制裁的

Bergson makes a thorough analysis to the comedy produce——"smile" and "farcicality" from the point of social activities and mental idea and etc. He thinks that leading a life to machine appearance is the basic reason of "smile" or "farcicality"——the purpose of "smile" is rectification, and as a the kind of social means it still has the function in castigation,"farcicality" is attributed to man, who lacks go-aheadism is similar to things and it can constituted the main factor comedy result. So, in Bergsons view, the essence of comedic taste can comprehend a consciousness which the true estate of life falls into mechanize appearance in the space by chance.

柏氏主要从社会生活和心理表象等方面对喜剧所产生的效果——"笑"和"滑稽"作了细致深入的分析，他认为把生活导引到机械状态是"笑"或"滑稽"的根本原因，"笑"的目的是纠正，作为一种社会手段它还具有制裁作用，"滑稽"是属人的，人的缺乏能动性和主动性的僵硬与物类似的性质构成了喜剧效果的要素，所以，在柏格森看来，喜剧的审美本质可以理解为人的生命本真状态对偶然落入的空间化或机械化状态的意识。

And as in childhood, when existence had no toil beyond the day's simple lesson, no ambition beyond the neighboring approval of the night, I brought to you the morning's task for the evening's sanction, so now I bring to you this self-appointed taskwork of maturer years; less confident indeed of your approval, but not less confident of your love; and anxious only to realize your presence between myself and the public, and to mingle with those severer voices to whose final sentence I submit my work the beloved and gracious accents of your own.

并在童年时，存在没有辛劳超出了一天的简单的教训，没有超出夜间邻近批准的雄心，我为您带来的是晚上的制裁上午的任务，所以现在我给你们带来这个自封taskwork的成熟年；缺乏信心确实是你的批准，但不小于你的爱有信心，并渴望实现你的只有我自己和公众之间的存在，并与这些严厉的声音交织到其最后一句提交我的工作和亲切的心爱你自己的口音。

It could have betokened nothing short of the anticipated execution of some noted culprit, on whom the sentence of a legal tribunal had but confirmed the verdict of public sentiment.

如若换成其他百姓，或是推迟到新英格兰后来的历史阶段，这些蓄着胡须的好心肠的居民们板着的冷冰冰的面孔，可能是面临凶险的征兆，至少也预示着某个臭名昭著的罪犯即将受到人们期待已久的制裁，因为在那时，法庭的判决无非是认可公众舆论的裁处。

Because the question what environmental rights inherent character is , doesn"t to be solved , punishing environmental tort doesn"t go on . Although judicial practice also can remedy environmental tort from right of the person and right of property at present, it make the original legal system contused , make common person"s illusion, distort the environmental right, make it not to further progress , they are not benefit for strengthening our country"s legal system and realizing society rule by law.

因为环境权的定性问题一日不解决，对环境侵权的制裁则师出无名，尽管目前我国司法实践中从财产权、人身权的角度尚可救济环境权受到侵害的行为，但这已然引起了原有法律体系的混乱，造成一般民众的错觉，同时也扭曲了环境权，使之不能进一步发展，这是极不利于当代我国法制的健全及法治社会的实现的。

Likewise we confirm, approve and renew with the approval of the sacred council, the letters themselves along with their decrees, declarations, prohibitions, commands, exhortations, warnings, applications of ecclesiastical interdicts, and other sentences, censures and penalties, whether by canonical sanctions or by our own act, especially those in the letter summoning this sacred universal council, and each and all of the other clauses contained in the said letters, the meanings of which we wish to be considered as expressed as if they were inserted herein word for word, even though, as being definite and valid, they require no other confirmation or approval for a more extensive guarantee and demonstration of the truth.

同样，我们确认，批准和重新批准的神圣理事会，字母本身以及他们的法令，声明，禁止，命令，劝告，警告，应用教会interdicts ，和其他的判决，谴责和惩罚，无论是典型的制裁或由我们自己的行为，特别是那些在信中传唤这一神圣普遍理事会，每个和所有其他条款中所载的信件说，其中的意义，我们希望被看作是表示如果他们一词此处插入一句话，即使是明确的和有效的，他们不需要任何其他的确认或批准进行更广泛的保障和示范真相。

Consensual sado-masochistic homosexual encounters which occasioned actual bodily harm to the victim were assaults occasioning actual bodily harm, contrary to section 47 of the Offences Against The Person Act 1861, and unlawful wounding, contrary to section 20 of that Act, notwithstanding the victim's consent to the acts inflicted on him, because public policy required that society be protected by criminal sanctions against a cult of violence which contained the danger of the proselytisation and corruption of young men and the potential for the infliction of serious injury.

在双方意愿下进行的同性恋者之间引起了实际人身伤害的性虐待行为因违反了1861年的人身侵害法案的第20款和47款而被视为对他人进行了人身侵犯和一种非法侵害，即便受害者对给他自己造成的伤害没有任何异议，因为公共政策要求社会要对犯罪行为进行制裁，以次来防止暴力行为的蔓延。而这些暴力行为则可能改变人们的宗教信仰，腐蚀年轻的一代，同时也可能造成更为严重的伤害。

However, while a great number of penalties can , no doubt . plausibly be treated as retroactive license fees , this is hardly true of all of them . It is certainly not true . for example , of most demotions , firings , and flunkings , that they are'prices'paid for some already consumed benefit ; and even parking fines are sanctions for rules "meant to be taken seriously as ... standard of behavior ," [5][5]and thus are more than mere public parking fees .

然而，当大量这样的处罚毫无疑问地被作为有追溯性的许可收费合理对待，这是对他们的处罚作为收费性许可几乎很难接受，例如，这当然不是正确的，绝大多数留级的、开除的、不及格的人，他们是为已经消费的利益支付价格；尽管停车罚款是规则的制裁意味着严厉地作为行为标准，因此，罚款的数目是超过公共场所停车的收费的。

Plunder melds and run with this jewel!

掠夺melds和运行与此宝石！

My dream is to be a crazy growing tree and extend at the edge between the city and the forest.

此刻，也许正是在通往天国的路上，我体验着这白色的晕旋。