力学的

This paper will analyze the mechanical performance of the wheel and design a test-bed to test the performance of the lunar rover's wheel. Firstly, the mechanical characters of the soil are separated to press-sinkage character and shear character based on Bekker's theory, and common press-sinkage and shear models are introduced and the theory of Lankine passive earth pressure is also introduced. These basic theories are helpful to construct model.

根据Bekker半经验法的基本思想，将土壤的力学特性分解为水平方向的剪切特性和竖直方向的承压特性，阐述了地面力学中常见的土壤的承压、剪切等力学模型，并引入了朗肯被动土压力理论，为建立车轮在松软土壤中前进和转向的力学模型奠定了基础，同时进行了实验土壤的剪切实验，测量了土壤的内聚力和内摩擦角等参数。

After the biomechanical finite element analysis for the three-dimensional reconstruction model, we find the structure of the deformed nose showes the following characteristics: 1, Nasal septum, nasal columella, lateral feet of nasal alar, lateral nasal dorsum are stress concentrated regions, that is the key mechanical positions of deformed nose; 2, Under the static state, nasal deformation has a very small value of stress distribution, under displacement load status, the deformed nasal has a large value of the stress distribution; 3, Ipsilateral nasal columella are the the key mechanical parts of deformed nasal rectify. And lateral nasal alar is also the most stress concentrated areas.

对于重建后的单侧唇裂鼻畸形鼻部模型进行有限元生物力学研究，发现畸形鼻的力学结构呈现以下特点：1、鼻中隔、鼻小柱、鼻翼外侧脚、鼻背外侧是单侧唇裂鼻畸形应力分布的集中部位，也就是畸形鼻部的力学关键部位；2、在静态状态下，畸形鼻部拥有的应力分布值很小，在位移载荷状态下，形变后的畸形鼻部拥有的较大的应力分布值；3、单侧唇裂鼻畸形整复中，鼻小柱患侧部是畸形整复的力学关键部位，其次就是患侧鼻翼部。

This course consists of three parts : A.The fundamental theory of gyroscopes. a.Kinematics and dynamics of gyroscopes, consisting of Coriolis acceleration, theorem of angular momentum, Euler's dynamical equations, dynamical explanation of gyroscopes' properties. b.Gyroscopes' motion equations, including the complete equations, technical equations and precession equations derived from Euler's dynamical equations, and the technical equations derived from static vs. dynamic method. c.Analysis of gyroscopes' motion. d.Coordinate systems and their mutual transformation. e.Gyroscope drift and its measurement. B.Principle of typical gyroscope instruments, such as gyro compass, gyro north finder, gyro horizon, platform compass, rate gyroscope and integrating gyroscope. C.Principles and applications of new-type gyroscpes, such as electrically suspended gyro, ring laser gyroscope, fiber optical gyroscope, hemispherical resonator gyro, dynamically tuned gyroscope and micro inertial sensors.

本课程教学内容由三部分组成：陀螺仪的基本理论，内容包括：陀螺力学基础（哥氏加速度、角动量定理和欧拉动力学方程、陀螺特性的力学解释）；陀螺仪运动方程和运动分析（用欧拉动力学方程建立完整方程、陀螺仪运动的技术方程和进动方程，用动静法建立技术方程）；坐标系及其变换；陀螺仪的漂移及其测试；典型陀螺仪器（包括陀螺罗经、陀螺找北仪、陀螺地平仪、平台罗经、速率陀螺仪和积分陀螺仪等）的工作原理；新型陀螺仪（包括静电陀螺仪、激光陀螺仪、光纤陀螺仪、半球谐振陀螺仪、挠性陀螺仪、微机械陀螺仪等）的原理及应用。

Damage mechanics is a new branch of solid mechanics that has come into being during the past two decades. The theory deals with solid-state physics, strength of materials and continue mechanics as a whole. Making up for the deficiency of microexamination and fracture mechanics, it is getting more and more useful for the calculation of life expectancy of materials, thus facing a bright future as far as its infinite use are concerned.

损伤力学是近二十年才开始形成和发展的一门新的固体力学分支，它是将固体物理学、材料强度理论和连续介质力学统一起来进行研究的理论，弥补了微观研究和断裂力学研究的不足，越来越多地应用于航天航空、高温高压热力设备寿命评估和混凝土、复合材料、高分子材料质量评估计算，是一门有着无限广阔用途的新学科。

With the use of modern photomechanical methods and the 3-D photoelastical frozen methods, the stress, the strain and displacement of proximal femur were studied and several significant results obtained.

言 近来发展起来的生物力学，是研究动物和人体生命运动规律，用力学观点来了解和揭示生物运动规律的一门新兴的边缘学科，它把生物、力学、医学、工程技术和实验力学等有机地结合了起来，使其成为理论紧密连系实际、很有前途的一门崭新的学科。

Objective: To evaluate the mechanical properties of the Slide-Traction Plate, which can fix the fracture hardly, and do not restrain the growth of epiphyses.

目的：通过生物力学试验对骨骺部生长滑动钢板生物力学性能进行评估，检测其避免产生骨骼纵向生长抑制的特殊结构是否影响其力学性能。

The left legs were taken for the biomechanics test on the EnduraTEC ELF3200, the biggest vertical deformation and stiffness were calculated, the number of empty osteocyte lacunas was calculated, and the cumulative absorbance value was compared between two groups.

分别于2，4，6，8周处死大鼠，取右侧股骨头标本，于EnduraTEC ELF3200生物力学材料动态力学性能测试系统行压力测定，计算样本纵向最大位移、刚度吸收等生物力学参数，计算空骨陷窝数，并行免疫组织化学法Bcl-2染色，比较不同组之间的累计吸光度值。

The results of finite element analysis are also coincident with experimental test results. It has been proved that the prsent vacuum vessel's bellows, ports and lower rigid supports are feasible.

最后专门设计了一套力学性能测试平台，运用实验力学方法，对真空室的关键部件进行了力学性能测试，获得了一些相关的实验数据，综合评价真空室的支撑结构和波纹管的力学性能并验证了有限元仿真分析结果。

The paper also based on mechanics of fracture, rock mechanics, mechanics of materials, sort the rock failure and spread into four models, and the model of the thrust spread of fault is firstly advanced.

文章同时基于断裂力学、岩石力学以及材料力学理论，将岩石破裂扩展概括为四种主要模式，并首次提出了断层的逆冲破裂扩展模式。

The rock-crushing process of dynamic impacting load is simplified, By means of elastic mechanics and wave theory , the axial force and shearing force of ro.

以弹性力学、波动理论和冲击动力学为基础，采用室内试验和力学理论相结合的研究方法，建立了旋冲钻井破岩力学模型。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。