力平衡

Based on the condensability of liquid,the structure used in multi-axis force sensor of underwater robot aimed at balancing hydraulic pressure was investigated and an iteration algorithm used to calculate the pressure difference between in and out of the sensor was put forward,which applied the pressure balance method of film .

以水下机器人所用多轴力传感器的压力平衡结构为研究对象，基于液体的可压缩性，提出了膜片式压力平衡传感器内外压力差的迭代算法，推导出了膜片式压力平衡法的内外压力差、额外轴向力及相关公式。

In the third part, the theory of thrust angle and unbalanced forces is studied andapplied to Xiluodu arch dam. some conclusions are obtained :(1) The thrust angle issmaller by elaso-plastic computation than elastic computation. For the non-linearcomputation, the thrust angles at different elevations all increase during overloading,which reveals the internal mechanism of good performance of arch dam in conditionof overloading;(2) The elaso-plastic theory always minimizes the actual unbalancedforces in the sense of a condition number in the norm ofcomplementary energy.

第三部分，通过对溪洛渡拱坝拱端推力角及不平衡力的研究，得出如下结论：(1)非线性计算较弹性计算的推力角大；对于非线性计算而言，拱坝超载过程中各高程段的推力角均有所增加，这反映了拱坝具有较高超载能力的内在机制；(2)在总余能范数的意义上，按弹塑性本构关系确定的不平衡力或加固力是最小的，弹塑性计算确定的加固力和真解相比偏于安全。

Through realizing auto-adjustment of equilibrator inner pressure,this system control hand-wheel force effectively and improve operation capability and aim speed of artillery.

火炮液体气压式平衡机随着温度的变化，平衡机内气体压力变化比较大，常常偏离设计要求气压值，出现手轮力过大的问题，为了解决此种问题，本文研究一种能够自动补偿气压的控制系统，实现平衡机内的压力的自动调整，实现控制手轮力的目，进一步改善了火炮的操作性能，提高火炮的瞄准速度。

In chapter 2, a finite element model for the composite sandwich plates is developed, based on the Zig-Zag deformation assumption and the first order shear deformation theory, and the finite element buckling analysis governing equations for the plates under mechanical, thermal and/or thermal-mechanical mixed loads are deduced respectively. By Von-Karman nonlinear deformation relations and Total Lagrange formulation, an incremental governing equation for postbuckling analysis is established and a corresponding effective computational scheme is presented..

第二章首先建立了基于Zig-Zag截面变形假定和Mindlin一阶剪切理论的夹层板有限元分析模型，分别推导了夹层板机械力、热载和热—机械力耦合屈曲分析的有限元列式和相应的屈曲前以及屈曲临界状态的平衡方程，基于Von-Karman大挠度理论，采用增量形式的全局lagrangian法推导了复合材料夹层板增量形式的几何非线性有限元离散平衡方程，给出了一种有效的非线性平衡方程的迭代求解格式。

When we analyse rigid body with the theory of limit equilibrium, we do not obtain always reasonable maximal principle in physics, and the maximal value is the result of soil plasticity deformation.(2) Thoroughly commenting the typical method of slices from their satisfid equilibrium conditions, calculational parameter and their convergence, the thesis sortes the methods into four kinds. The first satisfies all kinds of equilibrium conditions, can obtain interslice force and the factor of safety.

2从满足的平衡条件、求解的参数及其解收敛性等，分析了各种常用极限平衡条分法，将其分为四类，第一类方法既满足力的平衡，也满足力矩平衡，能获得条间力和稳定系数的收敛解；第二类方法只满足一个方向力的平衡和力矩平衡，只能求得稳定系数；第三类方法既满足力的平衡，也满足力矩平衡，但不是严格的静定问题，解的收敛性差；第四类方法满足两个方向力的平衡，不满足力矩平衡，可求得稳定系数和条间力的大小，不能求得条间力方向。

The scale analysis on planetary scale motion in the tropical atmosphere shows that the equilibrium between the pressure gradient force and Coriolis force in the meridional direction is easily established, which is known as the zonally semi-geostrophic motion The semi-geostrophic adaptation process in which the inertial gravity waves play an important part is relatively quick The evolution process after the semi-geostrophic adaptation process is slow and controlled by the Kelvin waves and long Rossby waves

对热带大气行星尺度运动所做的尺度分析和物理分析表明：热带大气的行星尺度运动在y方向容易实现气压梯度力与Coriolis力的平衡，它称为纬圈的半地转运动。半地转平衡的建立过程，也就是半地转适应过程相对是很短暂的，它不需要考虑f=β0y随y的变化，因而主要依靠惯性重力波为频散；而半地转平衡建立后的演变过程相对是很缓慢的，它主要受Kelvin波和Rossby波控制。

There are two focus included as the following two topics:The measurement of equilibrium charge of dust particles in the plasmas By studying the forces acting on dust particles at the equilibrium position, where, the electric force and gravity force are importantly considered, the equilibrium charge of dust particles can be presumedly calculated according to the relation of the forces.

文中着重进行了以下两个方面的研究：一、等离子体中尘埃粒子平衡电荷量的测量通过研究尘埃粒子在平衡位置处的受力情况确定尘埃颗粒所带的电荷量。主要考虑两种力的作用即尘埃粒子所受的电场力和重力。根据这两种力的平衡关系就可以粗略得出尘埃粒子在平衡位置处的电荷量。

In the method of time-frequency the phase of unbalanced force is confirmed by analysis of time domain and amplitude of unbalanced force is confirmed by analysis of frequency.

在这种时-频动平衡方法中，用时域分析来确定不平衡力的相位，用频域分析来确定不平衡力的大小。

According to the internal force and external force of the cloth,the physical model is built.With this model,the dynamic simulation process of the cloth from non-balanceable state to balanceable state can be computed when collisions are not happened.

根据织物内部结构和外部受力的特点，建立物理模型，计算模型在没有碰撞的情况下，动态的模拟织物从非平衡的受力状态到平衡的受力状态之间的全过程。

When the flow rate through the Poppet head reaches a certain size, balance piston upper and lower chamber of the two oil pressure difference will create upward hydraulic pressure exceeds the spring preload and balanced piston friction and balance the sum of the piston weight and other forces, balance piston upward, so that the pressure port and overflow port interlinked, a large number of pressure from the oil will flow back into the fuel tank from the overflow port.

当通过提动头的流量达到一定大小时，平衡活塞上、下两腔的油压力差将形成向上的液压力超过弹簧的预紧力和平衡活塞的摩擦阻力及平衡活塞自重等力的总和，平衡活塞上移，使压力口和溢流口相通，大量压力油便由溢流口流回油箱。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。