前侧片的

The efficiency of preparation and obturation of root canals was analyzed with radiographs before and after operation.

两组均采用侧向加压充填法充填根管，通过术前、术后的x线牙片评价根管预备与根管充填的效果。

Methods: Injured patients of cervical spine was cayyied on X-ray inspection.,then according to the result of ADI and LADS ,next to CT or MRI inspection ,and that was to guide clinical diagonosis and treatment.To observe atlanto-dental interval (anterior arch of atlas posterior border to odontoid process anterior border) and odontoid process caster(included angle between axis of ordinate of odontoid process and axis of ordinate of odontoid vertebra) on the X-ray lateral projection.

对有颈部外伤史的病人常规行X线检查，然后根据寰齿间距和齿突侧块间隙的结果，行下一步CT检查或者MRI检查，指导临床治疗方法的选择。X线侧位片观察寰齿前间隙(为寰椎前弓后缘与齿突前缘距离)，齿状突后倾角(齿突纵轴与枢椎体纵轴的夹角)；开口正位片上测定齿突侧块间隙。

Result Diagnostic criteria:(1) history of injury to the shoulder;(2) sharp pain in the anterior aspect of the shoulder and weakness and limitation of range of motion of the shoulder;(3)the positive apprehension sign and or anterior drawer test;(4)a Hill-Sachs bony lesion on roentgenogram and abnormal double contrast CT.

结果 创伤性肩关节前不稳定的诊断标准为：(1)外伤史；(2)肩前侧痛、无力、关节活动受限和肩周肌肉萎缩；(3)前惧痛征和前抽屉试验阳性；(4)X线片Hill-Sachs骨缺损和气碘双重造影CT异常。

The sample comprised 25 patients with the first premolar removed during orthodontic treatment. Digital models and lateral cephalometric records were taken pre- and post- treatment. We chose two kinds of regional superimposition methods on the digital models (One was the mesial zone of the third primary ruga and regional palatal vault, the other was the palate) and Baumrind's best-fit for cephalometric superimposition. The amounts of incisor and molar movement were measured and a comparative study was performed.

三。选择25例拔除上颌第一双尖牙正畸患者治疗前、后的上颌模型进行三维重建，分别使用第三腭皱近心端局部腭穹隆和腭部对同一患者治疗前、后的数字化模型进行局域重叠，以治疗前后头颅侧位片的 best-fit重叠为评价标准，比较三种方法之间的差异，对应用三维数字化牙颌模型纵向重叠评价正畸治疗前、后的牙齿移动进行探索性研究。

The recoery rate was calculated as follows;(JOA score at follow up_preoperatie JOA score)/(17 _ preoperatie JOA score) _ 100,15 and the surgical outcomes were classified into four grades based on the calculated recoery rate; excellent: recoery rate 75% or higher, good: 50–75%, fair: 25–50%, and poor: lower than 25%. Ealuation was made on radiographic findings, including the range of motion and the jaw diameter (a measured line from the posteroinferior corner of the ertebral body to the anterior aspect of the subjacent lamina) at the adjacent leels in group A and the affected leels in group B and the spinal canal diameter at the C4 leel in both groups. The C4 leel was chosen for this measurement, because the spinal canal is usually narrowest at this leel.

恢复率如下计算；（随访JOA评分-术前JOA评分）/（17-术前JOA评分）*10015，按计算的恢复率将手术结果分4级；优：恢复率75%或更高，良：50-70%，中：25-50%，差：低于25%。X线片结果评价，包括活动范围和颌直径（从椎体下后角到下邻椎板前方的测量线）在A组相邻水平与B组受影响水平及两组C4水平椎管直径。C4作为该侧量的选择是因为通常在此平面椎管最为狭窄。

RESULTS: The mild traction group showed angulus anterior individual neuron slightly engorged, neuron and nerve fiber morphous was normal essentially; individual substantia alba demyelinates in fragmentis; medullary sheath and auxiliary fibers of nerve root were hydropsia slightly without conspicuous myelinolysis. The moderate traction group demonstrated myelinolysis change in the spinal cord, and neurofibras lined up chaos, auxiliary fibers disaggregated, neuron dropsy, tigroid body disappeared with karyopycnosis and anachromasis in neurons; nerve root showed myelinolysis. The severe traction group displayed a great demyelination region; anterior motor neurons with karyopycnosis and anachromasis; myelinated nerve fiber of nerve root shrinked, decreased in number, with severe demyelination changes.

结果：轻度牵拉组牵拉侧前角个别神经元稍肿胀，神经元及神经纤维形态基本上正常，个别白质小片状脱髓鞘样改变，神经根髓鞘和轴索轻度水肿，脱髓鞘不明显；中度牵拉组白质有脱髓鞘改变，神经纤维排列紊乱，轴索崩解、断裂；灰质神经元水肿明显加重，前角运动神经原细胞尼氏体消失，核固缩、深染，神经根髓鞘和轴索水肿，局部轻度脱髓鞘改变；重度牵拉组牵拉侧白质为不规则的大片脱髓鞘区，前角运动神经元胞体固缩、变形、核深染，神经根有髓神经纤维萎缩、数目减少，重度脱髓鞘改变。

The aim of this radiographic study was to visualize the femoral insertion sites of the anteromedial and posterolateral bundle of the anterior cruciate ligament on lateral radiographs in different angles of knee flexion to gain better understanding for arthroscopic femoral tunnel placement in ACL double bundle reconstruction.

此摄片研究的目的是从侧位 X 线片上评价在膝关节不同屈曲角度的情况下前交叉韧带的前内束和后外束的股骨附着点的情况。

Once the rods are inserted, the lordotic alignment of the spine should be checked with theintraoperative lateral x-ray or image view, and compared to the preoperative lateral standing view.

植入棒后，应该通过术中侧位X线片或其他影像监视检查脊柱的前凸弧度并和术前站立位侧位片比

METHODS: The subjects were 13 consecutive Class II osseous malocclusions with mandibular retrusion treated with fixed inclined biteplate.

13例骨性安氏II类错牙合下颌后缩患者，经固定斜面导板进行Ⅰ期矫治，分别在治疗前、治疗开始、治疗中、治疗后拍摄双侧TMJ的MRI片进行观察和测量。

All canals were obturated using lateral condensation technique. The efficiency of preparation and obturation of root canals was analyzed with radiographs before and after operation.

两组均采用侧向加压充填法充填根管，通过术前、术后的X线牙片评价根管预备与根管充填的效果。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。