加速

Gain-scheduling flight control law is used to determine the deflexion angles of the control surface and control the trajectory of the vehicle, and the trajectory simulation results are obtained. The results indicate that under the control system the latter is complicated, so direct acceleration is superior.

结果表明，操纵控制下的飞行器能够按照预定轨迹飞行；使用螺旋加速方式，可以延长激光加速的时间，但是这两种加速方式最后得到的速度差不多，而螺旋加速的操纵复杂，因此竖直平面内直接加速有一定的优势。

Acceleration 加速术 The mage accelerates his personal temporal motion, enabling her to move and act quicker than is normally possible.

法师对他自己的时间运行加速，使得他能够比平常更迅速的移动或者动作。

The influences of the shock thickness and Alfven waves on the particle acceleration by diffusive shock waves are numerically studied through solving one-dimensional diffusive equation including the second-order Fermi effect. It is shown that the spectral index of the energetic particles strongly depends on the shock thickness. For example, the spectral index increases from 2.1 to 3.7 in the low energy range of 3-10 MeV and from 2.5 to 5.0 in the high energy range of 20-60 MeV as the thickness increases. The spectral index decreases from 4.3 to 3.1 as the particle injection energy increases. The spectral index decreases from 4.0 to 1.8 at the quasi-steady stage with the enhancement of the compression ratio from 2 to 4. The results indicate that under the influence of Alfven waves, the energetic particle spectrum at lower energy becomes flat and the spectral index decreases from 2.5 to 0.6 in the low energy range of 3-10 MeV and from 11.6 to 5.0 in the high energy range of 20-60 MeV. At the same time, the rollover energy reaches 19.6 MeV. The spectral index decreases from 5.8 to 2.9 as the energy density of Alfven waves increase. All these results are basically consistent with the theoretical models, as well as the observations of typical energetic particle events.

通过数值求解包含二阶费米加速的一维扩散方程，探讨在准平行激波条件下激波厚度和级联阿尔芬波对粒子加速的影响，研究粒子分布函数的演化与激波厚度和阿尔芬波强度的内禀关系，计算结果表明：(1)考虑激波厚度时，谱指数明显依赖于激波厚度，随着厚度从0.32增大到2.56，低能端(3-10MeV)谱指数逐渐从2.1增加到3.7，高能端(20-60MeV)谱指数从2.4增大到5.0，能谱逐渐变软；当初始注入粒子动量增大1.3倍，质子能谱指数从4.3减小到3.1，且与零厚度激波加速的谱指数差值缩小；厚度不变时，随着压缩比从2增加到4，准稳态分布时低能端(3-10MeV)粒子能谱指数逐渐从4.0减小到1.8谱变硬；(2)在级联阿尔芬波的影响下，随着时间的增大，粒子在低能处(3-10MeV)的谱指数从2.5减小到0.6高能端(20-60MeV)谱指数从11.6减小到5.0，能谱变硬，拐点能量值从7.5MeV增大到为19.6MeV；随着波的能量密度增大，谱指数从5.8减小到2.9，这表明阿尔芬波强度越大，加速效率越高，通过与激波厚度解析结果和高能粒子事件的观测能谱比较发现两者是一致的，说明数值模拟结果是可靠的。

First, based upon the fields in the single cavities, open and short modes are constructed, whose coupling holes on disks are shorted magnetically and electrically respectively. Second, the whole field in the chain is expanded with the short and open modes. With the Galerkin method and the second vector Green theorem, it is possible to describe the physics problem by a simple general eigenvalue matrix equation. Here, the dispersion curves in periodical structures are available.

它首先利用有限元等方法计算各加速单腔中的电磁场，根据一定规则构造成所需的开模和闭模，然后把整个长腔链加速结构中的场用这些开模和闭模展开，再利用伽略金方法和第二矢量格林定理进行数学变换，考虑各模式在加速腔壁和腔间耦合孔处的边界条件后，就能把加速结构中电磁场用数学上的广义本征值矩阵问题描述，从而能够得到所求的色散曲线和电磁场形态。

The invention is capable of increasing the air pressure in the air inlet manifold and improving the aeration coefficient in the cylinder while in instantaneous acceleration, thereby changing the combustion conditions of the internal combustion engine at a medium and low speed, resolving the problem of the poor accelerating performance of the turbocharger at the medium and low speed, improving the output torque at the medium and low speed, optimizing the accelerating performance and greatly shortening the acceleration response time of the automobile; moreover, because the fuel is fully burned, the utilization factor of the fuel is also improved and the discharge capacity of the internal combustion engine is reduced.

本发明能够增加进气歧管内的空气压力，提高加速瞬时缸内的充气系数，从而改变内燃机中低速的燃烧状况，并改变涡轮增压机中低速加速性能差的问题，提高中低速的输出扭矩，优化加速性能，使车辆的加速响应时间大大减短；同时，由于燃料获得了充分燃烧，也提高了燃料的利用率，降低了内燃机的排放量。

The results show that,(1) the ion acceleration and energization mainly occur in the middle of dipolarization at distance of -12 R to -8 R,(2) the ion acceleration and energization along the direction perpendicular to magnetic field are faster than along parallel direction,(3) variations of speed and energy for lighter ion are faster than that of heavier ion,(4) the higher the initial energyis, the faster the ion acceleration is, and the more energy is obtained by the ions.

主要结果为：(1)离子的加速及能量变化主要发生在磁场偶极化过程的中期，对应的地心距离位於-12R到-8R之间；(2)垂直於磁场方向上离子加速及能量变化较快，平行方向上较慢；(3)轻离子较重离子加速及能量变化快，磁场偶极化终结，3种离子的能量均可增加200倍左右；(4)初始能量较高时，离子加速及能量变化较快，离子最终获得的能量较大。

The results show that,(1) the ion acceleration and energization mainly occur in the middle of dipolarization at distance of -12 RE to -8 RE,(2) the ion acceleration and energization along the direction perpendicular to magnetic field are faster than along parallel directi on,(3) variations of speed and energy for lighter ion are faster than that o f heavier ion,(4) the higher the initial energyis,the faster the ion accelerati on is, and the more energy is obtained by the ions.

主要结果为：(1)离子的加速及能量变化主要发生在磁场偶极化过程的中期，对应的地心距离位于-12RE到-8RE之间；(2)垂直于磁场方向上离子加速及能量变化较快，平行方向上较慢；(3)轻离子较重离子加速及能量变化快，磁场偶极化终结，3种离子的能量均可增加200倍左右；(4)初始能量较高时，离子加速及能量变化较快，离子最终获得的能量较大。

Chapter 8: We discuss the acceleration of multigrid by Krylov subspace approaches, and recognize the reason for slow convergence of algebraic multigrid methods is that error reduction is significantly less efficient for some very specific error components which may cause a few eigenvalues of the algebraic multigrid iteration matrix to be considerably closer to 1 than all the rest. However, the eigenvectors belonging to the few isolated eigenvalues can be expected to be typically captured after only a few conjugate gradient iterations, which accelerate algebraic multigrid algorithms. Theoretical analysis and numerical results of some practical problems show the iterant recombination accelerates algebraic multigrid convergence.

第八章：先介绍用Krylov子空间迭代法加速一般多重网格方法收敛的基本框架，然后紧紧抓住引起代数多重网格方法收敛减慢的根本原因往往是误差减小对几个特别的误差分量不明显，这导致代数多重网格方法的迭代矩阵的几个特征值接近于1，而共轭梯度方法则能比较典型地捕捉属于孤立特征值的特征向量，从而推导出有效的共轭梯度加速算法和程序实现，不仅从一些具体的实际应用例子的数值结果去验证迭代复合加速收敛的效果，而且还从理论上分析了预处理共轭梯度法加速代数多重网格法收敛的机理。

The electrons in the pre-plasma can be trapped and accelerated by the ponderomotive force of propagating laser pulse, and escape from the pulse as the latter reflects from the target surface, preserving high energy.

研究表明，通过有质动力加速过程，预等离子体中的电子可以得到强烈的加速，并通过进入固体靶而摆脱激光脉冲的束缚，这个加速过程比激光直接与固体靶相互作用中的电子加速过程要有效得多。

Bring about hasten 加速(坏事的来临加速坏事的来临)〖 At the same time , the overbuilding binge that glutted America's skylines with vacant buildings has pushed the construction industry into a depression and helped precipitate a general credit crunch.

在这同时，抢建的热潮使美国的天际线上充斤着过多的闲置大楼的轮廓，促使建筑业陷入萧条，加速体信用危机的到来。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。