剖腹

The results observed showed that pathological changes consisting of destructive meningoencephalitis and large, basophilic, intranuclear and acidophilous intracy toplasmic neuronal inclusions of viral type occurred in the fetal mouse brain.

待雌鼠临产时剖腹取出胎鼠脑双侧大脑皮层，进行病毒分离、病理学检测及用地高辛标记的HCMV寡核苷酸探针对大脑皮层细胞压印片进行原位分子杂交检测。

The other tumor that occurs in the abdominal wall is the desmoid tumor, which arises from the fascia or aponeurosis of muscles.

发生于腹壁的另一肿瘤是纤维瘤，其起源于筋膜或肌肉的腱膜，常发生于以前剖腹手术的疤痕处，女性病人较男性病人更常见（图16）。

Breech presentation (17%), and cesarean section (58%).

4%-6%、臀位生产(17%)，及剖腹生产(58%)的风险也同样会增加。

The uncovered tracts and the liver wound surface were managed by some of the methods combined such as high frequency electrocoagulation, titanium clamp, suture, hemostatic gauze oppression, argon-beam coagulation, protein glue adherence, and Endo-GIA switcher. The total operative outcome, operating time, blood loss, postoperative complications and postoperative hospital stay were summarized in order to assess feasibility and safety of the clinical laparoscopic liver resection.Results: 1. Laparoscopic liver resection with clamp dissection method needs only the ordinary laparoscopic equipment. It has a low cost but causes a little more bleeding. 2. Laparoscopic liver resection operated by microwave tissue coagulation method had very little bleeding when dissecting hepatic parenchyma. The operative field is clear and the cost is low. It is a safe, convenient and effective method. 3. Ultrasound dissector is a relatively ideal appliance for laparoscopic liver resection at present because ofless bleeding during operation. But the speed is slow thus prolongs the operation time. Its separating intensity is not strong enough, and it can only be applied to patients without hepatic cirrhosis. 4. Ligsure has clamp dissection and electrocoagulation functions. It can carbonize hepatic tissue including the tracts whose diameters are less than 7mm. It has some advantage in dissecting. However, it has the shortcomings of the clamp dissector during coagulating. 5. Hand-assisted laparoscopic liver resection can make use of the flexibility and feeling of the operators left hand.

结果：1、钳夹分离切肝法不需特殊仪器设备，只要具备常规的腹腔镜器械即可实施，成本低，肝断面较易渗血；2、微波固化切肝法肝实质出血很少，视野清晰，成本低，操作简单，是一种安全、简便、有效的方法；3、超声刀是目前较为理想的切肝器械，术中出血少，但是，切割速度慢，手术时间长，而且，切割强度有限，适用于无肝硬化的肝切除；4、Ligsure具有挤压粉碎及高频电凝止血两大功能，可使包括7~以下管道的肝组织碳化、形成焦痴，具有一定的优势，但是，也存在分离钳电凝止血的缺点；5、手辅助腹腔镜肝切除可以利用术者左手的灵活性及手感，便于术中显露、分离、控制出血等，可随意协助右手及助手的主要操作，缩短了手术时间，大大提高了腹腔镜肝切除的安全性，李朝龙等的改良方法，同样达到了手辅助目的，又节省了费用；6、小切口腹腔镜辅助切肝法可以使用剖腹肝切除常规器械及剖腹肝切除技术，操作简单、可靠，适用于肝左外叶切除及右肝第V段切除；7、Endo一GIA切肝法在离断肝组织的同时闭合管道结构，多用于肝左静脉、门静脉分支、管径较大胆管的切割，缺点是不能用于较厚肝组织的切割，而且价格昂贵；8、临床巧例腹腔镜肝切除均获得成功，手术时间最短1.5h，最长sh，平均125 min，多数在100 min左右，手术出血量最少50 ml，最多500 ml，平均1 78 ml，除2例合并严重肝硬化的原发性肝癌患者术后出现少量腹水，1例术后发生胆漏外，其余无并发症，发生胆漏的1例患者术后住院40d，多数在术后一周左右出院，术后住院时间5一40d，平均gd。

Results There's little difference in the operational complicated disease,A-class healing rate of the cut,gut response,use of sedative,the first out-bed activity time after operation and anal exsufflation after operation.

结果 两组手术并发症、切口甲级愈合率、胃肠道反应、使用镇静剂、术后第1次下床活动时间、术后肛门排气时间差异无显著性；小切口剖腹组进入腹腔时间、手术时间较腹腔镜组少，小切口剖腹组费用较腹腔镜组低。

Results There's little difference in the operational complicated disease,A-class healing rate of the cut,gut response,use of sedative,the first out-bed activity time after operation and anal exsufflation after operation.The entry into the venterimus and operation of the small-cut ventrotomy takes less time than the celioscopeoperation does,and the cost of the former is lower.

结果 两组手术并发症、切口甲级愈合率、胃肠道反应、使用镇静剂、术后第1次下床活动时间、术后肛门排气时间差异无显著性；小切口剖腹组进入腹腔时间、手术时间较腹腔镜组少，小切口剖腹组费用较腹腔镜组低。

Methods 24traumatic reputure of diaphragm patients in our hospital were analyzed and reviewed recent10years.Characteristics and reasons of misdiagnosis of diaphragmatic hernia were summed up with method of case analysis.Ventrotomywas un-derwent in24cases,and choracotomy was perfomed in2cases.1underwent abdominothoracic incision,and1case un-derwent choracotomy after ventrotomy.

回顾性分析我院10年来收治的24例膈肌破裂的诊治经过，以实例分析的方法，总结膈疝的特点及误诊原因；手术方法采用剖腹术20例，剖胸术2例，胸腹联合切口1例，剖腹术后剖胸术1例。

Caesarian delivery: A caesarian is usually performed to make delivery safer for you or your baby.

剖腹生产交付：剖腹生产，通常的表现作出交付安全为您或您的宝宝。

Important points for therapy include early diagnosis, early operation and correct handling of indications for exploratory celiotomy, which is the most reliable method for diagnosing duodenal injury.

治疗的成败关键在于能否早期诊断、早期手术和正确及时掌握剖腹探查的适应证，剖腹探查术是诊断十二指肠损伤最可靠的方法。

I remember when I was born my daughter's doctor told me that I fetal position is not correct, it is necessary to open, when I am well aware that section, then if the baby might not奶吃also very detrimental to their own, so I decided to shun the middle, into the delivery room did not expect less than half an hour on the birth , and all are smooth, when I came to realize that the most important strength and confidence...

记得我生我女儿时医生说我胎位不正，要剖腹，当时我很明白如果剖腹的话宝宝可能没奶吃也对自己很不利，所以我下定决心顺产，没想到进产房不到半小时就生下了，而且一切都都有顺利，这时我才明白坚强和信心最重要。。。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。