力矩的

In static design of the control system, the influences of three-axle unintersect, unverticality and disturbance moment to the simulator's position accuracy is analyzed, and the error analytic formula is suggested. The influence of system static and dynamical friction moment, distinguishability of D/A convertor to the low-speed characteristic of the simulator is also analyzed.

在控制系统的静态设计过程中，分析了三轴转台的三轴不相交度、三轴不垂直度和干扰力矩等对转台位置精度的影响，并求出了误差的解析表达式，分析了系统的静、动摩擦力矩、D／A转换器的分辨率等对转台低速特性的影响。

To the problem that the isotropy and the technological efficiency of the parallel kinematic machine based on Stewart platform are not satisfactory, a novel architecture of 6-DOF 3-dimensional platform parallel kinematic machine (6-DOF 3-D PPKM) based on the 2-2-2-SPS 3-D PPR is presented. The technological efficiency of design of the parallel kinematic machine is analyzed. Its workspace and the effect of design parameters to the workspace volume are studied. By using the submatrices of Jacobian matrix and force Jacobian matrix, the kinematics/mechanics transmission isotropic indices, kinematics transmission indices, load-bearing capacity indices at any configuration of the parallel kinematic machine are proposed, respectively.

分析其结构和装配工艺性，研究其定位姿工作空间及机床结构参数对工作空间大小的影响，基于Jacobian矩阵和力Jacobian矩阵中同量纲元素构成的子阵，提出该并联机床在任意位姿的运动／力学传递各向同性评价指标、运动学传递能力评价指标和承载能力评价指标；基于柔度矩阵中同量纲元素构成的子阵，提出该并联机床在任意位姿的力-位置柔度评价指标、力-姿态柔度评价指标、力矩-姿态柔度评价指标和力矩-位置柔度评价指标；研究各性能指标在定位姿工作空间内的分布情况。

To the condition of deviation from side path when vehicles are turning and braking, according to the deviation distance, the control strategies and control algorithms of vehicle braking stability by two control methods, yaw moment and active steering, are determined. The fuzzy controller are designed whose outputs can be adjusted online according to the variation of slip rate and dynamic proportionality factor. The simulation results prove that the method of fuzzy control which is based on the yaw meoment and front wheel active steering can improve vehicle braking stability and ability of path tracking.

针对汽车在转弯制动时出现的侧向路径偏离状况，根据偏离量大小，利用横摆力矩和主动转向两种控制模式分别进行汽车制动稳定性控制，确立了两种控制模式下的控制策略和控制算法，设计了模糊控制器，根据轮胎最优滑移率变化状况，对模糊输出变量论域的大小按照动态比例系数进行实时在线调整，仿真实验验证了所提出的基于横摆力矩和前轮主动转向的模糊控制方法能提高汽车制动稳定性和路径跟踪能力。

Taking the moments of hip and knee joint as its controlled variables, the simulation of the motion equation shows that: After increasing the joint moment at the cushioning phase, the vertical velocity of the body center of mass distinctively speedup while horizontal velocity fall to some degree. Thus, the resultant velocity remains basically constant, but the result distance of long jump can be increased due to the enlargement of the angle of take-off.

以髋、膝关节肌力矩作为运动方程的控制变量，对其修改后的模拟结果表明：增大缓冲阶段的关节肌力矩后，人体重心的垂直速度得到明显提高，而水平速度则有所下降，在腾起合速度变化不大的情况下，由于腾起角的增大提高了跳远成绩。

The test results indicated that the precision of thetorque Sensor on the cool-starting resistance torque and starting rotate speed of the diesel engine can respectively reach 0.6 %and 0.5%, which completely satisfy the cool-starting requirements of the diesel engine at low temperature; the performance curvesof the cool-starting resistance torque for diesel engine on the condition of the different low temperature were accurately obtained,and the variation rules of the performance parameters about the starting rotate speed and the starting power for the diesel enginewere estimated, whichwas the academic basis on the optimalmatching of the cool-starting parts about the diesel engine, the elec-tromotor and storage battery and so on.

结果表明：转矩传感器用来测试低温起动阻力矩和转速的准确度分别达到0·6%、0·5%，满足柴油机低温起动系统测试指标的要求；准确地测得了在不同转速和不同温度下的阻力矩性能曲线，同时也能判断出柴油机的起动转速和起动功率等性能参数的变化趋势及规律，为柴油机、电动机和蓄电池等低温起动部件的优化匹配提供了理论依据。

At first, the article introduces the method to test the equivalent mass, the static moment of resistance, and the braking deceleration of the brake system and to examine the speed and the force of the hoisting system. According to the detecting method that the author put forwards, the parameters such as the brake torque, the time of idle motion, the brake distance and so on can be obtained.

文章首先介绍了提升机闸控系统的变位质量、静阻力矩、制动减速度以及提升系统的运行速度、拖动力的测试方法，然后依据作者提出的检测方法，得到闸控系统的制动力矩、空动时间和制动运行距离等参数。

Lastly, to test the efficacy of shim plate in the single hole plate and research the fatigue life of single hole plate by means of changing the thickness and size of shim plate and the various torque, and then to test the shim plate efficacy at the abutting joint part for studying the fatigue life of the screw connecting component and rivet connecting component of typical wainscot of X air plane.

最后，首先在单孔板上试验垫片的功效，通过改变垫片的尺寸厚度、垫片面积及垫片在承受不同大小力矩下，分析研究单孔板的疲劳寿命，确定垫片尺寸厚度、面积和力矩对单孔板寿命的影响。其次在对接件上试验垫片的功效，研究运X飞机典型壁板螺接结构件和铆接结构件的疲劳寿命。

The obstacle (the altitude of 900 mm) process for both sides of a planetary gear train was analyzed in ADAMAS. It is proved that the physical dimension of the planetary gear train, bodywork center position and attachment coefficient are the key effect factors. The driven moment, velocity and normal pressure sharply increased as each wheel surmounting obstacles, but they were moderate after the front wheel came over the obstacles. Another weaker pulse occurred when the rear wheel began climbing, and then the parameters reached a plateau.

行星轮系的结构尺寸、车体质心位置及附着系数对越障高度影响较大；各轮系越障时出现驱动力矩、速度和正压力急增的现象，前轮系的前轮越上障碍后，各参数值趋于平稳，后轮越障时又出现瞬时脉动，但脉动较小，后轮系也有相同的变化趋势，各轮的阻力矩和输出功率与正压力变化趋势相同。

The results show that the air crossing pressure pulse magnitude of the container generated in the tunnel is 3.46 times that generated in open air when container flat wagon at the speed of 160 km/h passed by EMU moving at the same speed. Both the lateral force and overturning moment of the container train during the crossing induced in open air and tunnel are approximately proportional to the square of running speed of the passing train. The pressure of crossing side and uncrossing side for the container flat wagon is almost equal since the one-dimensional characteristic of pressure distributing induced in the tunnel is not faintish. Consequently, the value of the lateral force and overturning moment of the container train generated in open air is greater than that generated in the tunnel, about 1.1 times.

研究结果表明：集装箱平车以160 km/h的速度与动车组等速交会时，在隧道内会车时车载集装箱中部压力变化幅值是在明线会车时的3.46倍；在明线和隧道内会车时，集装箱列车受到的侧向力和侧滚力矩均与交会列车运行速度近似成平方关系；因隧道内压力分布一维特性较强，集装箱平车交会侧与非交会侧压力相差并不大，因此，在明线会车时集装箱平车受到的侧向力和侧滚力矩均比隧道会车时的大，大约是其1.1倍。

Traditional worm casting ladle is adopt to the lower light revolving shaft, before pouring, molten iron is self dumping, using self-locking of worm gear, control dumping torque of casting ladle, pouring later, man turn on hand wheel, bevel gear turn to worn gear drive, and turn casting ladle pouring, don't turn on hand wheel, another side of worm gear tooth self-locking, control vertical torque of casting ladle.

传统蜗轮浇包都是采用较低的轻便转轴，浇注前期，铁水自己倾倒，利用蜗轮的自锁性，控制浇包的倾倒力矩；浇注后期，人扳转手轮，伞齿轮转向蜗轮传动，翻转浇包浇注，不扳动手轮时，蜗轮齿的另一侧面自锁，控制浇包的竖直力矩。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。