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The basic approach of protecting people from being hurt or killed in an accident is to improve crashworthiness of vehicles. This paper starts with discussing theories and methods for vehicle passive safety design, which included experiential methods, analytic methods, multi-body dynamics methods, crash test methods and the finite element method. Emphasis will be paid to the basic FEM theories and algorithms of impact problems. Topics discussed include the governing equation, element discretization, hourglass control, time integration, material model, shell element algorithms and contact-impact algorithms. For more reliable simulation results, this paper then conducts study on how to accurately get material model parameters by combining the FEM method with experimental method, and develops relevant material test machine and parameter calculating software. Based on that, basic typical impact simulation and test validation study are conducted. On the basis of the above work, the paper studies the thin-shell structures'crashworthiness, which was affected by the following factors: spot-weld features, shell thickness, cross-section and pre-deformation. As to vehicle parts'crashworthiness, the paper conducts simulation study of designing energy-absorbing steering system and adaptive airbag system. A practical energy-absorbing steering wheel is designed as an example. In further depth research, the paper suggests several inverse quantificational methods for vehicle crashworthiness design based on the ideal crash characteristics. The above theories and methods are applied with good results through several practical vehicles' crashworthiness design and improvement.

文中对汽车碰撞安全性的设计理论和方法进行了归类和总结，其中包括经验法、解析法、多刚体动力学法、试验法以及有限元方法等；重点介绍了碰撞有限元法的基本理论和有关算法，涉及到有限元求解控制方程、单元离散、沙漏模态控制、时间积分、材料模型和应力修正、薄壳单元算法以及接触碰撞界面算法等，探讨了有限元计算中的材料模型参数获取技术，开发了相应的材料试验装置及材料模型参数反求软件，在此基础上进行了基本的碰撞仿真算例和试验对比研究；文中通过应用有限元方法研究了薄壁构件的碰撞吸能特性，指出了设计薄壁吸能构件时需要考虑的几个主要影响因素，即焊点、壁厚、横截面和预变形等；在关于车辆部件的碰撞安全性能设计中进行了吸能转向机构和自适应安全气囊的仿真研究，提出了吸能转向机构和自适应安全气囊的仿真研究方法；文中最后探讨了整车碰撞性能的设计与改进方法，提出了以理想碰撞特性为目标，采用分段加速度或者根据碰撞时间进行设计的反推设计法、部件吸能仿真优化设计法等量化设计方法，并通过综合应用文中所讨论的相关技术进行了整车碰撞性能的设计与改进实例研究，所选定的车型是大众化的普通轿车和碰撞安全性基础较差的微型面包车，研究结果表明，本文所提出的设计与改进方法是适用而有效的，具有重要的工程实用意义和价值。

These above problems, which are very important and valuable in agricultural crops area monitoring, are currently less researched. Hence, in this paper, seven types of common texture and five vegetation indices were respectively added into TM multispectral bands to classify using three different methods, which are Minimum Distance, Maximum Likelihood and Support Vector Machine, and analyze the effect on winter wheat identification accuracy by comparing the classification results. The contexture include Mean, Variance, Homogeneity, Contrast, Dissimilarity, Entropy, Variance, Angular Second Moment and Correlation, and the vegetation indices are RVI, SAVI, RDVI, NDWI and SLAVI.

为此，该文将平均值、方差、均一性、反差、相异性、熵、角二阶矩、灰度相关7种纹理信息以及比值植被指数、土壤调整植被指数、重归一化植被指数、植被液态水含量指数、有效叶面积植被指数5种植被指数信息分别加入到TM多光谱数据中，同时还进行了最佳波段选择，利用最小距离、最大似然和支持向量机3种方法进行分类提取小麦，研究了不同特征信息对小麦测量精度的影响。

The main drum of running accuracy directly affects the business card printing and membership card production quality is good or bad, is-no instilla overprinter, reseaus, coloring anisotropism has a direct relationship.

主滚筒的运转精度间接感冻到制卡和会员卡制作质量的短长，差于是-非会不销生套印、网纹、着色不平衡有着间接的干系。

The efficacy of presently used therapeutic oximes (such as pralidoxime, obidoxime, HI-6, etc.) as reactivators of inhibited AChE is different for various organophosphate. Moreover, the used oximes are hard to resolve in human blood and can t penetrate center nerve system easily. So many researchers work hard to seek for a broad-spectrum oxime suitable for the antidotal agents of poisoning with all organophosphorus.

由于当前所用的解磷啶、双复磷、HI-6等肟类解毒药对各种有机磷毒剂的重活化效果差异较大，脂溶性差，难以通过生物膜渗透到中枢神经系统，对中枢激动症状无显著疗效，因而寻求高效能的重活化剂一直是许多研究者努力的方向。

We calculate the field distribution near focus of an aplanatic system for incident ASPBs with different polarization orders and initial azimuthal angles, and based on the simulation results, we find some unique focusing properties of the beams, such as ever on-axis energy null, strong longitudinal field, and flowerlike intensity distribution at focus.

计算了不同偏振级次和偏振初始角的轴对称偏振光束当入射到无球差系统时在焦点附近的场分布，通过这些模拟结果，发现了该光束一些独特的聚焦特性，例如光轴强度始终为零、具有较强的轴向光场以及在焦点附近场呈现花瓣状分布等。

By using machine vision and digital image processing technology to fabric defect detection , this paper brings forward a new method of detection of fabric defect, namely image distance difference arithmetic.

本文将机器视觉与数字图像处理技术引入到织物疵点检测中，提出了一种织物疵点检测算法——图像距离差算法。

By applying machine vision and digital image processing technology to fabric defect detection ,this paper puts forward a new method of detection of fabric defect,namely image distance difference arithmetic,which includes image collection,image precess and defect detection.

将机器视觉与数字图像处理技术引入到织物疵点检测中，提出了一种织物疵点检测算法———图像距离差算法，即图像采集、图像处理、疵点识别等。

Now, with eight Top 10 Most Popular Star Awards in the bag – just two shy of an All-Time Favourite Star Award for artistes who take home 10 – Jacelyn is displaying the same astuteness she has in business, in her showbiz career.

秀珍已经拿到了8次"十大"，还差两个就可以获得"超级红星"了——她在演艺事业中展示了她在商界的才华。

However, as Fama and French (2002) note, the time-series standard errors of the coefficient estimates can be biased downward by autocorrelation in the coefficient estimates.

然而，由于和法国法玛（2002）注意到，该系数估计时间序列的标准差可以向下偏估计的自相关系数。

The many exact solutions, such as, trigonometric function, solitary pattern solutions, solitary wave solutions, Jacobi and Weierstrass elliptic function solutions are given by the auxiliary equation method.

近来，随着计算机技术的发展，关于孤立波的研究越来越多的依赖于计算机软件的应用，随之产生了一系列求解非线性波动方程的新方法，并且这些方法逐渐的被应用到离散的非线性微分—差分系统中来研究离散系统的孤立波问题。

This brought fixed cost, but it also is meant at the same time use a source to won't make you singlehanded assume a problem.

这带来了一定的成本，但它同时也意味着使用开源不会让你独力承担问题。

He gained a small fortune in real estate.

他在房地产上发了一笔小财。