初期

The results showed that the soil catalase and dehydrogenase activities, soil microbial biomass N and microbial biomass C were restrain somewhat by four acetanilide herbicides at the beginning of cultivation, but can recover soon.

研究表明，培养初期丁草胺、乙草胺、丙草胺和异丙甲草胺对土壤过氧化氢酶和脱氢酶活性、对土壤微生物量氮和微生物量碳有不同程度的抑制，但均能很快恢复，四种供试酰胺类除草剂对土壤生态的影响不大，除草剂之间也没有表现出显著差异；培养初期rac-异丙甲草胺和S-isomer高浓度处理均比常规用药量处理对土壤酶、土壤BN和Bc的影响大。

The articled associates with the case study that injected harshness to auxiliary shaft sidewall in the early course of disruption, analysed the destructive reason of sidewall and introduced the constructive technology and experience of using the injected method to cure sidewall disruption in the early course.

结合新庄煤矿副井井壁初期破裂注浆治理的工程实例，分析了井壁破裂的原因，介绍了采用注浆法治理井壁初期破裂的施工技术方法及经验。

Because the fish drying Shrinkage small Shrinkage crack surfaces, more in Water, so the bibulous rate of early (see figure 4) soon, absorbing ability, 1.2 m in bibulous rate (Water absorption Measurement can reach 1 36), In the early EHD water are slower, bibulous rate in 30 m in later, when the water absorption speed enough time to also can achieve higher bibulous rate and natural drying EHD with dry bibulous rate basic same, in addition, natural drying and EHD dry fish good water resistance, 120 m in water can still keep complete shape after drying fish, but by 120 m in pieces after absorbing began.

由于热风干燥鱼的收缩率较小、表面有较多缝隙，所以在吸水初期的吸水速度很快(见图4)，吸水能力很强， 120 m in 吸水率可达到1。 36； EHD在吸水初期的吸水速度均较慢，在30 m in以后吸水速度加快，当吸水时间足够时也能达到较高的吸水率，自然干燥与EHD干燥的吸水率基本相同，另外，自然干燥和EHD干燥鱼的耐水性好， 120 m in 吸水后仍能保持完整形状，而热风干燥鱼经120 m in 吸水后即开始溃散。

More than 50 GaAs/GaAlAs High Power Single Quantum Well Semiconductor Lasers are aged. The threshold current decreases during the early aging (first 520 h) and the largest decrease is 57 mA. From the aging result of more than 1000 h at constant current, we find that output power increases during the early aging , and then decay slowly according to exponent law.

通过对50余只808nm的GaAs/GaAlAs高功率单量子阱远结半导体激光器的老化实验观测，在老化初期（前520h），阈值电流随老化时间的延长而下降，下降幅度高达57mA，从1000h多的恒流电老化结果可以看出，器件的输出光功率在老化初期有所上升，随后，表现出按指数规律缓慢下降的行为。

The results demonstrated that the fractional conversion and reaction rate were rapidly increased in the initial curing reaction. The higher the curing temperature, the higher the fractional conversion and reaction rate was. With increasing of the curing temperature and time, the fractional conversion and reaction rate decreased and became constantly. The initial curing reaction was a first order reaction. The apparent activation energy and frequency factor of curing reaction used G- capryl ester was bigger than that of used G-oligomer.

结果表明：固化体系在研究的固化温度下，转化率和反应速率在固化反应初期增加快速，温度越高增加越快，随着固化时间的延长，这种变化逐渐变慢，并最终趋于恒定；初期固化反应为一级反应，反应初期的表观活化能和指前因子大小顺序为G-预聚体＞G-辛酯。

The secondary root number per plant of Yumai No 49,a mi d-s trength quality wheat,is the smallest among the three varieties except the winte r stage but its root system quality is the best;the intensity of reducing TTC an d the activity of SOD of fresh wheat root are the highest during the period fro m winter stage to flag leaf stage.Since flag leaf stage,its physiological charac ters are weaker and have bigger variation during whole stage.The secondary root number per plant of Yumai No 50,a soft quality wheat,is the biggest except duri ng winter stage,and its dry weight of root of single plant is the heaviest in ev ery stage.Before 19th,March,its intensity of reducing TTC is the weakest and dec reases abruptly after flag leaf stage,but its activity of SOD decreases slowly.R oot dry weight per plant of Yumai No 34,a high quality wheat,is the smallest amo ng the three varieties and its root system quality is the weakest.Before jointin g stage,the intensity of reducing TTC is stronger,but after that,it decreases sl owly though it is smaller,and the activity of SOD decreases slowly in every stag e.

中筋小麦豫麦49号除越冬初期外，其它各时期单株次生根条数均为最少，单株根干重介于豫麦34号及豫麦50号之间，单根质量高；越冬初期至挑旗期，根系活力、根中SOD活性均强于其它两个品种，挑旗后，根系生理活性较小，整个生育期根系生理活性变化幅度大；弱筋小麦豫麦50号除越冬初期外，其它各时期单株次生根条数均最多，单株根干重各时期均为最大；拔节前根系活力最弱，挑旗后根系活力下降幅度较大，根中SOD活性较强且各时期变化幅度不大；强筋小麦豫麦34号，单株根干重最小，根系质量最差；拔节前根系活力较强，拔节后根系活动较弱，下降速度缓慢，根中SOD活性各时期变化幅度较小。

In functional study, overexpression assay was conducted in potato. Interestingly, tuberous swelling along roots was observed in some transgenic potato lines in addition to stem-derived tuber formation. Conclusively, we propose a hypothesis to illustrate the mechanism by which IbMADS1 participates in the initiation of tuberization in sweet potato.

利用解剖切片观察并比较转殖马铃薯与野生型甘薯的根部块状膨大区域，可以发现两者在膨大初期，中柱内含的细胞数皆增多，尤其是木质部细胞出现不正常增生情形，进而扩展中柱区域；因此，我们可以初步推论在甘薯块根发育初期，IbMADS1藉著作用於根部分生组织，尤其是中柱的原始形成层，从而促进细胞分裂，并参与甘薯的初期结薯。

Five pieces of paleogeographic maps were made out with modern stratigraphic principles and sedimantary system method. It is shown by the maps that in the beginning of the Changzhougou time the Yanshan Region was occupied by alluvial environment with paleoriver flowing northeast, in the middle of the Changzhougou time a transgression changed whole Yanshan Region into shoreline-shallow sea environment gradually, and sedimentary boundary extended so continuously that by the Gaoyuzhuang time it had overpassed far beyond the Yanshan Region.

在缺乏良好等时面的情况下，本文依据现代地层学原理和沉积体系分析法编制了常州沟组初期与中期，串岭沟组初期，大红峪组初期，及高于庄组初期燕山地区的岩相古地理图，示意了燕山地区在长城纪时由冲积扇-河流为主的陆地环境向滨海-浅海环境的演变过程，并揭示了沉积区域不断扩大的趋势，表明常州沟组初期，以蓟县-宽城为轴线发育了冲积相组，海岸线可能在燕山以北，常州沟组中期发生海侵，沉积区扩大至整个燕山地区，大红峪组时海盆范围继续扩大，高于庄组时，沉积边界已远远超出燕山地区。

In the process of immigration of eastern Sichuan and western Hubei, at least three issues are worthy of noting: one, the settlers had a difficult trip, life was unstable and crafts was extremely difficult in the mountain region in early time; two, Land disputes are more common in initial time of immigration, occupying boundary, subleasing, reselling and looting land often caused fights even murder, which shows early highly complex relation of immigration in community; three, immigrants plays a very important role in the development of local economy. If the local economic development can be divided into four stages, the fourth period (that is, from the middle of the 18th century to the 19th century) is the most important period for immigration, is the period of fastest development of economy and is the period of the local economic development the largest impacted by immigrants.

初期移民社会至少有三个问题引起本文注意，首先、移民们行程艰难，到达深山地区初期的生活很不稳定，劳作极其艰辛；其次、土地纠纷是初期移民社会较为普遍的现象，蒙混占界、转租转卖、抢占土地往往引起群殴甚至酿成命案，初期移民社会围绕土地争夺而展开的各种关系极为复杂；三、移民给当地社会经济带来了较大的变化，如果可以将唐宋至十九世纪末当地经济的发展分为四个时期，那么，第三个时期(即十八世纪中叶到十九世纪)是移民的重要时期也是当地经济发展最快的时期，移民对经济发展变化的影响是很大的。

According to the pertinent data research knew that,The overseas equipment is makes about 1000 times in the test platform, eliminates the initial period breakdown in the test chamber, because the direction valve use reliable curve is the bathtub curve, namely use initial period and the later period failure rate is highest, therefore carries on the movement and several dozens hour circulation flushings before the installment to the valve, causes the high breakdown the use initial period to pass in the test chamber, thus has obtained the high equipment reliability.

据有关资料研究得知：国外设备是在试验台上作1000次左右，将初期故障消除在试验室，因为方向阀的使用可靠性曲线是浴盆曲线，即使用初期及后期故障率最高，因此在安装前对阀进行动作及几十小时循环冲洗，，使高故障的使用初期在试验室度过，从而获得了高的设备可靠性。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。