判断的标准

And, more importantly, they provide a strong defense: Under the test set forth in 1973, in Miller v. California, obscene material "must, taken as a whole, lack serious scientific, literary or artistic value."

而且，非常重要的是，它们为其提供强有力的抗辩权：1973年在&米勒诉加利福尼亚案&中设定了其判断标准，即淫秽信息&必须被认为总体上缺乏严肃的、科学的、文学的或艺术价值。&

Using a price equation to compare more than 1,000 bottles of Bordeaux and Burgundy wines tasted blindly by experts, Sébastien Lecocq and Michael Visser, of the French National Institute for Agricultural Research, find that the price of wine is largely determined by objective standards such as colour, ranking and vintage, rather than simply by taste and smell.

法国国家农业研究所的勒科克（Sébastien Lecocq）和维什先让专家们随机品尝超过1000瓶的波尔多葡萄酒和勃艮第葡萄酒，然后再通过使用价格公式进行对比研究，他们发现红酒价格在很大程度上都取决于如成色、等级和酿制年份之类的客观标准，而对口味和气味的判断则显得很随意。

Furthermore, although copyright law already has the "fair use" doctrine to protect freedom of speech, the abuse or misuse of takedown notices and the ambiguity of fair use doctrine lead to chilling effects of internet speech.

又对於该类型网站使用者的言论自由，著作权法中原有「合理使用」条款以为保障。然而通知取下制度的滥用与误用以及合理使用判断标准的模糊不清造成网路言论的寒蝉效应。

This paper simulates how the additional flutter signal impacts on oil pressure and actuator output when the dead zone is kept. The proper principle of flutter signal for jam diagnosis is given. Based on the given flutter signal, different jams caused by jam of the EH servo valve under different operating condition are simulated and the output of the oil pressure and actuator are presented. Meanwhile, waving threshold of the oil pressure for jam diagnosis is given. The simulations and analysis prove that the jam fault identification of the EH servo valve based on flutter signal is feasible.

在应用附加振颤信号防止和识别卡涩故障的前提下，确定了振颤信号的选取原则，并采用仿真的方法深入探讨了3种变工况条件下不同卡涩程度对电液转换器油压和油动机输出的影响，提出了油压阈值的卡涩判断标准，论证了基于振颤信号幅值与频率响应监测电液转换器卡涩故障诊断方法的可行性。

The author reasons by discussing from angles of definition, inscapes, classification, and scope of damage etc., in order to seek a balance between the protections of litigation parties. Also, several issues implemented in the last part are argued here.

本章从概念、构成要件、类型、范围等方面论证了恶意诉讼应有的判断标准，从而寻找一个保护当事人诉讼权利和相对人利益的平衡点，也对最后具体的条文建议中的各个分论点进行了论证。

Jiang in his report scientifically explains that socialism is a great cause that takes a millennium to complete,making ma jor decisions for reforming and perfecting modes of structures of ownership and distribution at the primary stag...

报告科学地阐明社会主义是需要百年奠基的千秋大业，坚持以解放生产力还是束缚生产力为判断所有制结构、分配结构的唯一标准，就如何改革和完善社会主义初级阶段的所有制结构和分配结构分配方式，作出了具有重大历史意义的决策。

Finally, based on the consistence analysis of both formulations, quantitative judgment criteria are concluded to cap- ture the relationship between the theoretical constrained DOFs and the practical constrained DOFs.

最后，基于对两种公式化所做的一贯分析，数量上的判断标准被总结出来获取理论上的受约制自由度和实践上的受约制自由度。

The case of digital library copyright dispute is analyzed by the assessment criterion of the copyright's fair use.

从合理使用的判断标准分析了数字图书馆知识产权的相关案例；从民法的私法精神入手指出财产权制度的意义与特征。

Cinnamomea fruiting body. The malt extract agar was the basic medium used in this study. The standard MEA formula was designated as 100%, and a series of dilution of the MEA were made to culture A. cinnamomea. During the culture period, we determine the formation of fruiting body by visual and microscopic observation on A.

把标准的MEA配方视为100%，对其做一系列的稀释，用来培养樟芝，在培养的过程，发现子实体的形成，以肉眼和显微镜判断其多孔性状的生成，再以HPLC进行分析。

This paper tries to reveal the standards of trade secret,the judge of infringment as well as the speciality of adjudgement for trade secret,in order to contribute to the perfection of intellectual property law in China.

本文对商业秘密的判断标准、侵权行为的认定以及商业秘密案件在审理中的独特性，进行了初步的探讨，以期为我国知识产权法律体系的进一步完善作出点滴贡献。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。