初级的

To investigate whether the expression of cdc2 and cyclin B1 in spermatogenic cells during spermatogenesis is actually a temperature dependent event, in situ hybridization, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry analysis were used to study the expression of cdc2 and cyclin B1 in normal and cryptorchid testis. Results showed that heat would differentially hurt male germ cells in different developmental stages during spermatogenesis, especially the pachytene primary spermatocytes. Most of spermatogonia in contralateral cryptorchid testis were not harmed fatally by heat as yet, indicating that spermatogonia could resist to beat to a certain extent. In this case spermatogonia could develop to pachytene/diplotene primary spermatocytes, but they could not acquire the ability to complete the transition from mitosis to meiosis, and then appeared to go through apoptosis. Therefore, we could not find the descendants of meiosis: secondary spermatocytes and round spermatids, elongated spermatids and spermatozoon. The abdominal temperature had no significant influence on the transcription of cdc2 and cyclin B1 in the spermatogonia and pachytene/diplotene primary spermatocytes. In normal rabbit testis, cyclin B1 increased in the pachytene/diplotene primary spermatocytes before meiosis and reached its peak in the spermatids.

为了解精子正常发生过程中cdc2和cyclin B1表达的低温依赖性，我们利用原位杂交和免疫组化等方法，研究了正常和隐睾精子发生过程中cdc2和cyclin B1的转录和翻译调控活动，结果表明：（1）热对各阶段的雄性生殖细胞都有损害，粗线期的初级精母细胞尤为敏感，实验性隐睾内的精原细胞尚未完全受到"致命"影响，说明精原细胞对热有一定的耐受性，但即使成为粗线期／双线期初级精母细胞，却未能获得由有丝分裂过渡到减数分裂的能力，呈现不同程度的凋亡，所以在整个切片中找不到源自减数分裂的产物----次级精母细胞、圆形精子细胞，更谈不上长形精子细胞和精子的形成；（2）腹腔高温未明显地影响隐睾精原细胞和粗线期/双线期初级精母细胞中cyclinB1和cdc2的转录，说明高温并不是通过影响cyclin B1和cdc2的转录活动而导致生精过程阻断的；（3）正常兔睾丸组织中，〓在精原细胞和粗线期／双线期精母细胞中均有表达：cyclin B1蛋白在减数分裂前期的粗线期／双线期初级精母细胞中的表达量增加，于变态末期的精子细胞中达高峰。

Institute of Power and Electronic Technology, Naval University of EngineeringAbstract : Due to the existence of long unexcited primary between the import and export of linear induction motor with multi-segment primary, the static longitudinal end effect are different comparing with conventional LIM.

多段初级直线感应电动机(linear induction motor，LIM)由于在通电初级绕组外还存在较长的不通电初级铁心，因此这种结构的直线感应电动机的磁场边界条件与传统直线感应电动机不同，静态纵向边端效应对电机性能的影响也存在较大差异。

The apoptosis of 80 mg/kg ﹒ d group was mainly located in spermatogenous cell and first spermatocyte; the apoptosis of 120 mg/kg ﹒ d group was mainly located in spermatogenous cell , first spermatocyte and spermatocyte of the second order; the apoptosis of 240 mg/kg ﹒ d group was mainly located in spermatogenous cell and first spermatocytes, and seemingly, the apoptosis located in first spermatocyte was dominant; whereas the apoptosis of 480 mg/kg ﹒ d group was located in all levels spermatogenic cells.

结果表明：各试验组小鼠生精细胞凋亡指数随着浓度的升高有增加的趋势，而且与对照组差异显著（ P ＜0.05或 P ＜0.01）。80 mg/kg · d 组凋亡细胞主要定位于精原细胞和初级精母细胞；120 mg/kg · d 组凋亡细胞主要定位于精原细胞、初级精母细胞和次级精母细胞；240 mg/kg · d 组凋亡细胞主要定位于精原细胞、初级精母细胞，以初级精母细胞为最多；而480 mg/kg · d 组凋亡细胞定位于各级生精细胞。

Based on a long term(14 years) research on the primary productivity of Stipa krylovii community,the influence of seasonal distribution of precipitation on the primary productivity of the community was examined,and the influential coefficients of ten day precipitation from January to August on the primary productivity of the community were calculated using an integral regression model.

本文根据克氏针茅草原群落初级生产力连续14年的定位观测资料，分析了降水量及其季节分配对群落初级生产力年度波动的影响，并应用积分回归模型，计算出1～8月各旬降水量对群落初级生产力的影响系数。

Improved double disk targets are used to investigate X ray re emission from gold material heated by radiation.The primary disk is an oblique cylinder cavity.X ray radiation emitted from the Au foil in the rear of the cavity ablates secondary Au disk.

采用改进型双盘靶结构，初级改用为斜柱腔结构，激光加热初级薄箔，后向出射的X光烧蚀次级，这样降低初级等离子体喷射的影响，使烧蚀次级的X光更纯净。

Combining with the practice of curriculum setting in our primary command vocational education academy at moment, according to the guidance, course and policy of vocational education from headquarters at high level, theory of education target assorting, principle of Thaler, degree theory, category and sequence, means of differentiation and plan are applied comprehensively, and the principle of curriculum setting and curriculum system structure in primary command vocational education academy are pointed out, and the target of vocational education in primary command academy, the principle , contents and methods of curriculum target setting are circumstantiated through investigation and consultation, theoretic analysis and general comparison; the process of curriculum setting in primary command vocational education academy is defined; the curriculum system of vocational education in primary command academy is devised innovatively; with regard to the implementation and optimization of curriculum in military primary command academy, general requirements and basic principles and standards are proposed after pointing out the influencing factors and implementation process.

通过调查咨询、理论分析研究、综合对照比较，结合当前我军初级指挥院校任职教育课程设置的实际，以军委总部关于任职教育的指导思想、方针和政策为政策依据，综合运用了教育目标分类理论、泰勒原理、学历论、范畴与序列、分化与统整等原理和方法，确立了军队初级指挥院校任职教育课程设置的原则；具体设想了适应军队初级指挥院校任职教育的课程体系架构，说明了初级指挥院校任职教育目标与课程目标确立的原则、内容和方法；阐述了初级指挥院校任职教育课程设置的程序；创新提出了初级指挥院校任职教育模块式的课程体系方案，并具体研究提出了合训分流学员的教育内容设置；就军队初级指挥院校任职教育课程实施，分析了影响因素，提出了总体要求，探讨了课程实施过程中主要环节的质量控制。

To start the reaction , water fills a priming chamber and solution chamber of the primary vessel , the priming chamber being located in an upper portion of the primary vessel , and an air pump forces a predetermined portion of water from the priming chamber via a feed line through a grommet at the top of the canister to a chemical reaction chamber of the canister along with a continuous air flow .

开始反应，水充满初级室和初级反应器溶液室，初级室是安装在1级反应器上部，并用空气泵驱驶水由初级室管道供给线通过罐子顶部的环眼并随连续的空气流进入罐子的化学反应室。

Primary crushing feed and crusher must have certain height difference between them, this planning has considered taking advantage of height difference to install primary crushing equipments.

初级破碎进料和破碎机之间必须有一定的高度差，本规划设计已经考虑利用地形高度差安装布置初级破碎设备，请看下面附件中的&初级破碎立面图&。

It is meaningful how to use information technology means (including multimedia, network, and virtual reality) for training, and keep going on to study the cases of dealing with burst out affairs and turn over fear, making of hammer-harden of learner synthesis diathesis.

本论文从武警部队初级指挥学院教育训练的现状出发，指出目前武警初级指挥院校在运用信息化手段进行教育训练方面存在的不足，在以建构主义学习理论为代表的先进的教育学习理论指导下，运用分布式虚拟现实技术、Agent技术和知识管理技术，依托武警初级指挥院校现有的良好网络基础设施，设计一个面向武警初级指挥学员综合知识学习与指挥能力培养的分布式虚拟训练系统，并进行原型设计与实现，目的是为初级指挥员综合指挥培训创设虚拟训练平台，作为实训教学的有效补充。

The investigation shows that experience selection is the most of methods which have been adopted, testing guideline of selection is unstable, and they do not have evaluation standard, skimble-scamble even index system is not perfect.

本研究认为：初级选材的理论、体操项目特点为初级选材指标理论依据，因项目特点而形成的对运动员身心的特殊要求是确定初级选材指标体系的直接依据。

I can not make it blossom and suits me

我不能让树为我开花

When temperatures are above approximately 80 °C discolouration of the raceways or rolling elements is a frequent feature.

当温度高于 80 °C 左右时，滚道或滚动元件褪色是很常见的特征。