刺激-反应

Methods for the control of vocal fold vibration in anesthetized dogs by superior laryngeal nerve electrical stimulation, recurrent laryngeal nerve electrical stimulation and the adjustment of glottal air flow rate with stroboscope and the multifunetion glottograph developed by authors were studied.

本文借助于喉动态镜和作者研制的多功能声门图仪研究了在麻醉状态下，犬喉神经用电刺激的同时，调节声门气流使声带振动的方法；摸清了声门气流、喉上神经与喉返神经受电刺激的变化对声带体振动的影响；同时用电刺激喉上神经与喉返神经模拟了几种喉麻痹。

Firstly, we attempted to determine the optimal LTP-producing tetanic stimulation and observed that tetanization≥100Hz is more reliable than that≤50Hz in producing LTP.

首先我们找出在本实验条件下诱发LTP的最适强直刺激，观察到大于100Hz的强直刺激比50Hz以下强直刺激能更可靠地诱发出LTP。

In the present study, the effects of 2 Hz and 100 Hz tetanic parameters on L-LTP of the field potentials were recorded from the layer Ⅱ/Ⅲ of the rat visual cortical slices in response to stimulation of the layer Ⅳ.

本研究用3周龄的大鼠视皮层脑片标本，在Ⅳ层刺激而在Ⅱ/Ⅲ层记录场电位，待场电位稳定后施加强直刺激诱导LTP，探讨2Hz与100Hz的强直刺激在诱发持续时间长于3h的L-LTP中的作用。

With the interval of magnetic stimulation at tuberosity of occipital bone and electric stimulation of ulnar at wrist joint, amplitude of F-wave was lengthened and course was delayed.

枕骨粗隆处磁刺激明显改变了脊髓前角细胞兴奋性，表现为当枕骨粗隆处施行的磁刺激和腕关节处尺神经电刺激间隔一定的时间时，F波波幅增高，时程延长。

Methods: DECB was dealed with heat , acid , alkali , roasting , organic solvent extracting , microorganism zymolysis , then the method of microrespiromete was used to detect/measure the respiratory activity respectively.

目的：研究小牛血清去蛋白提取物（deproteinated extract of calf blood，DECB）中生物活性物质的物理化学性质；方法：分别将小牛血清去蛋白提取物进行加热、加酸、加碱、烘烤、有机溶剂萃取、接种微生物发酵等方法处理，然后分别用微量呼吸检压法检测呼吸活性，结果：采用加热、加碱、加酸，接种微生物发酵的方法进行处理，DECB刺激呼吸活性的能力没有明显改变，而采用烘烤的方法处理，结果DECB的活性完全消失；用有机溶剂萃取DECB，可明显降低DECB刺激呼吸活性的能力，而有机相中含有了刺激呼吸活性物质。

The fEPSP response evoked in one pathway was small, usually 20–30% of the maximu, whereas a large response, usually 80–90% of the maximum, was evoked in the strong pathway. After recording of the baseline fEPSP evoked at 0.033 Hz, LTP of the weak pathway could be associatively induced by paired stimulation of the weak and strong pathways 100 times at 6 sec intervals, with stimulation of the weak pathway preceded 3–10 msec.

在记录以0.033Hz所引发基础的兴奋性突触后电位之后，在弱的路径上可以因配合弱与强的刺激路径而引发出相关性长期增益（每六秒一次共100次，弱的刺激路径在强的刺激路径之前 3-10 ms），然而当在两个路径之间的配合时间差大於10 ms时即无法形成相关性长期增益，此类型长期增益的引发是需要依赖活化NMDA接受器的，因为给予50 mM的D，L-AP5可以阻断相关性长期增益的引发（兴奋性突触后电位为原来的105±6﹪；n=6）。

However, it is not known how orthodontic force influences the function of cementoblast and what is the relationship between the function change of cementoblast with root resorption. So we studied the effect of mechanical stimuli on root resoption by examining the expression OPG and RANKL and exploring the related signal transduction pathway in cementoblast. Methods: Cementoblasts OCCM30 were cultured in DMEM with 10% FBS for 48 hours and starved in DMEM with no FBS for 24 hours, then subjected to mechanical strain by four-point bending system with tension and compression stress at 2000μstrain at 0.5Hz frequency. The flow cytometry was used to examine the cell cycle and proliferation activity after 3h, 6h, 12h, 24h loading respectively. OPG and RANKL mRNA were analysed with real time quantitive RT-PCR after the same loading period as FCM.

本课题利用四点弯曲力学加载系统，采用流式细胞术、实时荧光定量PCR、Western免疫印迹等方法，研究体外培养的成牙骨质细胞株OCCM-30在不同力学环境中增殖活性的变化，以及其表达骨保护素和破骨细胞分化因子的mRNA的变化，探讨应力刺激对成牙骨质细胞表达破骨细胞分化调控蛋白的影响，并通过对应力刺激下成牙骨质细胞分裂原活化蛋白激酶家族中的ERK1/2、P38MAPK活性的变化及其与OPG、RANKL基因表达变化关系的研究，对力学刺激调节破骨细胞分化调控蛋白的相关上游信号转导通路进行初步探讨。

In the second experiment, dichoptic display （15 ms for single eye, 30 ms for single eye, 30 ms for both eyes） was used to investigate the mechanisms of these brightness effects.

第2个实验，采用单眼和双眼分离两种观察方式，使得刺激呈现单眼呈现15ms，单眼呈现30ms，双眼呈现30ms3种情况，在刺激呈现结束后，要求被试报告闪光刺激明暗关系。

Sand or artificial pearl nuclear in a Pinctada martensl, a shellfish, with overlapping accumulation of the excretive protein film from cells in the inner shell theca and the conjunctiva layer of calcium carbonate.

南珠的形成：南珠是珍珠贝科动物中马氏珍珠贝受刺激物刺激后，外套膜的部分细胞所分泌的壳角蛋白膜和碳酸钙的结薄层交互重叠，围绕着刺激物沉积而成的圆形或其他形状的物体。

S Broad asphalt along the main road, followed by the array of more than 30 of its significant interest in large, medium and small Recreation: If the crazy "roller coaster" in the air on the track and came to a series of somersaults, and let you experience a soul-stirring centrifugal, rapid rotation of panic, can be done to stimulate;"fast scooters" in the track km On the fast, as Shirupozhu dive 30 meters high slope, Huer mad to Jixuan, feelings like Cloud Nine fall, as if riding a bull at running back; in particular, the addition of new large-scale projects,"Challenger Tour" Mars will give you the speed of excitement around the world,"wind speed," you over 10 meters in height, during which around and up and down several times before and after the turnover, there is a non-feet under the ultimate experience weightlessness; and the "monster House "is another boost fan, pitch dark, cold wind gusts, desperate calls and setting of zombie ghosts and volatile side of the creeps you scared, scared; 50 meters out to the" Ferris wheel "to let you enjoy the" List Small hills,"the sense of endless;" Liu Yong Jin,"When you enjoy the" drift "Huiguoshenlai no sense, as water spilled from the mountain 10 meters high fly drift down the moment, the heart Has been hanging in the air to the; also hit eyeful of Venus "bumper car"; as the mischievous people Shuaixiang half-empty,"Spider-Star,""rotating aircraft" and "forest mouse car," and so on, you will be able to bring a Although the stimulus was accompanied by tears, but more interest is the doubling of the situation, a test of your willpower.

沿着宽阔的柏油大马路，依次排列着三十多个各显其趣的大、中、小型游乐项目：如疯狂&过山车&在凌空的轨道上急转直下而又接连翻腾，让你经历一场惊心动魄的离心、快速旋转的恐慌，可谓极尽刺激；&快速滑行车&在千米的轨道上风驰电掣，势如破竹般俯冲三十米高坡，忽儿狂转急旋，那感觉仿如九霄云外下坠，又好象骑在蛮牛背上狂奔；特别是新增设的大型项目&挑战者之旅&将带给您火星绕地球的速度快感，&极速风车&，你凌驾十米高空中，其间几度上下左右和前后翻转，真有一种双脚无着下的终极失重体验；而&妖怪屋&又是另番刺激，伸手不见五指，寒风阵阵，绝望的叫声和出没无常的僵尸鬼面，吓得你毛骨悚然，胆战心惊；拔地五十米的&摩天轮&让你享受&一览众山小&的无垠感觉；&激流勇进&，当你优悠的&漂&感还没回过神来的时候，高山泻流水般从十米高处向下飞漂的那一刻，心已悬到半空中了；还有撞到满眼金星的&碰碰车&；恶作剧般把人甩向半空的&星际蜘蛛&、&旋转飞机&和&森林老鼠车&等，都能将你带到一个虽然伴有被刺激后的泪花，但更多的是兴致倍增的境地，考验了你的意志力。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。