刺槐

The potted seedlings of Ailanthus altissima S.,Ginkgo biloba L.and Robiniapseudoacacia L.was treated by soil drought stress to study changes of chlorophyll afluorescence parameter under drought stress.

采用对盆栽臭椿、银杏和刺槐苗木进行土壤干旱胁迫处理的方法，研究干旱胁迫对植物叶片叶绿素荧光动力学的影响。

The two tree water consumption characteristics, Populus simonii and Robinia pseudoacacie, and the interactions mechanism with environment factors were both studied at the level of leaf and singletree in terms of the modern technology of heat pulse sap flow and thermal dissipation sap flow probe. The two main purposes of study are to provide the science evidence in estimating the ecologic water consumption rules and to arrange better densities of the two tree species stand.

本文以北京市官厅库区水源涵养林的主要造林树种：小叶杨、刺槐为研究对象，采用当前国内外最先进的热脉冲式树干边材液流测定技术和热扩散式树干边材液流测定探针测定技术，从叶片和单株水平上探讨了刺槐和小叶杨的蒸腾耗水特性以及它们与环境因子之间的影响机理，其结果不仅可为更精确地估计生态用水定额提供科学依据，而且也可为该区域这两种树种的选择及其合理林分的密度起到一定的指导作用。

The paper carries on qualitative analysis to the acetone extractives before and after discoloring, shows the main components of the extractives and then takes comparison. The results shows :①The hydroxyl is oxidized and then shifted to the carbonyl,carboxyl, ester and ketone groups during inducing discoloration under the pretreatment conditions,which makes the wood color deep;② There are plenty of auxochromic groups in the acetone extractives of silver chain, the interaction between the auxochromic groups and the chromophoric groups makes the wood color deep.

摘 要：本文通过对刺槐变色前后丙酮抽出物的定性分析，得出变色前后丙酮抽出物的主要成分，进行对比分析，初步得出抽出物对诱发变色的作用为：①变色前后羟基在预处理条件下氧化成羰基，羧基，酯基和酮基等官能团，使木材颜色加深；②刺槐丙酮抽出物的主要成分中含有大量助色基，这些基团会与木素中的发色基团相互作用，使木材颜色加深。

There were only 94 vascular plant species, belonging to 50 family and 75 genera. The dominant species in the communities were deciduous broadleaf species Liquidambar formosana, Robinia pseudoacacia, Ailanthus altissima, Acer buergerianum, and Celtis sinensis, evergreen broadleaf species Cinnamomum camphora and Elaeocarpus glabripetalus, and Phyllostachys heterocycla. Robinia pseudoacacia+Cinnamomum camphora community had the highest Shannon-Wiener index (1757) and Phyllostachys heterocycla+Acer buergerianum community had the highest Simpson index (0163), but no consistency was observed between the curves of H and D. For vertical structure, most communities had no significant understory stratification.

结果表明：辰山植物区系以泛热带和北温带占优势，具有典型亚热带和温带成分交汇和南北植物分布交错特征；但保育区内种类单一，维管束植物仅有49科69属94种；主要群落是以枫香、刺槐、臭椿、三角枫和朴树等为优势树种的落叶阔叶林，以香樟和秃瓣杜英等为优势树种的常绿阔叶林，以及毛竹林；物种多样性普遍较低，Shannon-Wiener多样性指数最高为刺槐+香樟群落（1.757），Simpson均匀度指数最高值为毛竹+三角枫群落（0.163）；多样性指数曲线和均匀度指数曲线不具有一致性的变化趋势；多数群落垂直结构中无明显林下分层现象；演替前期的落叶乔木种群后续个体不足。

In chapter 4, the restoration and rehabilitation technology of multiple functional forest system were studied. Firstly, it was expounded that we should restore and rehabilitate watershed protection forest in source of rivers, in catchment areas of small watersheds and around reservoirs, which includes protecting the present natural forests and planting watershed protection forests in the non-forest land. The main afforestation models comprises "Cupressus funebris + Alnus cremastogyne or Robinia pseudoacacia}","Pinus massoniana + Camellia oleifera (or Robinia pseudoacacia","Populus + Robinia pseudoacacia ", etc.

首先阐述了应在河流源头、小流域集水区和水库周围恢复和重建水源涵养林，这包括保护好现有天然林和在无林地营造水源涵养林，主要林种组合模式有&柏木＋梢木（或刺槐丫'／'马尾松＋油茶&、&杨树＋刺槐&等；其次着重论述了坡地水土保持林体系的重建技术，这包括工业原附、经济林、薪炭林、混农林业和退耕还草还牧等的经营和 A 建设技术；接着简要介绍了林牧业产业化途径。

The results showed that both of the chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll contents decreased under the stress of neutral salt. The changes of the chlorophyll b was not obvious and a/b not consistent. The chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll of R. pseudoacacia appeared an increasing decliningincreasing trend under the stress of mixed salt. The chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll of F. velutina increased under the stress of mixed salt. The changes of the chlorophyll b was not obvious either and a/b appeared a rising trend.

结果表明在中性盐的胁迫下，刺槐和绒毛白蜡总叶绿素和叶绿素a的含量随盐胁迫程度的增加而降低，叶绿素b的变化较小，叶绿素a/b并不呈现单一的变化趋势；在碱性盐的胁迫下，刺槐总叶绿素和叶绿素a的含量随胁迫程度的增加呈现先升高后降低再升高的趋势，绒毛白蜡总叶绿素和叶绿素a的含量随胁迫程度的增加而上升，叶绿素b的变化较小，叶绿素a/b都呈现上升的趋势。

Correlation analysis indicated that total chlorophyll contents in leaves of F. velutina and R. pseudoacacia Seedlings were negatively correlated with MDA content under both neutral salt stress and mixed salt stress. The total chlorophyll contents was positively correlated with Pro under neutral salt stress.However, the correlation was negative under mixed salt stress.

相关分析表明，两树种在中性盐和碱性盐胁迫下，总叶绿素含量与膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛含量呈负相关；中性盐胁迫下，刺槐和绒毛白蜡都与脯氨酸呈正相关，在碱性盐胁迫下则呈负相第3期武德等盐碱胁迫对刺槐和绒毛白蜡叶片叶绿素含量的影响

He pulled himself up into the lower branches of one of the acacias that shook with gunfire. He used great

他探出身子躲进一棵刺槐下方的树枝，刺槐正随着炮火震动着。

The results indicate that:(1)Compare with the comparion, the soil physics character are improved after vegetation restortion , the soil unit weight in cyclobalanopsis glauca, Pinus elliottii, Robinia pseudoacacia , mixed forest and fire slash shrub separatly are 1.525g/cm~3, 1.426 g/cm~3, 1.625 g/cm~3, 1.482 g/cm~3, 1.423 g/cm~3. We can find the soil unit weight in other forest all bigger than the comparion (1.580 g/cm~3) except Robinia pseudoacacia .All these mean forest soil is looser and better capacity for aerated and dank.

结果表明：(1)植被恢复后林地土壤物理性质有良好的改进，青冈、湿地松、刺槐、混交林、火烧迹地灌丛容重分别为：1.525g/cm~3、1.426g/cm~3、1.625g/cm~3、1.482g/cm~3、1.423g/cm~3，除刺槐外其他林地均低于对照(1.580g/cm~3)，上述几种林分的孔隙度分别为：45.872%、51.956%、44.093%、50.485%、55.648%、47.228%，说明林地内土壤较对照更为疏松、通气透水能力更强，更有利于土壤微生物的活动，为研究区土壤肥力的提高奠定了基础。

Except total potassium and quick-acting phosphorus, every target in nitrogen fixation plantation was higher than that in non-nitrogen fixation plantation.

不同林型植被，土壤的腐殖化作用有明显差异，土壤有机质、各营养元素和阳离子交换量增加不同，除全钾、速效磷以外，表现为刺槐侧柏混交林＞刺槐＞侧柏＞荒地。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。