加载的

In the analysis, firstly, the flux boundary condition is used to simulate the frictional heat resource between wheel and rail. The non-steady heat transfer between the contacting surfaces of the wheel/rail, heat-convection and radiation between the wheel/rail and the ambient were all taken into consideration. Therefore, a heat coupling model of the wheel/rail in rolling/sliding is put forward to calculate the frictional temperature rise in the wheel and rail. Secondly, after the temperature distribution of wheel/rail, due to friction, is calculated, substitute the thermal load with equivalent fictitious body force and boundary distributed force loaded on the nodes of the corresponding elements. The wheel-load is applied to the center of the wheel.

首先，用热流边界条件模拟轮轨接触界面的摩擦热源，考虑轮轨间的非稳态热传导、轮轨自由表面与环境的热对流、热辐射的影响，建立轮轨滚动接触热耦合有限元计算模型，分析计算轮轨滚、滑工况下的摩擦温升；其次，以求得的轮轨温度场结果作为求解轮轨应力场的已知条件，轮载以集中力形式直接加载于轮心处，将摩擦温升引起的热载荷等效为假想体力和热边界面力，施加于相应的单元节点上，建立了轮轨热—机械载荷耦合作用的热弹性平面应力模型，分析热—机械载荷作用下的轮轨应力场。

The stress corrosion cracking experiments were conducted using SUS 304 L stainless steel WOL samples in 3.0% NaOH solution by mass fraction at 280℃in order to study the anti-stress corrosion performance of PD-201 hydrogenator made of SUS 304 L stainless steel of purified terephthalic acidplant during alkaline washing without stopping production.

通过用SUS304L不锈钢制作的楔形张开加载预裂纹试样，在280℃、质量分数为3.0%的NaOH溶液的条件下进行应力腐蚀试验，以模拟对苯二甲酸装置的加氢反应器PD-201不停车碱洗工作过程中SUS304L不锈钢在该介质环境下的抗应力腐蚀性能。

The sidelobe has many ripples in condition of small training sample size and the diagonal loading technology is applied to this method, which improve the convergence speed of sidelobe. We also study the pattern control of area array. The effectiveness of this new method is illustrated by the designed simulations.5. Adaptive sidelobe cancellation is a important part of phase array radar. To realize low sidelobe and suppressing the interferer the antenna technique and signal process are combined.

用对角加载方法解决了小快拍数下收敛速度慢的问题，并仿真给出了加载量的选取范围，对面阵的自适应方向图控制文中也进行了详细讨论，阵列幅相误差和互耦误差对自适应方向图控制影响，文中也给出了仿真和分析。5、自适应旁瓣相消是相控阵雷达技术的一个重要组成部分，它将天线技术与信号处理技术结合在一起，使相控阵天线实现超低副瓣，达到抗有源干扰的目的。

The electronic con troller, with 80196KC as its CPU, either can acquire data and control the loadin g system by itself or can be supervised by a PC, which is also called the superv ising PC.

加载系统的控制器以16位80196KC单片机为核心，该控制器可对系统进行数据采集和加载力控制，也可通过串行口接受上位机的命令，并将试验数据传送给上位机保存。

And the frontal technique is adapted to solve the FE equations. The techniques are studied to deal with the large slip frictional contactproblems between a deflectable body with large deformation and a rigid bodywith flat or curved surface. A new algorithm is presented to resolve such contactproblems, including incremental displacement constraints and force constraints,and the modules are programmed. The performances of tire under static load invertical loading state and camber state are analyzed by this method. And theexperiments were carried out at the same condition as used in analysis process.

研究了大变形柔性体与具有平面及曲面外形刚性体之间的大滑动摩擦接触问题，提出了求解这类接触问题的位移增量约束和主动力增量约束处理方法；编制了大变形柔性体与具有平面及曲面外形刚性体之间的大滑动摩擦接触问题求解模块；利用本文提出的大滑移接触问题处理方法，分析了轮胎在径向静载和静态外倾加载条件下受力和变形，并对部分分析结果进行了试验验证，验证结果表明，本文提出的位移增量约束和主动力增量约束处理接触问题的方法是正确可靠的，而且具有精度高、收敛性好、收敛速度快的优点。

The pseudo-static test which subjects to horizontal load on the A-type autoclaved aerated concrete block wall was adopted. Reinforced concrete beams were set up at the upper and lower ends of the test block, and the four-bar linkage device was provided to ensure that the top of the wall was only in translatory motion, not in rotation at the level force. Hydraulic synchronous loading device was adopted to simulate the vertical load which was produced by the wall of the housing interlayer.

对A类蒸压加气混凝土砌块墙体采用水平荷载作用下的伪静力试验，试件的上下两端设置了钢筋混凝土梁，通过四连杆装置保证墙体顶部在水平力作用下只有平动而无转动，并采用同步液压加载装置模拟房屋层间墙体作用的竖向荷载。

Fast repair skill 1: The reason was the computer possibly loaded the hardware actuation which you already no longer used, to save the system resources, must unload these actuations, in view of the fact that an optional choice possibly let your computer lose an important function, for this reason had the necessity the function to found one using System Restore to restore the spot ahead of time.

快速修复技巧1 ：原因是可能加载计算机的硬件驱动，您已经不再使用，为了节省系统资源，必须卸载这些actuations ，鉴于这一事实，即一个可选的选择可能让你的电脑失去一个重要的功能，为此有必要的功能，发现一个使用系统还原恢复点前的时间。

The results show that, for the elasto-plastic contact of tip-substrate approach and separation process, the material plastic yielding in the atomic level is still governed by the von Mises criterion. For the adhesion of flat-ended wedges, continuum mechanics can be still applied down to a few lattice constants within the contact region, and give reasonable results, apart from the discrepancies near the contact edges. Moreover, adhesion hysteresis occurs during unloading due to the atomic steps, where the unloading curve does not coincide with the loading one. This in turn supports the presumption proposed by Pollock for the adhesion of stepped spheres.

本文首先对针尖—基体模型的弹塑性接触机理进行了深入研究，指出在原子水平上材料的塑性屈服仍由Von Mises准则控制；对平底锥冲头粘着接触的模拟表明，除了在接触区边缘附近有一定差别外，接触力学方法在接触区内几个晶格常数范围内仍能给出令人满意的结果；由于原子台阶效应，加载与卸载曲线不重合，出现粘着滞后，证实了Pollock关于具有纳米阶梯结构的球体粘着滞后现象的推测。

Based on the linear creep superposition principle, admiting average loading age coefficient and average time-lasting coefficient, adopting creep and shrinkage calcultion in ACI code, a simplified method of creep and shrinkage analysis in reinforced c

摘要根据线性徐变的迭加原理，引入平均龄期影响系数和平均持荷影响系数，利用ACI规范中的徐变和收缩计算公式，推导了钢筋混凝土轴压构件分批加载时收缩徐变分析的简化计算方法。

Based on the linear creep superposition principle, admiting average loading age coefficient and average time-lasting coefficient, adopting creep and shrinkage calcultion in ACI code, a simplified method of creep and shrinkage analysis in reinforced concrete member bearing multi-times axial forces is presented.

根据线性徐变的迭加原理，引入平均龄期影响系数和平均持荷影响系数，利用ACI规范中的徐变和收缩计算公式，推导了钢筋混凝土轴压构件分批加载时收缩徐变分析的简化计算方法。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。