制度上的

IS CALIFORNIA'S governor, Arnold Schwarzenegger, about to terminate America's venerable system of primary elections, that months-long political charivari ⑴ that brings fleeting fame to the otherwise obscure citizens of Iowa and New Hampshire?

加州州长阿诺·史瓦辛格将要终结美国传统悠久的总统初选制度吗？这一初选制度带给爱荷华州和新罕布什尔州（分别是最早进行基层党团会议初选和个人投票初选的两个州，译者注）几个月政治上的喧嚣，为那里的平民百姓争得短暂的荣誉。

In the second section, I explicate the historic progress of our land-ownership reform in the New Period, and reveal some problems that exist in the course of it.

论文的第二部分，阐述了新时期我国农村土地制度改革的历史进程，在对其现状的分析的基础上提出了当前我国农村土地制度存在的问题。

As to this financial creation based on the system defects , if we just take the measure of strict forbiddance completely , the system defects can only be concealed temporarily what we should do now is to construct the positive relationship of creation and system improvement .

对于这种基于制度缺陷的金融创新，如果采用严格的一律禁止的措施，只能暂时在表面上掩盖制度存在的缺陷。

Furthermore, the innovation in science and technology is onein narrow sense. It depends on the innovation in socialsystems and their frame work.

制度的创新才是广义上的创新，是制度变迁的根本动力，因而也是技术创新的原动力。

In order to perfect and consummate criminal compensation system of our country, in this essay, on the basis of drawing lessons from Taiwan and foreign countries, such as France, Germen, Japan and Russia, it gives the perfect and good opinions according to practical situation of our country and the problems and shortcomings.

为健全、完善我国的刑事赔偿制度，本文在借鉴我国台湾地区和外国尤其是法国、德国、日本和俄罗斯的一些立法例的基础上，结合我国的实际情况，针对我国现行刑事赔偿制度存在的问题和缺陷，提出完善建议。

Secondly,the long existance of the system of kinship concealment has the cultural reason---the dominant status of the confucian culture,including the idea of "kindheartedness",the spirit of "Piety Morality",the method of "rule of rite" and the pursuit of "harmony".

其次，亲亲相隐制度之长期存续在文化上的原因则在于儒家文化的绝对主导地位，包括儒家文化中的"仁爱"观念、"孝道"精神、"礼治"方法及"和谐"理想等均为亲亲相隐制度的长期存续提供了坚实的文化土壤。

From the angle of economics, the indirect mercantile agency system is not designed by man but the result of market choice, which the application of the indirect mercantile agency system in business achieves the optimization of "man and product".

可以对其先进的理论加以吸收借鉴。第二章"商业间接代理制度的价值论"。商业间接代理制度不仅是法学研究的对象，而且其本身就是始于经济学上的研究。

The methodology in the new institutional economics was origins in good critics of the neoclassic economics and it was not likely favorable the method of formalization.

他指出新制度经济学研究的主要内容是产权理论和组织的治理结构理论；新制度经济学的研究方法是在继承和批判新古典经济学方法的基础上产生的。

The results indicate that,（1） the current ownership of rural land is integrated by the state and private ownerships, i.e., a special pattern of mixed ownership;（2） agricultural economy has shown the characteristics of modern agriculture, so it is no longer totally small-scale farming economy;（3） privatization has two meanings, i.e., there is no privatization in terms of ownership, however, it is a privatization process in terms of management.

研究结果：（1）现行农村土地制度是一种具有公私相互融合性质和特点的所有制类型，是一种特殊的混合所有制模式；（2）农业经济已经具有了现代农业的许多特点，不完全是小农经济；（3）私有化有一般与特殊两种含义，包括土地流转在内的土地制度变革不存在所有权意义上的私有化，但从经营权看是私有化过程。

Analysis of its causes, in addition to the traditional sense of "historical influence of traditional" factors such generalization, but also by the concept of modern democracy-building in the village at the end; imperfect system of village representatives, the lack of monitoring the implementation of the institutions; villages appeared on behalf of villagers with the villagers of the impact of social stratification efficiency; Basis as a result of poor villages, the villagers than the cost of representatives of institutional arrangements for the proceeds of a direct impact on such factors.

分析其原因，除了在传统意义上的"受传统历史影响"这类普遍化因素外，还受到现代民主理念末在该村庄建立；村民代表制度不完善，缺乏监督执行的机构；村庄出现村民代表与村民的社会分层影响效能发挥；由于村庄基础较差，村民代表会议制度安排成本高于收益等因素的直接影响。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。