副神经

In the cavernous sinus, Meckel cavity, trigeminal ganglion, mangibular nerve,(glossopharyngeal nerve, vagus nerve, accessory nerve), jugular foramen, hypoglossal nerve, MRI showed that the number of infiltrating 51, 35, 32, 56, 18, 19, 39 respectively;CT showed that the number of infiltrating 25, 12, 9, 20, 5, 5, 16 respectively.

在显示海绵窦、Meckel腔、三叉神经半月结、三叉神经第3支（CNV3）、舌咽/迷走/副神经（CN IX，X， XI）、颈静脉孔、舌下神经浸润方面，MRI显示浸润数分别为51、35、32、56、18、19、39；CT显示浸润数分别为25、12、9、20、5、5、16。

Results1 , The glossopharyngeal nerve exits the skull through the jugular foramen posteromedial to the styloid process and the styloid muscle with Vagus Nerve and Accessory Nerves.

结果1、通过对尸头进行解剖发现舌咽神经在颅底茎突和茎突诸肌的中后部与迷走神经、副神经一起自颈静脉孔出颅。

Methods: To analyze the causes,diagnosis,treatment and results of 17 cases with spinal accessory nerve injury.

分析 17例副神经损伤的原因、诊治和结果。

Objective: To provide reliable anatomical basis for locating accessory nerve exactly during related neck operations.

目的：为有关的手术准确定位副神经提供解剖学基础。

Objective The surgical anatomy and preservation of the accessory nerve in radical functional neck dissection were studied.

目的 探讨功能性根治性颈淋巴结清扫术中的副神经解剖及保留方法。

The course, surface symbols, branches, and surrounding structures of accessory nerve were observed and measured.

解剖观测副神经的行程、毗邻、体表标志、分支分布、与其与周围神经的关系。

Preface: The shoulder play an important role in developing the function of the upper limb. Which makes the restoration of shoulder function in brachial plexus injury is vital for the functional restoration of the whole upper limb, and has been considered as one of the function which should be restored firstly;The spinal accessory nerve is one of the most effectively and usually used donor nerves for restoration of shoulder abduction.

引言：肩关节显著扩大了人手在三维空间中的活动范围，并为手部承担负荷提供坚实的支座，是整个上肢活动的基础，肩关节功能对于发挥上肢的作用至关重要，所以臂丛神经损伤后如何恢复肩关节功能是臂丛神经损伤患者整个上肢功能恢复的基础和关键，一直受到广泛的重视与关注，被认为是应优先恢复的关节功能之一；副神经是神经移位治疗臂丛神经损伤恢复肩关节外展功能最常应用的移位动力神经之一。

Accessory Nerve Muscle ; Skeletal Anatomy ; Regional Tissue transplantation

副神经；肌；骨骼；解剖学；局部；组织移植

Although symptomatic cases of anomalies of vertebral artery, such as fenestration or elongation, leading to severe cervical pain, cervical myelopathy, or accessory nerve palsy have been reported, no long-term results of microsurgical decompression for those cases have been reported.

虽然以前有关椎动脉畸形而出现症状的案例报道，如开窗术或延长导致严重的颈部疼痛和脊髓型颈椎病，或者副神经麻痹，但没有显微外科减压治疗的长期疗效报道。

Spinal accessory nerve ; Neurosurgery ; Peripheral nerve

副神经；神经外科；周围神经

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。