前翅

Of, relating to, or belonging to the Diptera, a large order of insects that includes the true flies and mosquitoes, characterized by a single pair of membranous wings and a pair of club-shaped balancing organs.

双翅目的双翅目的或与双翅目（是一个昆虫大目，包括真正的蝇、蚊，具有少数前翅有功能，后翅退化成一对小棒状构造的特性）相关的

This new genus is rather similar to Hemeroscopus Pritykina,1977, but differs from the latter in the following characters:(1) hindwing anal loop is smaller, only with 6-7 cells;(2) Rspl is absent;(3) the hindwing vein CuAa is curved and has five distinct posterior branches;(4) the forewing MP is not shortened, reaching the posterior wing margin slightly beyond the level of the nodus;(5) pterostigmata more distinctly braced;(6) the hindwing area between MP and CuAa is narrow, with only one row of cells near the discoidal triangle.

新属与巴依萨昼蜓HemeroscopusPritykina，1977在形态上比较相似，但在演化程度上更为原始，主要体现在下面几个方面：(1)后翅臀套较小，仅有 6～ 7个翅室；(2 )径增脉缺；(3)后翅CuAa脉弯曲，带有 5个明显的后分支；(4 )前翅MP脉不显短，终止于翅后缘近翅结处；(5 )翅痣下有一个明显的支脉；(6 )后翅CuAa和MP域基部较窄，在三角室下方仅有 1排翅室。

To obtain new ideas on optimal composite material structure, the fine structures of the trabeculae of the elytra of Allomyrina dichotoma Linné and Prosopocoilus inclinatus Motschulsky were investigated using scanning electron microscope.

为了从仿生学的角度，获得复合材料构造的最优化设计的指导思想，用扫描电子显微镜考察了独角仙和锹形虫前翅中的小柱微细构造，结果在昆虫形态学方面也得到了一些新的见解1与甲虫前翅上下层相连的小柱，其形状和尺寸的大小因甲虫种类而异。

Wings long and narrow, following the edge of forewing white yellow corrugated tortuous three times, when closure was两翅three adjacent diamond-shaped plaque.

翅狭长，前翅后缘呈黄白色三度曲折的波纹，两翅合拢时呈三个接连的菱形斑。

Wings blackish-brown with two conspicuous ground-yellow maculae on the median cell of forewing and S-shaped outer transversal line with ground-yellow reached two-thirds of posterior margin, and hindwing with a small brownish-black spot on the center of upper and lower surfaces. Average wingspan 24.64 ± 0.58 mm (range = 20.50-28.00mm), and male adults averaged 8.56 ± 0.18 mm long (range = 7.50-9.20mm) by 3.85±0.12 mm wide (range = 3.50-4.80mm).

雄成虫，体长8.56±0.18mm(范围7.50～9.20mm)，翅展24.64±0.58mm(范围20.50～28.00mm)；触角长度不超过前翅的1／2；前翅正面由黑褐色鳞片组成翅的底色，中室端横脉内有一较大的土黄色或桔黄色斑纹，外横线明显、土黄色、从翅前缘伸至后缘呈反"s"形弯曲，到达后缘2／3处；后翅中部有黑褐色小斑。

The results were:The main morphological difference were that the color of squama, median fascia, reniform stigma, orbicular stigma, the part between postmedian fascia and subterminal fascial and terminal hair on forewings, hindwings, terminal hair on hindwings, and the color of skin under squama on obdomen were black, and the color of pupa was also black, and the color of hair on dorsal thorax and obdomen were white.

结果表明： JBM和JBW的主要形态区别表现在成虫前翅上鳞片、中横线、肾状纹、环状纹、外横线及亚外缘线之间的部分、前翅缘毛、后翅、后翅缘毛、腹部鳞毛下的皮肤颜色以及蛹体色等发生了黑化，成虫胸背毛颜色以及腹部毛颜色发生"白化"。

Wing bud differentiation initiated at the early 5th nymphal instar, during which the front wing bud cells in the macropterous proliferated much more rapidly than those in the brachypterous. The hinder wing buds of the brachypterous degeneratd at middle 5th instar and finally turned out to be very little wings.

在5龄初始时才发生翅芽发育的分化，之后，短翅型若虫的前翅芽细胞增殖速度明显慢于长翅型，到五龄末期，细胞数量积累明显少于长翅型，短翅型的后翅芽在5龄中期开始退化变短，羽化后变成一个退化的小翅。

The results were:The main morphological difference were that the color of squama, median fascia, reniform stigma, orbicular stigma, the part between postmedian fascia and subterminal fascial and terminal hair on forewings, hindwings, terminal hair on hindwings, and the color of skin under squama on obdomen were black, and the color of pupa was also black, and the color of hair on dorsal thorax and obdomen were white.

结果表明： JBM和JBW的主要形态区别表现在成虫前翅上鳞片、中横线、肾状纹、环状纹、外横线及亚外缘线之间的部分、前翅缘毛、后翅、后翅缘毛、腹部鳞毛下的皮肤颜色以及蛹体色等发生了黑化，成虫胸背毛颜色以及腹部毛颜色发生&白化&。

Wings blackish-brown with two conspicuous ground-yellow maculae on the median cell of forewing and S-shaped outer transversal line with ground-yellow reached two-thirds of posterior margin, and hindwing with a small brownish-black spot on the center of upper and lower surfaces. Average wingspan 24.64 ± 0.58 mm (range = 20.50-28.00mm), and male adults averaged 8.56 ± 0.18 mm long (range = 7.50-9.20mm) by 3.85±0.12 mm wide (range = 3.50-4.80mm).

雄成虫，体长8.56±0.18mm(范围7.50～9.20mm)，翅展24.64±0.58mm(范围20.50～28.00mm)；触角长度不超过前翅的1／2；前翅正面由黑褐色鳞片组成翅的底色，中室端横脉内有一较大的土黄色或桔黄色斑纹，外横线明显、土黄色、从翅前缘伸至后缘呈反&s&形弯曲，到达后缘2／3处；后翅中部有黑褐色小斑。

Complex surface structures stripes or bandings were found in those of A. dichotoma, but less in P. inclinatus. The trabeculae consisted of three parts the surface part, the cylindrical layer and the central part. The surface and the central part were mainly protein substances which could be dissolved by KOH.

其中心部主要是溶解于KOH溶液的物质蛋白一类的物质，环状纤维层中的几丁质纤维，在层和层之间相互不同的方向排列着，并各自与前翅的上下层中的几丁质纤维连续地连接着2独角仙前翅小柱的表面有复杂的纹样，而锹形虫的小柱表面只有非常简单的几乎没有纹样。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。