功能

The author of this paper holds that analogy in advertising performs several important functions: informative function, persuasive function, textual function, vivifying fu...

笔者认为，广告中的类比有几个重要的、彼此相关的功能：信息功能、劝说功能、语篇功能和生动化功能

Language communication is an important way to maintain the social relationship among human beings. The use of Euphemism avoids causing the unpleasantness of two communicative sides and damaing their relationship. Basing on the implication of Euphemism, the paper mainly explores the functions of taboo, politeness, avoidance of vulgarism, cover of Euphemism and persuasion that are helpful for our conscious and correct language using in cross-cultural communication.

摘 要：语言交际是人类赖以维系社会和人际关系的重要手段，委婉语的使用有效避免了引起交际双方的不快从而损害双方的关系，本文从委婉语的应用出发，着重探讨了委婉语的避讳功能、礼貌功能、避俗功能、掩饰功能、劝诱功能，这将有助于我们在跨文化交际中更加自觉和准确地使用语言。

Its disciplinary value is reflected in its theoretical, cultural, and applicative functions, with the latter as the primary.

民族法学的学科价值体现在理论功能、文化功能和应用功能上，其中，应用功能是其首要的功能。

Results The long term results of the vascularized fibular graft varied in different types of bone defects. Nine patients with congenital pseudoarthrosis of tibia had the limb function restored in 65％ and one had nonunion of fibular graft, 3 fractures(7 times), and 5 angular deformities. Three patients with congenital radial deficiency had 62％ restoration of the limb function. All of them showed early closure of epiphyses of the grafted fibulae. Five cases with osteomyelitis and bone defects combined soft tissue deficiency had 94％ restoration of the limb function, and only one occurred fracture of fibular graft. One case with soft tissue defect and concomitant ulnar defect, ulnar nerve and median nerve injury, 67％ function of limb was recovered, and union of fibula graft was good. 100％ function of limb was recovered in 1 case with cavernoma of radius and without occurring valgus deformity of donor site.

结果应用带血管腓骨移植修复骨缺损的远期效果因缺损类型的不同而存在较大差异。9例先天性胫骨假关节患者，术后肢体功能恢复65％，其中移植腓骨骨不连1例、骨折3例(7次)、成角畸形5例；3例先天性桡骨缺如患者，术后肢体功能恢复62％，3例术后均出现移植腓骨骨骺线早闭，畸形复发；5例骨髓炎、骨外露、骨缺损并软组织缺损患者，术后肢体功能恢复94％，仅1例发生移植腓骨骨折；1例前臂软组织缺损并尺骨缺损，尺神经、正中神经损伤者，术后肢体功能恢复67％，骨愈合顺利；1例桡骨海绵状血管瘤者，术后肢体功能恢复100％，骨愈合顺利。

Results: Tyroserleutide can significantly increase the life span of H22 tumor-bearing mice by 50-70% in dosages of 20ug/kg/d-80ug/kg/d,specially the high dosage of 80ug/ml can significantly increase the life span by 69.24%; Tyroserleutide can inhibit the growth of transplanted hepatocellular tumor BEL-7402 in nude mice,the rate of tumor inhibition was25-50% in dosages of 40-320ug/ml ,the inhibition rate of 160ng/ml was 44.03%; Tyroserleutide could inhibit the growth of H22 and BEL-7402 tumor in a dose-dependent manner. Simultaneously, tumoricidal activity of tyroserleutide against BEL-7402 cell line in vitro was observed hinger when compared with the control group(P.05).The inhibition effect of 72hrs was higher than 24hrs,48hrs,96hrs.And specially the high dosage of 160ug/ml can significantly inhibit growth of tumor cell by 19.36%. Tyroserleutide can activated PEM and marked enhance cytotoxicity andphagocytosis functions in vitro and in vivo. The OD values of cytotoxicity were observed hinger when compared with the control group(P.05).The cytotoxicity of macrophages activated by tyroserleutide against BEL-7402 and B16-F10 was 35.58%,61.2% in vitro and21.39%,47.63% in vivo. The cytotoxicity rate of nude mice PEM was 32.86%,73.07% in vivo. Furthermore, tyroserleutide alone could stimulated the production of IL-1B TNF- a and NO by M . Tyroserleutide and LPS could synergistically activated M producing more cytotoxicity effectors. Conclusion: Tyroserleutide had inhibition functions against hepatoma carcinoma .Its possible mechanisms were related to the affect that Tyroserleutide could inhibit tumor cell directively and induce tumor cells apoptosis or death effectively.

结果：酪丝亮肽能显著延长腹水型肝癌H_(22)小鼠的生存时间，给药剂量为80μg／kg／d时疗效最显著，达到69.24％，在20μg／kg／d-80μg／kg／d剂量范围内生命延长率为50-70％，给药剂量与荷瘤鼠生存时间呈现一定量效关系；酪丝亮肽能显著抑制人肝癌BEL-7402移植瘤裸鼠的肿瘤生长，给药剂量为160μg／kg／d时疗效最显著，抑制率为44.03％，并且在40-320μg／kg／d剂量范围内抑制率为25-50％，给药剂量与肿瘤抑制率呈现一定量效关系；酪丝亮肽体外对人肝癌BEL-7402细胞生长有一定的抑制作用，在作用72hrs时各浓度酪丝亮肽对肿瘤细胞的抑制作用较24hrs、48hrs、96hrs明显，其中浓度为100μg／ml时抑制率达19.36％；酪丝亮肽体内外均能增强小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞对肿瘤细胞的杀伤：体外作用中巨噬细胞对BEL-7402、B16-F10的杀伤功能明显增强，与效应细胞对照组相比有显著性差异(P＜0.05)杀伤率分别达到35.58％、61.2％；体内作用中巨噬细胞对BEL-7402、B16-F10的杀伤功能明显增强，与生理盐水对照组相比有显著性差异(P 。05)，杀伤率分别达到21.39%、47.63%；裸鼠腹腔巨噬细胞经酪丝亮肤作用后对BEL一7402、B 16一F10杀伤功能明显增强，与生理盐水对照组相比有显著性差异(P.05)，最高杀伤率分别达到32.86%、73.07%；酪丝亮肤能增强单核巨噬细胞系统的吞噬功能，吞噬指数与生理盐水组比较有显著性差异(P.05)；酪丝亮肤体外作用能促进小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞分泌合成细胞毒效应分子IL一lp、TNF一Q和NO，与效应细胞对照组相比有显著性差异(P.05)；酪丝亮肤体内作用能促进小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞分泌合成细胞毒效应分子IL一lp、TNF一Q和NO，与生理盐水对照组相比有显著性差异(P.05)；酪丝亮肤能促进鼠巨噬细胞株R戌W264.7分泌合成IL一1p和NO，IL一1日、NO水平分别在酪丝亮肤作用24hrs、12hrs时达到高峰，酪丝亮肤单独应用能提高巨噬细胞的分泌合成功能，而且酪丝亮肤能与LPS协同作用刺激巨噬细胞的细胞毒效应分子分泌合成。

In peripheral blood,〓increases, so cause 〓 balance is broken, and 〓 which can induce inflammatory reaction increases obviously too; meanwhile, there are immuno- function change in the red cells, the RBC-〓 receptor rosette promoting rate of serum decrease, indicate this uveitic animal model have both cellular immunity dysfunction induced by T cells and the changes of RBC immuno-function. The analysis of the local and systemic immuno-function changes of uveitic animal model offers objective theoretical bases for combining the local treatment and the systemic treatment.

葡萄膜炎兔房水中房水中〓及IL-2均升高，病变葡萄膜组织中T细胞表面分化抗原的免疫组化检查显示大量阳性细胞，表明兔葡萄膜组织本身存在着免疫功能亢进所导致的病理改变，而外周血中〓增高，导致〓平衡失调，介导炎症反应的〓亦明显增高，同时伴有红细胞免疫功能改变，外周血中RBC-〓受体花环率及血清中RBC-〓受体花环促进率均降低，显示葡萄膜炎兔本身既存在T细胞介导的细胞免疫反应功能紊乱，也存在红细胞免疫功能改变，这种局部和全身的免疫功能改变分析为葡萄膜炎的治疗局部和全身相结合提供了客观的理论依据。

Results:eighty-one of 129 MODS patients had gastrointestinal failure and the morbidity of gastrointestinal failure was 62.8%,in whom 54 patients received rhubarb therapy and 33 patients(61.1)were all eviated.Whereas only 7(25.9％) out of 27 patients suffered from gastrointestinal failureinnon-rhubarb treatment group were improved.There was as ignificant difference between the two groups(P.01).Furthermore,28(51.9％) out of 54 MODS patients accompanied by gastrointestinal dysfunction were survive dafter rhubarb treatment,whereas 6(22.2％) of 27 MODS patients suffered from gastrointestinal dysfunction were survived in non-rhubarb treatment group.

其中54例患者接受大黄治疗，有效率为61.1%；27例患者为非大黄治疗组，胃肠功能恢复率为25.9%，2组间有显著性差异（P.01）。54例MODS伴胃肠功能障碍患者接受大黄治疗后，有28例患者存活，存活率为51.9％；27例MODS伴胃肠功能障碍患者接受其它胃肠动力剂治疗后有6例患者存活，存活率为22.2%。29例MODS不伴胃肠功能障碍的患者接受大黄治疗后有12例存活，存活率为41.4%；19例MODS不伴胃肠功能障碍者接受其它胃肠动力剂治疗后，有7例存活，存活率为36.8%。

Including: information communication, explaining and dredges, guiding, anti-poverty and its influences on regulation and control with rural public opinion, the idea "upgrade" of peasant, the push of rural politics development, the promotion of rural economics, the transition of rural culture etc.

组织层面的功能包括信息传播功能、解释疏导功能、指导功能、扶贫功能；在社会层面农村新闻传播具有农村舆论的调控器、农民观念的&更新&器、农村政治发展的推动器、农村经济的促进器、农村文化的转型器的功效。

The BORUI software belongs to the field of computer software technology, and is characterized by that after the BORUI software is mounted in computer, when the mourse is placed on the icon of an unopened file, one window can be automatically ejected, the file contents or preset contents can be displayed in the window, after the file is opened, the preset contents also can be looked up by means of software function; in the computer said BORUI software has several functions; inhibiting deletion, enciphering deletion function and making reference and comparison between various files with different types and different forms.

BORUI软件属于计算机软件领域，其特征在于：当计算机安装BORUI软件后，将鼠标放置在一个未打开的文件的图标上时会自动弹出一个窗口，窗口中可显视其文件内容或预先设定的内容；在文件打开后也可以通过软件功能查看其预先所设定的内容；通过软件功能可将计算机中不同类型不同格式的文件设定成为禁止删除；可为删除功能加密，为删除功能加密后，只能通过输入正确的密码才可以将文件删除；通过软件的功能可以在文件中的文字与文字、图像与图像、视频与视频、动画与动画、音频与音频等不同类型不同格式的各种文件之间进行参照与对比。

During the first part, investigate the numbers and location of the different nature reserve, and review about its development, discuss the cause about the rapid developmeng about the protection areas of nature around Beijing. During the second part, this paper use the Geographical Information System to analyze the different sight function, plot our distinct function about the protection area of nature around Beijing. In the third part of this paper, the ecology function was special analyzed. This paper picked up several factor about the ecology and establish mathematics model to detect the most rational ecology distribution, bring forward the new constructive, wilder constructive and combination project. In the last parts of the paper, this paper use the Geographical Information System to analyze the different brim about the protection area of nature around Beijing, calculating the p/a and figure coefficient, and bring forward the brim theory for the nature reserve and city system.

在数量布局方面，包括北京周边各个不同级别的保护区的数目、位置分配布局和发展趋势研究，探讨北京市周边自然保护区数目和面积在99年和2000年突然增长的主要原因，以及今后北京自然保护区的发展方向；在景观布局方面，主要根据不同自然保护区的空间和功能的不同，计算延庆县各个自然保护区的景观多样性指数和景观优势度指数，并结合地理信息系统和航片，划分出不同的景观功能区间，以及各个功能区间之间的相互关系；在生态布局方面，综合考察北京周边自然状况，提取多项因子，建立评价模型，计算出各项因子权重，从而对其自然保护区的生态功能布局的合理性进行评价和趋势分析，为本文提出北京市周边自然保护区新建、扩建与合并的方案提供依据；在边缘布局方面，利用边缘效应理论和研究方法，创新提出&边缘类型样块分析法&，提取多个样方并结合地理信息系统，计算p/a比和自然保护区边缘的形状系数，划出自然保护区边缘效应趋势变化图，考察北京周边自然保护区的边缘效应，以及对城市的生态边缘功能。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。