初速度

When the cooling rate is 3570℃/min, the aspect ratio of rodlike Si increases.

当冷却速度达到3570℃/min时，初晶硅均呈现长棒状。

Conventional methods that are on basis of refraction arrival time or microlog cannot yield proper LVZ velocity or static quantities in areas with complex near surface conditions.

理论模型试验结果表明利用层析成像技术可由初至波的到达时反演表层低速带速度并求得静校正量。正演使用最短路径法射线追踪，反演采用SIRT方法。

In 1990s, the trends of economic globalization brought about new markets, new competitors, new products and new technologies, which dramatically increase the speed business, doubles the instability of capital market as well. At the beginning of 21~ century, the corporation bankrupts and governance crisis happened one after another, which not only makes investors, employers and other stakeholders being disastrous, but also means the beginning of the era of risk management. It is necessary for enterprises to focus on how to avoid risk and setting risk management as their core strategy.

到了20世纪90年代，经济的全球化趋势产生了新的市场、新的竞争者、新的产品，新的技术，戏剧性地加快商业发展的速度，并且加大了资金市场的不稳定性，21世纪之初持续爆发的公司崩溃和治理危机，使投资者、公司员工和其他利益相关者因此而遭受了巨大的损失，彻底拉开了风险管理年代的序幕，规避风险及视风险管理为核心策略的企业需要已渐趋成熟。

But Prof Kennedy was also bedazzled by the rise of Japan, arguing that it was "likely to expand faster than the other major powers in the future" and would be "much more powerful" economically by the early 21st century.

但肯尼迪教授还是为日本的崛起所迷惑，宣称该国&今后的扩张速度可能比其它主要大国都快&，此外，到21世纪初，日本经济将&远为强大&。

3D-CTM (Coupled Thermo-Mechanical Forming Simulation) software for precision forging process of aero-engine blade was developed. The key technologies of 3D coupled rigid-viscoplastic thermo-mechanical FEM simulation of blade forging process were studied systematically. By using the remeshing method of contracting from the boundary to the inner, new mesh system from old distorted mesh system can be obtained. A method of modifying the position of nodes touching on the die according to its original normal was proposed to avoid "dead lock" problem due to uncontinuity of normal of scatted die meshes. The pseudo-static iterative algorithm was used to simplify the coupled thermo-mechanical computation. In particular, formulations to determine relaxation factor β was established for rigid viscoplastic FEM adopting penalty function method, and an improved cubic factor rapid algorithm derived from these formulations was proposed by combining with the advantage of advance and retreat search method.

采用基于边界构形的内缩法，实现了三维畸变网格的重新划分；提出了初矢修正法对触模节点的位置进行修正，解决了由于离散的模具网格的法矢不连续造成的&死锁&问题；采用准静态迭代法简化了速度场和温度场耦合计算过程；特别是针对减速因子β的选取，建立了适用于三维复杂成形过程刚粘塑性罚函数法有限元三次因子法的计算公式，并结合进退搜索法提出了改进的三次因子快速算法，提高了模拟计算效率和稳定性，在此基础之上，开发了面向叶片精锻过程的三维刚粘塑性热力耦合有限元模拟分析系统(3D-CTM)，系统的可靠性得到了圆柱体镦粗的验证。

Let's view from global scope, according to UN's statistics, the global consumption of freshwater has increased about 7-8 times since the beginning of the 20th century, which trebles the population growth speed. At present, about 1.4 billion people are short of safe and clean drinking-water on a global scale, namely, one out of five lacks water at an average level.

从全球范围来看，根据联合国统计，全球淡水消耗量20世纪初以来增加了约6－7倍，比人口增长速度高2倍，全球目前有14亿人缺乏安全清洁的饮用水，即平均每5人中便有l人缺水。

Let's view from global scope,according to UN's statistics, the global consumption of freshwaterhas increased about 7-8 times since the beginning of the 20thcentury, and its increase speed trebles the population growthspeed.

从全球范围来看，根据联合国统计，全球淡水消耗量20世纪初以来增加了约6－7倍，比人口增长速度高2倍，全球目前有14亿人缺乏安全清洁的饮用水，即平均每5人中便有l人缺水。

In the paper, the BP Neural Network is introduced to pick up the first break. And aiming at the shortcomings of BP neural network, such as the low speed in training, the tendency to local minimum, the limitation of amplitude, the momentum factor method and the self-adjusting learning rate are used to improve the BP algorithm.

将BP神经网络引入到初至波拾取中，并针对经典BP神经网络收敛速度慢、易于陷入局部极小的缺点，利用组合函数法、限幅法、动量因子法及自适应学习率法等进行了改进。

Protected cultivation of fruit trees in Shandong province started from 1990's,and the production area reached to 15400 hm2 in 2002, the yield was 180 000 t, and the fruit trees mainly concentrated on strawberry, peach, plum, apricot, cherry, pear and grape.

protected cultivation ；山东省的果树设施栽培从90年代初起步，90年代中期开始迅速发展，到2002年全省果树设施栽培面积已达1.54万hm2，产量18万t，栽培树种有草莓、桃、李、杏、大樱桃、梨、葡萄等，已经成为全国发展速度最快、规模最大的果树设施栽培生产基地。

After heat treatment, borides of samples made of sand mould were changed little, otherwise, borides of samples made of metal mould were changed to granulation shape and the impact toughness was increased by 60%..

高硼铁基合金熔体在金属模和砂模不同凝固条件时，奥氏体初晶晶粒随冷却速度增加而减小，硼化物形态发生较大变化；热处理后，砂模铸造的试样，硼化物形态变化不大，而金属模铸造的试样硼化物粒化，其冲击韧度提高了60％。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。