剪切变形

It is found that the main source of fillet weld's angle distortion is the inherent shear strain component ε but not the transverse inherent normal component.

结果发现：角焊缝产生角变形的主要根源是固有剪切应变，而不是传统思维认为的横向固有正应变，且角变形的大小与固有剪切应变的分布形式密切相关。

In chapter 2, a tangent stiffness matrix formula of four-node C〓 element for the laminated plate is deduced, which is based on the first order shear deformation theory and the Von-Karman nonlinear deformation assumption.

第二章首先给出了在一阶剪切效应和Von-Karman大挠度理论下复合材料层合板的几何关系，然后基于单元域内和边界一致概念，推导了在大变形下"无剪切闭锁"的层合板单元切线刚度阵，并给出了复合材料层合板后屈曲分析的有限元平衡方程。

Based on investigating the short and intermittent structural plane, surrounding rockmass of the huge underground powerhouse in Three Gorge has been divided into five statistical similar areas according to its characteristic of rockmass structure by applying structure plane network simulation. Distributed characteristic of structural plane has been studied and based on it mechanics macrocharacteristic has been studied:(1) It is the first time that based on the result of structural plane network simulation rockmass quality of every structure area has been studied with applying blurred information optimum seeking technique and be compared with and RQD method. The result indicated that it has better effect to evaluate rock quality with blurred information optimum seeking technique.(2) It is the first time that the interrelated relationship of the result of in-suit rockmass deformation test and fractal characteristic of structure on test point has been applied to determine rockmass deformation parameter. The question of evaluating deformation parameters of engineering rockmass has been solved.(3) Anisotropy strength parameters have been determined by applying shear zones simulating method. The result indicated that there are different strength parameters in every structural area, after comparing the result of Fast Lagranian Analysis in continua number simulation method with that of method of weighted mean according to continuity. The result indicated that when a suitable reduction coefficient is been considered rockmass strength parameters can be simply and fast determined with method of weighted mean according to continuity where there is not enough test result.(4) Damage characteristic has been studied based on analysis fractal characteristic of structural plane network by applying fractal-damage coupling method. It is the first time that the concept of damage degree has been set up to evaluate rockmass quality according to the biggest principal damage.

通过对短小、断续性结构面统计特征的研究，将地下厂房区划分为五个岩体结构统计均质区，应用结构面网络模拟技术研究了各个岩体结构均质区结构面的发育分布特征，并以此为基础对岩体宏观力学特性进行了深入研究：(1)首次通过在结构面网络模拟计算结果的基础上，应用模糊信息优化技术研究了厂房区各个岩体结构分区的岩体质量并与岩体基本质量指标研究法、岩体质量指标RQD值研究法作了对比，结果表明以结构面网络模拟结果为基础，应用模糊信息优化技术进行岩体质量评价能够取得很好的效果，解决了工程岩体质量的定量评价问题；(2)首次通过对已有的现场大型岩体变形试验结果的分析及相应试验点岩体结构分形特征的研究，建立了结构面分布的分形维数和岩体变形指标间的相关关系，并首次应用这种相关关系根据结构面网络模拟及分形维数计算结果确定了缺少试验结果的地下厂房各工程部位的岩体变形指标而且应用于围岩稳定性计算，解决了工程岩体宏观变形参数的评价问题；(3)应用在结构面模拟网络图上模拟岩体剪切破坏带的方法，得出了岩体在不同方向上的强度参数，结果表明岩体的强度特性与结构面的发育方向和程度有着明显的关系，各个岩体结构均质区具有不同的强度参数；同时还通过应用拉格朗日差分法对岩体强度指标的数值分析并与按连通率加权平均计算法对比表明，按连通率加权平均计算法在考虑合理的折减系数情况下，可以简单快速地对缺少现场大型试验结果的具体工程部位实现岩体强度指标的估计，通过以上研究解决了工程岩体抗剪强度参数的评价问题；(4)通过结构面网络分形维数的研究，应用分形损伤耦合分析方法，研究了厂房区岩体的损伤特征，并首次引入"损伤度"的概念，建立了应用最大主损伤评价岩体质量的指标体系。

Vibration processing/molding has been recently developed, in which polymer melt essentially flows or deforms under periodic stress in direct/superposed mechanical oscillation or ultrasonic vibration shear/pressure so that the flow field and some physical processes are varied.

近年来出现了振动加工成型，其实质是在机械振动、超声波的直接作用或叠加在剪切、压力流上，使聚合物熔体在周期性变化的应力下流动和变形，从而改变流场类型、强化流场强度和一些物化过程。振动会影响材料的粘度和松弛行为，所以也会影响分子扩散和剪切速率敏感的共混等过程。

A "successive integration method" was firstly applied to the calculation of the plastic strain in large deformation analysis. By this method, it is easily to distinguish different resolved shear stresses and shear strain rate in different slip systems.

将"连续积分方法"首次应用到大变形弹塑性有限元分析中，使得晶体塑性模型能够区分出不同滑移系上分解剪切应力及相应产生的剪切应变，更好地反映金属材料塑性变形的微观特性。

It is proposed that the value να, which is a product of grinding speed and undeformed chip thickness, is an important parameter determining the deforming mechanism of material at the grain shearing zone.

并首次提出磨削速度ν与未变形切屑厚度α的乘积να是决定磨粒剪切区变形机制的重要参数。

Natural deformational zones are commonly the result of general shear, a combination of pure shear （coaxial contraction or extension） and simple shear.

天然变形带通常是一般剪切作用的产物，是纯剪切和简单剪切的组合。

The quartz in this region shows a array of deformations from High-temperature -High pressure condition to crust environments: coesite → the high-temperature quartz → sheared quartz vein → feldspathic shear zone (the quartz from two-mica schist)→ the ordinary quartz in eclogites.

7本区石英的变形构成了一个从高温高压到中上地壳的连续变形序列：柯石英→榴辉岩中高温石英→剪切石英脉→长英质剪切带(超高压二云母片岩中石英)→榴辉岩中普通静态重结晶石英。

Finite strain measures and kinematic vorticity analysis of deformed granite in mylonitic zone show that ductile shear zone is between plane strain and constraint strain and belongs to lengthening-thinning shear zone. Sub-striking stretch lineation in ductile shear zone and dip strea on brittle fault surface are not result of transferring of lineation but production of different deformations.

糜棱岩带变形花岗岩的有限应变测量和运动学涡度分析显示剪切带总体应变为介于平面应变与拉长应变之间的类型，属一般加长-减薄剪切带；断层系中近走向线理和倾向擦痕不是线理转化的结果，而是不同阶段变形的产物。

Study on west Namco thrust Three ductile shear zones were discovered in Gayalong, Elongnubu and Shenjue-Gechangchayu, and geological features, deformation, motion direction and structural pattern are studied in detail for major thrust faults, ductile shear zones and folds in west bank of Namco Lake, leading to identification of west Namco thrust . And west Namco thrust and ophiolite mélanges outcropped from west Namco Lake to Yongzhuzangbu coexist together, indicating another tectonic suture in the Tibetan Plateau termed as the Namco-Yongzhu suture or NYS with its east extension to Jiali fault.

纳木错逆冲推覆构造研究：发现纳木错西岸嘎龙垭韧性变形带、饿弄怒布舍糜棱岩带和生觉—各昌茶玉韧性剪切带，详细观测典型逆冲断层的地质特征、变形特点、运动方向和序次关系，分析逆冲断层、褶皱构造、韧性剪切带的几何配置关系和动力学成因联系；分析纳木错逆冲推覆构造的空间影响范围，向东延伸与嘉黎逆冲断裂相连接，向西延伸与果忙错—永珠藏布构造带相归并，与纳木错西岸蛇绿岩、永珠藏布—果忙错蛇绿岩共同组成拉萨地块中部最重要的区域构造，命名为纳木错—永珠缝合带。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。