利用职务便利的犯罪

Proceeding with the criminal structure , the writer discusses several basic fields of bribery , such as the main body , theobject , the content and area of boodle ," exploiting official advantage "," seeking interest for other persons " and so on . form this , the writer also analyses the characteristic of main body , the accomplice of bribery , the principle of mastering the area of bribery and raise some new points about the object of bribery , the time divergence of main body , the connotation of boodle and interest

本文从受贿罪的犯罪构成入手，对受贿罪的主体、受贿罪的客体、贿赂的内容与范围、"利用职务上的便利"和"为他人谋取利益"几个基本层面进行了研讨，重点分析了受贿罪主体的特性、受贿罪的共犯、掌握贿赂范围的原则、"利用职务上的便利"和"为他人谋取利益"的认定等内容，在受贿罪客体的科学表述、贿赂的界定和"利益"的内涵中提出了自己一些新的认识。

Crime of bribery, as a kind of the crime of malversations, refers to criminality that the missionaries of national organs exploit the official advantage to receive or extort boodle, with seeking interest for other persons.

在我国，受贿罪作为一种渎职犯罪，指国家机关工作人员利用职务上的便利，收受、索取贿赂，而为相对人谋取利益的犯罪行为。

"To seek benefit for briber" is one of elements of the crime of taking bribes according to the rules of The Criminal Law Of The People's Republic Of China, but there are deferent views on this element. This thesis argues that the element is superfluous and unnecessary and should be abolished in the elements of the crime of taking bribes.

在我国 ，刑法规定非索取性受贿罪的成立要求有"为他人谋取利益"这一要素，而刑法理论上对这一要素在犯罪构成中的地位存在着种种不同的主张，文章在对这种种主张进行分析后认为，无论采用那一种主张，都会造成一些利用职务上的便利非法收受他人财物者逃脱受贿罪的刑事责任，应从刑法的规定中去除这一要素。

The state-owend enterprise changes the functionary crime in making, great majority takes a variety of illegal means embezzle, diddle, corruption case that owns public property, also have, some it is to use functionary advantage to be other seek interest, be asked for from which or receive the case of bribery, even some since corruption, it is take bribes or the case of defalcate.

国企改制中的职务犯罪，大多数采取多种非法手段侵吞、骗取、占有公共财产的贪污案件，也有—些是利用职务便利为他人谋取利益，从中索取或收受贿赂的案件，甚至有些既是贪污、又是受贿或挪用公款的案件。

The generalized jobbery crime refers to the personnel responsible for management functions by its management of the conveniences of crime, Special position crime refers to the national management functions for state functionaries of state organs or personnel who abuse their power or profane duties, undermining the country management function of crime.

广义的职务犯罪，是指负有管理职能的人员利用其管理的便利条件所实施的犯罪；狭义的职务犯罪，是指负有国家管理职能的国家工作人员或国家机关工作人员滥用职权或亵渎职责，破坏国家管理职能的犯罪。

The author explains his understanding and determination on irregular profit, his meditation on seeking irregular profit in the crime of mediatory accepting bribes, and determination on the formed convenient condition by exploiting one"s office of status, the retiring state personnel"s formed convenient condition by exploiting his office of status ,omer state personnels official acts and responsibility etc .

全文共分为三章，内容包括斡旋受贿犯罪的客体，不正当利益、利用职权或地位形成的便利条件，阐述了不正当利益的理解与认定，&谋取不正当利益&在斡旋受贿犯罪中的定位思考，以及利用职权或地位形成的便利条件的理解、认定，离退休国家工作人员利用职务或地位形成的便利条件的认定，其他国家工作人员的职务行为及责任认定等方面。

We should analyze this kind of situation upwards in four aspects: Firstly, if the actions which the non-national official accepts the bribe, are the main factors or playing a dominant role in the process, it would be regarded as common crime. Secondly, whether the family members of national official can constitute the main body of common bribery crime or not, it should be analyzed according to the characteristic and situation of bribery. Thirdly, when national official and company staff accepts bribery together by one"s duty, he should be criminated as the crime quality of the person who commits a crime by his duty. When the national official accepts the bribery by his duty or by his duty and other"s duty together, he should be criminated as bribery crime. But for the company staff, he should be criminated as the bribery crime of non-national official. Fourthly, when the national official asks the briber to send property to the third person, he would be criminated as bribery crime. And it will be analyzed concretely whether the third person is the common bribery crime or not. But the national official who tells the non-national official to ask and accept property should be the common bribery crime.

对非国家工作人员构成共同受贿犯罪的情况从四个方面进行分析：一、非国家工作人员实施收受贿赂的行为如起到支配和控制作用，则构成共同实行犯；二、对国家工作人员家属是否构成共同受贿的主体，应当根据其参与受贿的特点和情形进行分析；三、国家工作人员和公司企业人员利用一方职务共同受贿，应以利用职务便利实施的行为人的犯罪性质定罪，分别利用各自职务和既利用各自职务又利用对方职务共同受贿宜分别定罪，国家工作人员以受贿罪定罪量刑，公司企业人员以非国家工作人员受贿罪定罪量刑；四、国家工作人员指使行贿人将财物送给第三者，国家工作人员的行为应以受贿罪论处，第三者是否成立受贿罪的共犯应当具体情况具体分析，国家工作人员唆使非国家工作人员索取、收受财物的行为应当认定为受贿罪的共同实行犯。

Article 82 is changed into Article 85, which is modified as:"In case an employee of a commercial bank defalcates, embezzles or encroaches the capital of the bank or the clients by availing himself of his position, which constitutes a crime, he shall be subject to criminal liabilities according to law; or shall be imposed a disciplinary punishment if his act is not serious enough to constitute a crime".

三十三、第八十二条改为第八十五条，修改为：&商业银行工作人员利用职务上的便利，贪污、挪用、侵占本行或者客户资金，构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任；尚不构成犯罪的，应当给予纪律处分。&

Article 85 In case an employee of a commercial bank defalcates, embezzles or encroaches the capital of the bank or the clients by availing himself of his position, which constitutes a crime, he shall be subject to criminal liabilities according to law; or shall be imposed a disciplinary punishment if his act is not serious enough to constitute a crime.

第八十五条商业银行工作人员利用职务上的便利，贪污、挪用、侵占本行或者客户资金，构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任；尚不构成犯罪的，应当给予纪律处分。

Any staff member serving in the authority responsible for foreign trade in accordance with this Law, who extorts property from others with job convenience or illegally accepts others' property and seeks advantages for them in return shall be prosecuted for criminal liabilities if the case constitutes a crime, or shall be subject to administrative sanctions if the case does not constitute a crime in accordance with the law.

w/ w9 g7 p# f1 \9 V 依照本法负责对外贸易管理工作的部门的工作人员利用职务上的便利，索取他人财物，或者非法收受他人财物为他人谋取利益，构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任；尚不构成犯罪的，依法给予行政处分。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。