副现象论

Dissatisfaction with Descartes's efforts to answer this question bred amended versions of the Cartesian framework taken up in Chapter 3: parallelism, occasionalism, epiphenomenalism, idealism.

由于对笛卡尔的解决反感的不满，形成了很多笛卡尔框架下的修正版本，这在第三章：平行论、偶因论、副现象论，观念论。

Like occasionalism, it presupposes theism, and, unlike occasionalism, it entails either that free will does not exist or that free will is compatible with determinism. The theory called epiphenomenalism simply denies that the metal can affect the physical, and contents itself with an explanation of why the mental appears to affect the physical.

前定和谐论类似偶然论预设了有神论，不类似偶然论，它导出"或者自由意志是不存在的，或者自由意志和决定论相容"）被称为"副现象论"的理论简单拒绝了精神对物理的作用，满足于去解释为什么"精神会表现出对物理的作用"。

Can a physical thing have non-physical properties—might it be that mental properties like "thinking of Vienna" or "perceiving redly" are non-physical properties of physical organisms?

物理主义会不会导出精神事件和事态不能是真正的原因（即，物理主义是否导出某种类型的副现象论）？

We are left with a virulent new form of epiphenomenalism.

我们持有的是副现象论的一个新的更为严格的版本。

You might, in the end, be driven to embrace a position that seemed antecedently unattractive – epiphenomenalism, for instance.

最后或许你会持有这样的立场：副现象论等（这些之前不受到注意的理论）。

The oddness of epiphenomenalism is exacerbated by the fact that the relationship between consciousness and reports about consciousness seems to be something of a lucky coincidence, on the epiphenomenalist view.

副现象的奇怪性，被'意识'和'关于意识的报告'之间的关系的事实加强了，似乎是偶然的相合，按副现象论。

As I see things, the best options for a non-reductionist are type-D dualism, type-E dualism, or type-F monism: that is, interactionism, epiphenomenalism, or panprotopsychism.

如我看到，最好的观点，非还原的，是D类，E类和F类：即，相互作用论、副现象论或泛主心理论。

Like occasionalism, it presupposes theism, and, unlike occasionalism, it entails either that free will does not exist or that free will is compatible with determinism. The theory called epiphenomenalism simply denies that the metal can affect the physical, and contents itself with an explanation of why the mental appears to affect the physical.

前定和谐论类似偶然论预设了有神论，不类似偶然论，它导出&或者自由意志是不存在的，或者自由意志和决定论相容&）被称为&副现象论&的理论简单拒绝了精神对物理的作用，满足于去解释为什么&精神会表现出对物理的作用&。

Which means, for preference, to explain how they can interact, and, failing this, to render plausible either epiphenomenalism (the view that the mental is produced by the physical, but has no influence back on the physical)or parallelism(the view that mental and physical realms "march in step," but without either causally interacting with the other).

这意味着，必须优先对心灵与身体之间如何相互影响作出解释，否则就会堕入似是而非的副现象论（这一观点认为，心理状态是由身体产生，但是却不能反过来影响身体），或平行论（这一观点认为，心理与身体同步行进，但却互不影响）。

Type-E dualism holds that phenomenal properties are ontologically distinct from physical properties, and that the phenomenal has no effect on the physical.28 This is the view usually known as epiphenomenalism (hence type-E): physical states cause phenomenal states, but not vice versa.

E类二元论认为现象属性在存有上区别于物理属性，现象对物理没有因果作用。[28]这个观点常常被称为副现象论（所以称为E理论，副现象『epiphenomenalism』的E）：物理事态导致现象事态，但反之不可。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。