剪下

A theoretical model for calculating the cutting angle with different crystal planes, orientations and tool orthogonal rakes are described in this paper. It is built with the ultra-precision cutting model by the principle of the maximum specific energy of shear deformation and the mechanism of change of the shear modulus with...

本文利用剪切变形比能最大及单晶材料不同晶面晶向剪切弹性模量不同的原理，结合超精密切削模型，从理论上计算出不同晶面、不同晶向及不同刀具前角超精密切削条件下的剪切角，得到其在不同切削条件下的变化规律，并由此解释了切削加工中由KDP晶体各向异性所导致的工件表面粗糙度的各向异性。

Through making diagrams using matlab program ,first we must know submits the shearing force coefficientα_s, the space characteristic Tg, stiffness concern a modulusβ, biggest shearing force coefficientα_.Then we can get shaking tier of base shearing force modulusαand shaking tier of displacement across D, which will define structure basis shearing force F_ and verify if structure displacement D satisfy standard structure request displacement . Therefore, the designer can estimate the earthquake reaction of the composite base isolation structure directly.

通过matlab编程，制作图表，在给定屈服剪力系数α_s，场地特征周期T_g ，刚度关系系数β，最大剪力系数α_情况下，可得到隔震层基底剪力系数α和隔震层位移D，从而确定结构基底剪力F_，并验证结构位移D是否满足规范结构要求位移，设计人员可以直接估算出复合隔震结构的地震反应。

In the analysis of stability of rock mass slope, the resistance to shearing of slipping plane of rock mass slope, one of the most important parameters, is very difficult to determine.

基于岩体抗剪强度是多种因素影响下的随机变量这一认识前提下，本文以西柏坡"中共中央解放军总部"旧址滑坡为例提出了确定岩体斜坡滑动面抗剪强度的动态反分析方法，并对该方法获得的抗剪强度的实用性进行了分析。

Through establishing frame-shear wall structure unisonous differential eguation and finding a result,the side shifting curve,moment and shear force distribution curve are obtained under inverted triangle load action onthe frame-shear wall structure.After analyzing and comparing,the range of best rigid characteristics for such structure has be gotten.

通过建立框-剪结构协同工作的微分方程及求解，得出框-剪结构在倒三角形荷载作用下的侧移曲线、弯矩、剪力分布曲线，经分析对比，得出框-剪结构最佳刚度特征值区间。

Under torch brazing condition, using brazing filler metals of Cu-based and Ag-based, a series of tests are investigated to braze Ti based cermets and 45 steel, the micrographic structure of joints and shearing test results are analyzed, they show that Ti based cermets has good brazability.

通过观察和分析钎焊接头的结合情况及剪切试验，表明 Ti基金属陶瓷具有较好的钎焊性；火焰钎焊条件下，以 H 6 2为钎料的接头的平均剪切强度为37MPa，以 BAg10 Cu Zn为钎料的接头的剪切强度达 114 MPa，以 BCu Zn Mn为钎料的接头的平均剪切强度为 4 9MP

Combined crystallization kinetics analysis obtained via rheometry and morphological observation of crystals growth performed on POM, two different mechanisms of shear-enhanced crystallization for PP/ grafted MWCNTs composites were suggested:(1) at low temperature, strong heterogeneous nucleation plays a dominant role on the. crystallization behavior, which would be saturated at a higher filler content, and the effect of shear-enhanced crystallization was weak;(2) at high temperature, the effect of heterogeneous nucleation was substantially depressed, and the crystallization of the composite was obviously accelerated by pre-shear and the thread-like crystallites were generated earlier than the spherulites.

结合流变测试结果和热台偏光显微镜观察的结晶形貌发展过程，对于PP／G—MWCNTs体系得到了两个不同的剪切影响机理：(1)在低温条件下，强烈的异相成核作用对结晶行为的影响占主导优势，而剪切作用对结晶的影响十分微弱，同时，在填料含量较高是，异相成核作用具有饱和性；(2)在高温条件下，异相成核作用被抑制，复合体系的结晶主要受到预剪切作用的影响，并且纤维状晶体较球晶更易生成。

Based on the results from a series of simple shear tests for simulation a reinforced cut -- off slope with steelbars, this paper proposes a calculation method to evaluate the shear resistance and effect of the reinforcing materialsinvoking the theory of the lateral resistance of foundation pile.

本文在综合分析插筋补强土体剪切试验基础上，参考横向受力桩所受剪切力的计算方法，提出了用于评价插筋横向抗剪作用及其产生的补强效果的理论计算方法；并据此计算方法对试验条件下插筋在变形不连续面位置的剪力及由此剪力产生的抗剪补强效果进行了计算；然后将计算结果与试验的实测结果进行了分析对比，结果表明理论计算方法在一定的土体变形范围具有良好的精度和适用性。

After the result of cohesion-friction model is compared with Coulomb Criterion, it is found that when the results of shearing strength are many and adjacent the strength parameters can not be regressed by least square method, instead the results should be divided into some beelines at that time according to the cohesion-friction model.(4) Discuss the characters of hard structural plane and weak structural plane: The adhesive friction theory is applied to research the changing course of shear area of hard structural plane and its influence on shear stress.

3介绍了岩石强度理论中的粘接摩擦模型，运用此模型分析依附型滑动面的演化过程，并将其推广到边坡岩土体抗剪强度的选取，讨论了不同法向应力下峰值强度和残余强度随法向应力的变化规律，在此基础上给出抗剪强度的选取模式，讨论了对实际取值结果的影响，并与传统的Coulomb准则进行了比较分析，指出直剪试验的法向应力在小应力区的点较多且抗剪强度结果差异不大时，不宜直接运用最小二乘法回归抗剪强度参数，此时应结合粘接摩擦模型对结果进行线性分段。

Introduce the cohesion-friction model of rock strength theory, and extend the model to select the strength of sliding plane, discuss the variation rules of peak strength and residual strength under different normal stress, and then present the selection model of shearing strength. After the result of cohesion-friction model is compared with Coulomb Criterion, it is found that when the results of shearing strength are many and adjacent the strength parameters can not be regressed by least square method, instead the results should be divided into some beelines at that time according to the cohesion-friction model.(4) Discuss the characters of hard structural plane and weak structural plane: The adhesive friction theory is applied to research the changing course of shear area of hard structural plane and its influence on shear stress.

3介绍了岩石强度理论中的粘接摩擦模型，运用此模型分析依附型滑动面的演化过程，并将其推广到边坡岩土体抗剪强度的选取，讨论了不同法向应力下峰值强度和残余强度随法向应力的变化规律，在此基础上给出抗剪强度的选取模式，讨论了对实际取值结果的影响，并与传统的Coulomb准则进行了比较分析，指出直剪试验的法向应力在小应力区的点较多且抗剪强度结果差异不大时，不宜直接运用最小二乘法回归抗剪强度参数，此时应结合粘接摩擦模型对结果进行线性分段。

The results show that the plasticity zone and dynamically quiescent layer become fine equiaxed recrystallisation under the thermo-mechanical effect, the grains in the heat-affected zone grow up because of the effect of friction heat. When the rotation speed is 2 500 r/min and the welding time is 12 s, good joint is achieved, and the tensile shear strength of the joint reaches 9.24 kN. The tensile shear strength of spot increases with increasing tool rotation speed, with increasing welding time, the strength increases first, while then reduces. The microhardness of plasticity zone is high, but is slightly lower than that of the base metal, the minimum value of microhardness is in the heat affected zone. When the energy input of joint is high, the fracture type of spot is mode Ⅰ, and the tensile shear strength is high; on the contrary, when the energy input of joint is less the fracture type of spot is mode Ⅱ, and the strength is low.

结果表明：塑性区和动态静止层的晶粒在热和力作用下发生动态再结晶形成细小的等轴晶，热影响区的晶粒在摩擦热作用下长大变粗；搅拌头旋转速度为2 500 r/min，焊接时间为12 s时，可以获得力学性能较好的焊点，焊点的剪切强度达到9.24 kN；焊点的剪切强度随搅拌头旋转速度的增大而增大，随焊接时间的延长先增大后减小；塑性区的显微硬度较高，但略小于母材，接头显微硬度的最小值分布在热影响区；焊点热输入量较多时，接头为Ⅰ型断裂，焊点的剪切强度较高；焊点热输入量较少时，接头为Ⅱ型断裂，焊点的强度较低。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。