剪应变

Simulation of micro-milling process is conducted using finite element method. During modeling, the Johnson-Cook's coupled thermal-mechanical model was employed as workpiece material model, the Johnson-Cook s shear failure principle was adopted as work piece failure principle, and the coupled thermal-mechanical hexahedron strain hybrid modules and adaptive grid were used to remesh the workpiece's elements. The friction between the tool and workpiece obeys the amended coulomb's law that combines with the sliding friction and the adhesive friction.

采用有限元方法对微细铣削过程进行模拟，采用Johnson-Cook热力耦合模型作为工件材料模型，采用Johnson-Cook的剪切失效法则作为工件材料的失效准则，采用热力耦合平面应变杂交单元并使用自适应网格技术进行网格划分，刀具与工件间的摩擦采用滑动摩擦区和粘着摩擦区相结合的修正库仑定律。

The structures and orientation texture evolution of UFG-Copper during AARB were studied and the results were as follows:(1)Whenεis lower or equal to 1.6,the slips happen on grain boundaries and crystal planes owing to the shearing force.There occur many sub-grains possessing small angle boundaries and 5μm grains sizes within the big grains.

研究了大变形异步叠轧制备超细晶铜材过程的组织和取向织构变化情况，结果表明：(1)变形等效应变ε≤1.6时，剪切应力的作用使晶粒与晶粒之间发生滑动，部分晶粒内部晶面发生滑移，大晶粒内部转变为许多具有小角度晶界、大小为5个微米的亚晶。

Based on the theory of large deformation and using the differential geometry.

基于有限变形原理，采用微分几何的方法推导了不考虑剪切、转动惯量和翘曲影响的曲梁的三维变形的应力应变关系。

Experimental study of stress-strain relationship of normally consolidated intact soft clay in Hangzhou under undrained fixed shear of principal stress direction and monotonic rotation of principal stress axis had been done, which was used to reflect the soil properties response to the monotonic rotation of principal stress axis under real engineering conditions.

为反映真实工程条件下主应力轴旋转应力路径引起土体性状的变化，对杭州地区正常固结原状软黏土在固结不排水的主应力轴定向剪切和主应力轴单调旋转条件下的应力-应变关系进行试验研究。

And established the mechanics model,optimization parameter model,optimization mathematics model for the elastic element of the extensometer,programs analysis file and optimization control file by using the ANSYS parameter design language.

解析设计方法：依据弹性元件的受力特点建立其力学模型，运用已成熟的力学理论，如薄板弯曲理论、梁弯曲理论、柱拉压理论、剪切理论等获得弹性体的应力应变的解析值，从而获得目标函数和状态变量的解析值。

K. H. Roscoe and his fellows of Cambridge University established the first elastoplastic model of soils which is based on classical plastic theory in 1963. However, due to the complexity of soils, the models that based on the classical metal constitutive theory or its modification accounting on the nature of soils have still much limitation when used to express the soil mechanical behavior. For example, the Duncan-Chang's model based on the generalized Hooke's law can not express the dilatancy of the soils. The uniqueness assumption of the direction of the incremental plastic strain in the classical plastic constitutive theory is not in agreement with some soil experiments.

但由于土的复杂性，目前以传统的本构理论为基础考虑土的一些特性而建立的模型在反映土体的力学特性上还存在很大的局限性，如建立于广义虎克定律基础上的Duncan—Chang模型不能反映土的剪胀性，传统的塑性本构理论中认为塑性应变增量方向具有唯一性的假设与一些土体的试验结果不符合。

Hypoplastic constitutive theory, which was originated from the middle and late stage of the 20th century, is a new type of soil constitutive theory based on rational mechanics. Hypoplastic theory can reflect inelasticity, nonlinearity, dilatancy and other main mechanical properties of granular material.

亚塑性本构理论是20世纪中晚期发展起来的一类基于有理力学的新型的连续介质本构建模理论，主要用于刻画无黏性散粒型上体的非弹性、非线性及剪胀性等主要应力应变特性。

By using the conformal mapping technique and the Laurent series expansion, a group of equations to predict effective bulk modulus and transverse shear modulus of multiphase fiber composites was obtained.

通过解析函数的保角变换与罗朗级数展开，获得了相应问题的解。根据复合材料平均应力与应变关系，获得了混杂纤维复合材料横向剪切模量和体积模量的预测公式。

Based on the assumed natural strain theory,this paper has studied a novel macro triangular partition shell element .

针对剪切闭锁效应，本文研究了一种基于假设自然应变方法的宏观三角形分区平板壳单元。

The ratio of the magnitude of an applied shear stress to the velocity gradient that it produces; that is, a measure of a noncrystalline material's resistance to permanent deformation.

剪切应力数值与其产生应变速率的比值叫粘性，用来衡量非晶材料抵抗永久变形的能力。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。