功利主义

The raws' result is the opposite extrme of utilitarian.

这两种思想都过于极端，一般通常是采取功利主义和罗尔斯主义的折中。

Secondly, the acknowledgement of his dramatic theory of utilitarianism, which is confirmed by many scholars without real reflection, misled the scholar's train of thought.

第二，萧伯纳的功利主义的戏剧理论被不加反思地加以肯定，这也误导了学者们的研究思路。

On the basis of that, I try to put forward the representation and the causes of the crisis of the general education of our modern country. It is the instrumental logos and the utilitarian educational values that make the education and the playful lives of the children separate and cause people only to stand on the point of the adults which makes the phenomena of children' hating to go to school and playing truant happen often. Most of them regard the study as a kind of activity full of difficulties.

在此基础上，考察了当今我国基础教育危机的表现及其产生根源，指出由于工具理性思维范式和功利主义教育价值观甚嚣尘上，使人们往往固着于成人世界的视域，割裂了教育与儿童游戏的生活世界的联系，从而导致某种程度的儿童厌学、逃学、视学习为&苦差&等现象的发生。

Although it also concerns very much human beings, it looks upon science just as a kind of tool, and emphasizes significance and value of science for the material life of human beings from the angle of tool, but does not think that science even more is a kind of culture, thus possesses very important significance for the cultural life of human beings and the development of human beings themselves, and then, humanistic significance and humanistic value of science have also greatly been ignored.

尽管功利主义的科学观也十分关注人，但是，它将科学仅仅看作是一种工具，并从工具的角度来强调科学对于人的物质生活的意义和价值，而看不到科学更是一种文化，因而对于人的精神生活和人的自身发展同样具有十分重要的意义和价值，于是，也大大忽视了科学的人文意义和人文价值。

The utilitarianism, calls Eden doctrine , is that the whole world affects gigantic one ethics school and even in the west.

功利主义，又称最大幸福主义，是在西方乃至全球影响巨大的一支伦理学流派。

The Art of War is the Swiss army knife of military theory--pop out a different tool for any situation, views on resourcefulness, momentum, cunning, the profit motive, flexibility, integrity, secrecy, speed, positioning, surprise, deception, manipulation, responsibility, and practicality.

兵法瑞士陆军刀军事理论--流行出一个不同的工具任何情况就机智、动量、狡诈、功利主义、灵活、完整、保密性、速度、定位、突击、欺骗、操纵、责任感和实践性。

Universal prescriptivism and preference-utilitarianism are two important parts of his ethical thought, which, the one after the other, form together the essential fabric of his system of ethical theory.

普遍规定主义&和&偏好功利主义是其伦理思想中的两个重要部分，一前一后共同组成其伦理学体系的基本构架。

So universal prescriptivism cannot be the basis of utilitarianism as Hare thought. On the contrary, its normative conclusion belongs to the same type as Rawls's, namely, the moral conception of impartiality with distinction between persons.

所以，普遍规定主义理论并非像黑尔以为的那样可以作为功利主义的基础，相反，它的规范性结论与罗尔斯属于同一个类型，即承认人际区分的公正的道德观。

How is collective action brought about? This perennial question has been approached from different angles. Structuralists insist that structure is the source of collective action, that structure gives rise to ideology which in turn determines collective action. Utilitarians maintain that only the community with shared benefits can engender collective action, and rational individuals may throw collective action into predicament. Constructionists are of the opinion that people act on the basis of the meanings derived from social construction, and that social mobilization is needed for such collective action.

结构主义者认为结构才是集体行动的本源，结构决定了意识形态从而也决定了集体行动；功利主义认为有着共同利益的群体成员才有集体行动的可能，但个人理性会令集体行动陷入困境；而建构主义则认为人们是依据意义的社会建构来采取行动的，但集体行动所需的共同意识、资源、成员都需要组织者积极动员，除了群体的意义建构在影响集体行动，行动者的理性也仍然在考察不断变化的周围世界的基础上参与行动抉择。

Utilitarians believe that the most important things in life are happiness and contentment.

功利主义认为人生最重要的事情是快乐和满意。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。