剪切应变

Composite materials with doubly periodic rigid line inclusions under antiplane shear in an infinite medium are discussed.

利用微结构的周期性和平均应力/应变定理得到了复合材料有效反平面剪切模量的精确公式。

By using TCN—AN numerical torsion testing machine, the torque of Cast Iron Materials under pure shearing is measured, and its strain is also measured through XL2101B2 static strain meter, adopting method of whole bridge connection. Based on the above experiment equipments and all the measurement results, method of torsion of circular shaft is designed to measure Elastic Modulus of Cast Iron Materials.

通过 TCN—AN数控扭转试验机测量处于纯剪切状态下铸铁试件的扭矩，采用全桥接线法，使用XL2101B2静态应变仪测量铸铁试件的应变，基于以上两种实验仪器及其测量的结果，发展了圆轴扭转法来测量铸铁材料的弹性模量。

Simulation of micro-milling process is conducted using finite element method. During modeling, the Johnson-Cook's coupled thermal-mechanical model was employed as workpiece material model, the Johnson-Cook s shear failure principle was adopted as work piece failure principle, and the coupled thermal-mechanical hexahedron strain hybrid modules and adaptive grid were used to remesh the workpiece's elements. The friction between the tool and workpiece obeys the amended coulomb's law that combines with the sliding friction and the adhesive friction.

采用有限元方法对微细铣削过程进行模拟，采用Johnson-Cook热力耦合模型作为工件材料模型，采用Johnson-Cook的剪切失效法则作为工件材料的失效准则，采用热力耦合平面应变杂交单元并使用自适应网格技术进行网格划分，刀具与工件间的摩擦采用滑动摩擦区和粘着摩擦区相结合的修正库仑定律。

The structures and orientation texture evolution of UFG-Copper during AARB were studied and the results were as follows:(1)Whenεis lower or equal to 1.6,the slips happen on grain boundaries and crystal planes owing to the shearing force.There occur many sub-grains possessing small angle boundaries and 5μm grains sizes within the big grains.

研究了大变形异步叠轧制备超细晶铜材过程的组织和取向织构变化情况，结果表明：(1)变形等效应变ε≤1.6时，剪切应力的作用使晶粒与晶粒之间发生滑动，部分晶粒内部晶面发生滑移，大晶粒内部转变为许多具有小角度晶界、大小为5个微米的亚晶。

Based on the theory of large deformation and using the differential geometry.

基于有限变形原理，采用微分几何的方法推导了不考虑剪切、转动惯量和翘曲影响的曲梁的三维变形的应力应变关系。

The result shows that the relationship between stress and strain can be described by Hardin model.

试验结果表明：该尾矿砂的动应力应变关系可用Hardin等效黏弹性模型描述，模型中的起始动剪切模量和最大动剪应力皆随固结应力比和有效固结围压的增大而增大，这两个参数与有效固结轴压成幂函数关系，且其受固结应力的影响较小。

The apparatus for static and dynamic universal triaxial and torsional shear soil testing is employed to perform stress-controlled cyclic coupled vertical and torsional shear test by different cyclic stress paths. Through a series of tests on saturated clay, the dynamic deformation, stress-strain relationship and dynamic strength are systematically investigated under rotation of principal stress axes.

针对饱和黏土，利用土工静力－动力液压三轴－扭转多功能扭剪仪进行了均等固结下的耦合循环剪切试验，着重研究了不同循环应力路径对应力－应变关系和强度特性的影响。

Employing the Hopkinson torsion-tension combination bar system, the constitutive relations of soft aluminum under torsion-tension combined high strain—rate was obtained, The constitutive relations of Monel alloy under Dual—direction shearing high strain—rate was also investigated after special modification of above apparatus.

本文还利用分离式扭—拉复台霍布金森杆设备测试软铝在高应变率扭—拉复合载荷作用下的本构关系，并将该设备经特殊改装测试了蒙纳尔合金在高应变率双向剪切下的力学特性，目前也尚未见这方面的公开资料。

According to the result of test for localization and shear bands formation under the consolidated undrained plane strain compression test on soft clay in Shanghai, the calculation model and parameters for method of foundation pit enclosing are discussed in this paper and some useful conclusions are obtained.

根据上海软土在固结不排水平面应变压缩试验条件下，应变局部化和剪切带形成的实测研究结果，对基坑围护理论的计算模型和计算参数作了探讨，得到了一些有价值的结论。

First, based on the relations of stress and strain between the whole medium and its macroscopically isotropic constituents, an explicit relation between elastic matrices of the whole medium and its constituents was derived. Combining the explicit relation of elastic matrices with the strain's relation, two coefficient tensors were defined and analyzed to get a general relation between the hulk and shear modulus of the whole medium under the assumption that all the field variables are in a unified coordinate system. Secondly, combining these relations with the classical Hashin-Shtrikman elastic modulus bounds, four new expressions of elastic medium of the whole medium were obtained and compared with the original hounds. Last, these formulae were applied in the computation of effective elastic moduli of clean sandstone saturated with pore water.

首先基于整体介质与宏观各向同性组分满足的应力和应变组分关系，推导出整体介质弹性矩阵与组分弹性矩阵之间的显式关系，联合其应变关系，定义和分析了对应的两个系数张童，并据此导出了相关场变量位于统一坐标系时整体介质体积模量与剪切模量的关系；然后将经典的Hashin-Shtrikman弹性模量边界模型与上述关系式结合，得到4个新的整体介质弹性模量的估算公式，再与原始的Hashin-Shtrikman弹性模量边界进行了比较，最后针对饱和水纯净砂岩介质进行了试算。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。