前突的

Here, temporal synaptic stability and the functional consequences for presynaptic operation will be considered.

应当考虑突触前的手术对临时突触的稳定性和相应功能的影响。

The release is triggered by Ca〓 and completed by the fusion of neurotransmitter containing synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic membrane.

神经递质的释放是由钙引发的，由含神经递质的突触囊泡与突触前膜融合完成的。

Many studies about mandibular functional protrusion show that the mandibular postural position is changed and the activity of the lateral pterygoid muscle increases after the appliance is inserted and the proliferation of the condylar cartilage leads to the increases of the mandibular length.

对功能矫形前伸下颌的大量研究表明，前伸下颌的矫治器改变了下颌的姿势位，下颌前伸肌功能活动加强，明显促进了髁突和下颌骨增生，下颌骨综合长度增加。

Puzzlingly, such effect is transient and depression is usually reinstated after the first episode of recovery sleep, or even after short naps .

睡眠剥夺可能通过改变5-羟色胺(serotonin 5-HT)系统起作用，5-HT_(1A)受体作为突触前的自身受体在调节中缝核5-HT神经元的活性中发挥着关键作用，并且作为突触后受体介导5-HT对边缘系统、皮层、下丘脑及其它一些脑区部位的作用，使得5-HT_(1A)受体的调节对于精神疾病非常重要。

By comparison between the parameters before and after the test, the development regulation of physico-mechanical parameters of the substratum of pit is found.

结合深基坑的突水问题进行室内模型试验研究，通过对比试验前、后的参数，发现突水前后基底土体物理力学性质的变化规律。

Results: Lateral extradural approach could be used to expose the second and third branches of trigeminal nerve,trigeminal ganglion,posterior vertical segment of the intrapetrosal ICA,abducent nerve and horizontal segment of the intrapetrosal ICA;lateral intradural approach could be used to expose the lateral,anteroinferior and posterosuperior venous spaces,almost all the cranial nerves within the cavernous sinus and horizontal segments of the intracavernous ICA;superior approach could be used to expose the medial,lateral and posterosuperior venous spaces,medial side of the anterior genu,anterior vertical and clinoidal segments of the intracavernous ICA and the lateral side of the hypophysis.

结果：外侧硬膜外入路可用于显露三叉神经第2、3支，三叉神经节，海绵窦内颈内动脉后垂直段，外展神经及岩骨颈内动脉水平段；侧方硬膜下入路可用于显露海绵窦外侧及前下，后上静脉间隙，以及所有走行在海绵窦内的颅神经和海绵窦内颈内动脉水平段；上方入路可用于显露海绵窦内侧、外侧及后上间隙，海绵窦内ICA水平段、前膝、前垂直段及床突段的内侧面，以及垂体的外侧面。

Importantly, the changes observed in rat muscle injected with mutant agrin recapitulated the pre- and post-synaptic modifications observed in the patient.

重要的是，大鼠肌肉注射突变型集聚蛋白后产生的变化和在患者中观察到的突出前和突触后变化一致。

The in vitro effects of Gln49-PLA_2 were examined using the chick biventer cervicis nerve muscle preparation. Gln49-PLA_2 caused a dosedependent blockade of neuromuscular transmission. The time required to cause 50% blockade was about 150 min at the highest concentration 100μg/ml. This inhibition appeared to be presynaptic in origin as evidenced by the lack of effect of toxin on responses to exogenous acetylcholine in the non-stimulated BCp.

Gln49-PLA_2能够剂量依赖性地抑制颈二腹肌神经信号正常传导并影响肌肉收缩，在100μg/ml剂量下，肌肉收缩幅度在150分钟后达到50%的抑制率；同时，随着Gln49-PLA_2浓度的降低，肌肉收缩幅度的抑制效率也逐渐降低；实验证明Gln49-PLA_2对突触后膜乙酰胆碱受体敏感性无影响，对神经肌肉信号传导收缩的抑制作用位点在突触前膜。

Methods. A validated 3-dimensional, nonlinear finite element model of an intact adult human L3-L4 motion segment was developed. Four fusion types were simulated using this model, including anterior lumbar interbody fusion, posterior lumbar interbody fusion, intertransverse process fusion, and interspinous process fusion.

制作一个完整的成人腰3-4节段三维立体多元化模型，再用这个模型来制成4种融合方式的模型，包括腰椎前路椎间融合、腰椎后路椎间融合、腰椎横突间植骨融合、椎板棘突间植骨融合；而且达到融合的程度也不尽相同。

The mPSCs induced by GABA released from the presynaptic boutons could be completely and reversibly blocked by 5μM bicuculline, which is the specific antagonist of GABAA receptor. These results indicate that GABA released from the presynaptic boutons may produce modulatory effects through binding with GABAA receptor on postsynaptic Vme neurons.

以上结果表明：突触前终扣内释放的GABA与分布于突触后的GABAA受体结合从而发挥对Vme神经元的调控作用，GABAA受体激活后，氯离子通道开放，Vme神经元胞体内外氯离子流动构成了GABA对Vme神经元的作用基础。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！