到差

At the same time, other research on the followings: how to choose a proper replace project plane, discussing replace region, making out reference ellipsoid parameters, transferring the geodetic coordinate system to the regional coordinate system, seeking for the proper way to choose coordinate system.According to the research on the second degree GPS control nets of WeiHai, a fully and systemic account is generated from layout、 choosing a coordinate system and checking the original datum to the objection and adjustment computation.

本文通过对威海市城市二等GPS控制网的研究，从设计、选择坐标系统、起始数据检验、到观测、平差计算等工序作了系统的论述；通过威海城市二等GPS控制网高程拟合问题的讨论，研究高程拟合的适用范围，选择合适的高程异常已知点，尤其对于高程异常变化剧烈的山区，高程拟合的精度问题进行了研究。

A relationship between the parameters of refrigerant was built up and analyzed in detail according to calculation results.

分析了毛细管内流动的参数情况，说明了管径的选取需要考虑到自由膨胀压差。

A filtered transformation and a stochastic control Lyapunov design method are applied to Marino-Tomei systems driven by Wiener noises of unknown covariance. A parameter adaptive law and a control law are obtained to ensure that the closed-up systems are noise-to-state stable and the tracking error can converge to a small residual set around the origin in the sense of mean quartic value in average.

通过滤波变换，采用随机控制Lyapunov设计方法，对于受方差未知的Wiener噪声干扰的Marino-Tomei非线性系统，给出了参数自适应律和控制律，使得闭环系统成为噪声--状态稳定的，并且跟踪误差的4次均方值在时间平均意义下收敛到一个足够小的区域内。

A new switching scheme to the gain of variable structure control signals is proposed. The following important open problems in standard VS-MRAC and MRAC are solved by using the scheme: 1 . a prespecified transient and steady-state performance index for tracking error can be achieved without requiring any information about the plant high frequency gain sign when relative degree of modelled part of plant is one, and 2 . it is shown that as long as the performance indexes are guaranteed for the auxiliary errors, each of which in dynamics is a sub-system with relative degree one, the tracing error will converge to a small residual set in a prespecified transient time when relative degree of modelled part of plant is greater than one.

提出了一种控制增益可切换的变结构自适应律，解决了如下变结构模型参考自适应控制（包括基于调参律的模型参考自适应控制）理论研究中长期没有解决的问题：当对象建模部分相对阶为1、高频增益符号未知且存在非线性输入扰动和未建模动态等情况下，系统跟踪误差可满足预先给定的动态和稳态性能指标；当对象建模部分相对阶大于1且存在非线性输入扰动和未建模动态时，可保证系统跟踪误差在预先给定的过渡过程时间内收敛到一个残差集中； 5。

The general diffusion process can be obtained as a limiting case, so that we have a unified framework in understanding existing models in option pricing theory, including the geometric Brownian Motion, the model of Constant Elasticity of Varianc, the Residual Volatility and term structure of interest rates. Our model is capable of demonstrating volatility smile and stable relative deviation from real data.

我们建立的一般框架可以统一理解目前已经熟知的几何布朗运动、广义方差常弹性、残余波动率、利率的期限结构等理论模型，也能描写观察到的波动率微笑和稳定的相对偏差。

What we observe are the residuals, i

我们能观察到的是残差项 i 。

On the company, the Speedmaster business card printing and membership card making computers less downtime and reduce the ST400 ring binder organization time to prepare for the cost of the work.

差该公司来说，Speedmaster 制卡和会员卡制息机上更短的转工期和降低ST400装订机的布局工夫，都干系到绸缪处事所消耗的本钱。

In this paper, we shall apply this concept to the ring of linear operators on Banach space X and prove that if a linear operator T on a Banach space X is defined in all of X and has finite descent and ascent then there is a Drazin inverse T~D satisfying TT~DT~k=T~k, T~DTT~D= T~D, and T~DT=TT~D for some nonegative integer k.

以后又对方阵的Drazin逆作了深入的研究。它的一些性质可以参阅。同时对它的应用也作了许多研究，例如可以把Drazin逆的概念应用到Markov过程、线性微分方程组、差分方程组和最优控制等方面。

The Rayleigh method, the Ritz method, the Galerkin method, and the finite difference method are extended to solve the engenvalue problem of the plates.

把瑞雷法、李兹法、伽勒金法和有限差分法推广到了这种板的特征问题的求解。

With Jet Li, Takeshi Kaneshiro, Rosamund Kwan and Charlie Yeung, it would be hard to go wrong, and this film doesn't.

一般说来，李连杰、金城武、关之琳与杨采妮合作的电影，不会差到哪里去，这部也不例外。

This brought fixed cost, but it also is meant at the same time use a source to won't make you singlehanded assume a problem.

这带来了一定的成本，但它同时也意味着使用开源不会让你独力承担问题。

He gained a small fortune in real estate.

他在房地产上发了一笔小财。