副神经

Glomus jugulare tumor is a rare neoplasm arising from the paraganglion and it purses an aggressive ability and lower grade biological behavior.

颈静脉球瘤是一种起源于副神经节的少见肿瘤，呈侵袭性生长，有低度恶性的生物学行为。

Results Cerebellopontine angale region the lower neurovascular complex included glossopharyngeal nerve, vagus nerves, accessory nerve and hypoglossal nerves, and interrelated to posteroinferior cerebellar artery, bulbus medulla, cerebellar peduncle, bulbus fissurae cerebelli and cerebello-napex.

结果 桥小脑角区下血管神经复合体主要包括舌咽神经、迷走神经、副神经及舌下神经和相关的小脑后下动脉及延髓、小脑下脚、延髓小脑沟及小脑枕下部等。

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of retroperitoneal paraganglioma.

目的：探讨腹膜后副神经节瘤的临床特征、诊断要点及治疗方法。

The distance from accessory nerve to the great auricular nerve was about 1.24±0.51cm, to clavicular midpoint 10.72±1.67cm, and 12.46±1.19cm to sternoclavicular joint after leaving the posterior edge of sternocleidomastoid muscle.

副神经在胸锁乳突肌后缘穿出点距耳大神经在胸锁乳突肌后缘穿出点上方(l.24±0.51)cm，距锁骨中点(10.72±1.67)cm，距胸锁关节(12.46±1.19)cm。

Objective To observe the results of restoration of shoulder abduction by spinal accessory nerve transfer which was sectioned infraclavicularly to repair the suprascapular nerve in avulsed brachial plexus injury .

目的观察在锁骨下水平切断副神经，移位修复肩胛上神经，恢复臂丛损伤患者肩外展功能的临床效果及对斜方肌功能的影响。

Materials and Methods 46 cases with brachial plexus injury underwent traditional spinal accessory nerve transfer to restore shoulder abduction were followed-up. Recipient nerve: suprascapular nerve in 35 cases (upper partial brachial plexus injury 21 cases and total brachial plexus injury 14 cases), axillary nerve in 11 cases(upper partial brachial plexus injury 5 cases and total brachial plexus injury 6 cases); And trapezius muscle function was measured by physical examination and electrophysiological study in 18 patients.

材料与方法臂丛神经损伤患者46例，传统锁骨上前入路副神经移位恢复肩关节外展功能；受区神经：肩胛上神经35例(上臂丛神经损伤21例，全臂丛神经损伤14例)，腋神经11例(上臂丛神经损伤5例，全臂丛神经损伤6例)；术后随访肩关节外展功能的恢复，并对来院随访患者随访检查其斜方肌各部肌力及电生理的变化。

Outcomes in patients with suprascapular nerve as recipient was significantly better than that in patients with axillary nerve as recipient, So the suprascapular nerve should be selected as the best choice of recipient; And functional deficit occured in upper, middle and lower portions of trapezius after the traditional spinal accessory nerve transfer.

副神经移位治疗臂丛神经损伤恢复肩关节外展功能，修复肩胛上神经的疗效优于修复腋神经，应把移位修复肩胛上神经作为首选；传统锁骨上前入路手术后斜方肌各部功能有明显下降。

Results The trapezius muscle was innervated by the spinal accessory nerve and some of the anterior rami of the cervical plexus.

结果 斜方肌的神经支配来源于副神经占 10 0 %；来源于 C2～ 4神经根及 C5 神经根，分别占 10 0 %、45 %。

Inosculating the facial nerve with accessory nerve by end to end is an effective method to recover the function of the facial nerve.

采用副神经与面神经端端吻合是一种有效的面神经功能重建方法。

No labeled motoneurons were found in the facial nucleus. Labled motoneurons were ipslaterally abolished after the cranial rootlets of accessory...

悬雍垂肌是疑核内运动神经元的轴突，经副神经延脑根出颅，再经由迷走神经咽支进行支配。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。