副热带的

The STE dominated by the intrusion of stratospheric air has been testified as a cause of ozone enhancement in upper troposphere over East Asia at the end of March 2001. This STE relates to the surface high moving southward, the upper cold eddy deepening and drifting eastward, the convergence of Subtropical Jet and Polar Front Jet associated with the cold front, the increasing temperature gradient near the jets, and the enhancing baroclinic instability.

天气诊断和动力分析表明，2001年3月底东亚地区几个臭氧探空测站探测到的对流层上层臭氧增加是以平流层空气下传为主的STE过程导致的，此过程与地面冷高压南下、高空冷涡加深东移的天气过程、以及冷锋推进引起的副热带急流和极锋急流的移动和汇合、急流附近的温度梯度加大、斜压不稳定增强等动力因素密切相关。

In the article, we analysised the rainstorm process using conventional information, encryption data, strength ,speed and wind profile data of Doppler radar, discussed the atmospheric circulation system in the westing process of the subtropical high; revealed the different reasons caused two heavy precipitation (more than 10 mm per hour) and the possibility of small and medium-scale system existed, displayed the vertical distribution of the wind field over the stations in the rainstorm process and the close relationship between the transmission., strengthen of the level air-jet and the heavy precipitation, and then proved that the heavy precipitation was caused by the transmission and strengthen of the low-level jet.

利用常规资料，加密观测资料，多普勒雷达强度、速度和风廓线资料等对本过程进行周密细致的分析。探讨了在副热带高压西进过程中与之相配合的大气环流形势和影响系统；揭示了造成两次强降水（1小时大于10 mm以上）的不同原因和中小尺度系统存在的可能性；展示了暴雨过程中测站上空垂直风场的分布特点以及风廓线高低空急流下传和加强与强降水的密切关系，证明了强降水的产生主要由低空急流的下传和加强引起的。

From the study, it is higlighted the importance of the effect of the land-sea distrution and topography on the formation and varitaion of the SH, and it is generally improved our knowledgement on the formation of the global subtropical climate pattern.

本项目的研究提高了我们对海陆分布和地形在副高形成和变异中的重要性的认识，从总体上加深了对全球副热带气候型形成的了解。

Based on the review of the description of subtropical high and the research on its formation, fluctuation characteristics and physical mechanisms, it is found that the subtropical high is refered to the area where pressure is relatively larger. Its formation is due to the existence of mean meridional circulation that accumulates air mass to subtropical areas. The subtropical high is belt-like with meridionally non-uniform feature and this is a zonal mean point of view.

通过对副高的描述、形成及演变特征和物理机理的研究进行回顾，认为：副高是相对的气压的高值，是由于平均经圈环流的存在，使得有空气质量在副热带地区的堆积而形成的，成为带状，表现出在经度方向的不均匀，这是一种纬向平均的观点；同时，在这个平均的高压带上常常有闭合的单体存在，表现出纬向的不均匀。

The forecasting of turning typhoon is a difficulty, In this paper, the circulations of six turnning typhoons and their relationship with westerly in 2008 are analysed to get the conclusions below: weather typhoon would turn or not is in close relation to westerly when it betweens continenta1 high and West Pacific subtropical high?

分析了2008年6个东北转向台风的环流形势及其与西风槽等的关系，得出当台风处于大陆高压和西太平洋副热带高压之间的中纬度西风槽前时，其转向与西风槽密切相关的结论。

And the westward ISO is usually the low-frequency low and high pressure systems from the Bay of Alaska in northeastern Pacific and the Okhotsk in the northwestern Pacific of mid high latitudes, and the ISO evolving in subtropical easterlies.

进一步分析发现，经向风ISO的纬向传播对应着大气经向型环流系统的移动，向西传影响东亚夏季风区降水的ISO有来自低纬中东太平洋东风流中的低频气旋（如副热带东风带中ISO的演变）；也有来自中高纬度阿拉斯加湾及鄂霍次克海一带低频低压和高压(如阻塞高压和东北太平洋高压)的向南向西频散。

The results show that for the global scale characteristics of the vertically integrated vapor flux fields, which is described in terms of the rotational and divergent components of the stationary parts of the vapor field, both GOALS and FGCM--0 can reproduce the subtropical gyres in each hemisphere, the eastward water va- por transport of the mid--latitude westerlies, and the westward vapor transport of equatorial easterlies reasonably, though the precise positions of the gyres simulated by GOALS, and the intensities of the gyre centers in FGCM--0 do not match the observations accurately.

结果表明：(1)对垂直积分的水汽通量场的流函数及其对应的无辐散水汽通量矢量的模拟，三个耦合模式都能够较为合理地再现副热带大洋的涡旋结构、中纬度西风带的东向水汽输送、赤道东风带的西向水汽输送和东亚夏季风水汽输送等行星尺度特征及其季节变化，只是GOALS的涡旋位置、FGCM-0的涡旋中心强度，较之实际略有偏差。

For the climatic characteristics of the onset of the SCS summer monsoon, results reveal: 1 the SCS summer monsoon brusts at the 4th pentad in May; 2 the onset of the SCS summer monsoon is closely related to the southwesterly monsoon over the eastern Bay of Bengal, as induced by the intensification and eastward advancement of the latter; 3 the rainy season of the SCS summer monsoon bursts after the onset of the SCS summer monsoon basically; and 4 the atmospheric circulations exhibit rapid changes at different heights over the SCS and its adjacent districts, during the establishment peroid of the SCS summer monsoon, these include: i in lower troposphere, the southward expansion and deepening of the Indo-Burma trough; ii in middle troposphere, the rapid easterward retreat of the western Pacific subtropicl high form the SCS region, iii in upper troposphere, the fast radiation of the easterlies form the center of the SCS region to the whole of it apparently.

对于南海夏季风建立的气候特征，研究发现：(1)南海夏季风的建立具有爆发性，爆发的时间是5月第4候。(2)南海夏季风的建立与孟加拉湾东部西南季风有密切的关系，是孟加拉湾西南季风发展和东移的结果。(3)南海的夏季风雨季基本上是随着夏季风建立而建立的。(4)在南海夏季风建立期间，南海及其邻近地区高低空环流都有急速的变化，在对流层低层表现为印缅槽的南扩和加深，在对流层中层表现为西太平洋副热带高压迅速东移撤出南海地区，在对流层高层最明显的变化是东风带迅速地从南海中部向北扩展到整个南海地区。

Among these factors the effects of the Atlantic subtropical high on locusts occurrence are mainly caused by ground surface temperature that is affected by the Atlantic subtropical high in autumn and winter when the locusts live through and incubate; Therefore the occurrence, the development and the harmfulness of the locust as well as its amount of eggs and imagos are impacted.

其中大西洋副热带高压对我国东亚飞蝗发生的影响主要是由于影响了秋冬季节蝗卵孵化和越冬期间的地面温度，从而影响了蝗卵基数和蝗卵孵化为成虫的数量，进而影响着我国东亚飞蝗发生、发展、危害情况的变化。

In the experiment focused on decadal changes, GCMs reproduce the observed NAO shifts in recent decades by imposing strengthening trends on stratospheric wind. The cooling belt extending from North Africa to subtropical Eurasia is simulated accompanying the strengthening of NAO. East end of this cooling belt reaches the eastern flank of Tibetan Plateau.

在强调年代际变化的实验中，通过在平流层中强迫出水平风场的线性增强趋势，大气环流模式可以模拟出近几十年间冬季NAO指数的年代际上升；伴随着NAO正位相的增强，模式可以再现北非至副热带欧亚大陆的冷却带，且其东端可以到达青藏高原下游地区。

For a big chunk of credit-card losses; the number of filings (and thus charge-off rates) would be rising again, whether

年美国个人破产法的一个改动使得破产登记急速下降，而后引起了信用卡大规模的亏损。

Eph. 4:23 And that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind

弗四23 而在你们心思的灵里得以更新