判例

American culture must shake itself from the idea that legal precedent is the end-all and be-all of law and evolve with the times .

美国文化必须从法律以判例原则为中心的理想化当中自我猛醒并与时俱进。

Moreover, it can reduce and avoid to some extent the losses suffered by ship's creditors and provide a good legal circumstance for the booming development of ship financing and service trade at sea.

本文全面论述了船舶物权保护制度的内容、结构；通过比较英美法系和大陆法系主要国家、地区关于船舶物权法律规范的不同规定，从多个角度分析了各国船舶物权保护制度的特点，并参阅、分析了英美法系国家一些重要的海事判例；介绍了相关的国际公约；尤其对我国船舶物权保护的一些具体问题作了较为深入的研究，希望对我国《海商法》第2章的修改有所裨益。这既是作者在本文中进行研究的出发点，也是最终目的。

Chapter one mainly summarizes the basic theories with respect to parallel importing. Parallel importing which is also called "gray markets", are not generally considered illegal, in contrast to the "black" markets of stolen or counterfeit goods. Rather,"gray goods" are genuine in terms of their manufacturer, but their distribution is "unauthorized" by the holder of intellectual property right after their lawful first sale (note:"parallel importing" and "gray market" used in this article shall be deemed fungible).

因此本文在结构安排上不对三者划分截然的界限，本文采取总分结构，第一章为总论部分，着重概述三个领域的平行进口涉及到的共同问题，第二章至第四章是分论部分，将以国别为主线，着重介绍和讨论美国、欧盟以及其他国家和地区的立法和判例，对每一个国家而言，三者共同的地方进行综合论述，有差异的地方则分别进行论述。

These countries are the representative countries in their commonlaw and continental law systems.

这些国家分别是判例法与成文法系中最具代表性的国家。

The Banco;Owners of the Motor Vessel Monte Ulia v. Owners of the Ships Bawco and Others [1971]1 AllE.

班科号船；蒙蒂号机动船船主诉班科号船船主和其他人案，(1971)，《全英判例汇编》，第1卷，第524页

United Steelworkers of America, 110 S.

如&多尔诉美洲联合钢铁工人&案［载于《美国最高法院判例汇编》第110卷，第929页（1990）］。

Based on case study, this article analyses the elements and remedies of the law of nuisance in Amer...

本文通过判例研究，分析了美国财产法妨害制度的构成要件和救济方式；并以科斯定理为基础，对该制度进行了经济分析。

In civil law countries the day that written law be monarch of all one surveys is over , they think more and more of precedents in .

大陆法系国家制定法占绝对优势的时代已经过去，他们越来越重视判例在司法实践中的作用，法官在法律发展方面所起的作用逐渐显著。

It is generally assumed, however, that the legal position in the Australian Capital Territory is the same as the legal position established at any given time by case law in New South Wales.

据一般假设，但该法律的立场在澳大利亚首都直辖区的法律地位是一样的，在任何时候成立的新南威尔士州判例。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。