初始线

First, a special normal transversal at the initial point is constructed and a second-order Taylor's algorithm is used to trace the projections along the aforementioned normal transversal. A curvature based method for controlling iteration step is further proposed by projecting the given point onto the curvature circle of the normal transversal at the initial point. Finally gradient based method for correcting iteration errors is put forward.

首先构造初始点处的一条特殊的法截线，并给出沿着该法截线追踪投影点的二阶泰勒迭代方法；然后将给定点向初始点处的法截线的曲率圆作投影，提出基于曲率的步长控制策略，在此基础上给出了基于梯度的迭代误差矫正方法。

When a natural gas network is done off-line numerical simulation,every pipeline needs be distributed initiatory flow as the initiatory value of iterative computation.

引言在对天然气管网进行离线数值模拟计算时，需要给各管段分配初始流量，作为迭代计算的初始值。

By Visual Basic 6.0 program, taken the distance between hole 200mm and buried depth 120～150mm as the optimization goal, the most optimum parameters range of the mechanism was obtained as follows: the initial angle between planet frame and the line formed from spraying-fertilizer needle-tip and planet wheel axle was -45°～-40°, the initial angular displacement of planet frame was 40°～50°, the distance between spraying-fertilizer needle-tip and the planetary gear axle center was 280～300mm, simultaneously, the semi-major axis of elliptic gear was 29.364mm, the teeth quantity was 23, the ratio of semi-minor axes and semi-major axis was 0.958, the radius of circular gear was 25mm.

对该机构进行运动学分析，建立了数学模型，以穴距200mm和入土深度120～150mm为寻优目标，应用Visual Basic 6.0软件编程得出满足机构运动要求的最优参数范围为：喷肥针尖和行星轮轴连线与行星架的初始夹角-45°～-40°、行星架初始角位移40°～50°、喷肥针尖与行星轮轴心距离280～300mm，此时椭圆齿轮长半轴29.364mm、齿数23、短半轴与长半轴比0.958，正圆齿轮半径25mm。

The parameters are :① reservoir effective thickness;② reservoir porosity;③ reservoir volume efficiency;④ fair pay ′ s reservoir volume efficiency;⑤ distance to the fault;⑥ reciprocal of the square root of the distance to the fault ）;⑦ apparent fold strength coefficient;⑧ maximum principal curvature of structural plane;⑨ transversal section line curvature;and ⑩ longitudinal section line curvature.

摘 要 介绍了气井产能的确定方法及地质参数的选择与计算方法：采用初始二项式无阻流量、稳定产量及初始采气指数作为气井产能评价的指标；10项参数分别是①储层有效厚度；②储层孔隙度；③储容系数；④好储层的储容系数；⑤与断层的距离；⑥与断层距离开方的倒数；⑦视褶皱强度系数；⑧构造面最大主曲率；⑨横向剖面线曲率；⑩纵向剖面线曲率。

It shows that it is possible to increase the start oscillation length by tailoring magnetic field's amplitude and its period without changing the synchronous condition of the fundamental wave; in the meantime, when there are two or more azimuthally asymmetric space harmonics in the high power broad-band helix TWTtraveling wave tu...

与此同时，对起振长度、初始非同步速度参量随皮尔斯增益参量、空间电荷参量、损耗参量等的变化，以及在超宽带行波管中当存在两个或多个角向非对称空间谐波时，起振长度、初始非同步速度参量随周期永久聚焦磁场的变化进行了研究。优化设计聚焦磁场、电子注和螺旋线慢波系统的参量可以对螺旋线行波管的稳定性分析提供必要的依据。

The invention provides a dual redundant CAN bus controller, which is arranged on a crewel CAN bus, characterized in that: two CAN bus transceiving modules, two initializing modules are respectively corresponding to the CAN bus controller module A and CAN bus controller module B; the two CAN bus controller modules are respectively connected to the two CAN bus via a driver shifting control unit; the initializing module is connected to the bus control initializing register for initializing the e CAN bus controller modules; a protocol processing module is connected to the FIFO buffer; the FIFO buffer is connected to the node processor via the logical interface; a intermitting process unit sends the corresponding intermitting control signal to the CAN bus transceiving modules according to the CAN bus controller modules; one path of the CAN bus controller module is directly connected to the protocol processing module; another path is connected to the protocol processing module via the bus receiving buffer.

本发明提供了一种双冗余CAN总线控制器，设置于双线CAN总线上，其特征在于：两个CAN总线收发模块、两个初始化模块分别与CAN总线控制器模块A和CAN总线控制器模块B相对应；两个CAN总线控制器模块通过驱动器切换控制单元分别与两条CAN总线相连；初始化模块与总线控制器初始化寄存器相连，对所对应的CAN总线控制器模块进行初始化；协议处理模块与FIFO缓存器相连；FIFO缓存器通过逻辑接口与节点处理器连接；中断处理单元根据CAN总线控制器模块的控制命令对CAN总线收发模块发出相应的中断控制信号；CAN总线收发模块一路与协议处理模块直接相连，另一路通过总线接收缓存器与协议处理模块相连。

After the application of this model to the MITL-A of Sandia Z-accelerator, it is found that: the formation process of magnetical insulation leads to the increase of line current and the decrease of line voltage; If the initial line current is infinite, the terminal line voltage and current are almost the same as the initial ones; If the ratio of the terminal space-electron current to the terminal line current is less than 10%, the change of terminal line voltage and current of the MITL-A relative to the initial is less than 5%.

将模型应用于Z加速器的MITL-A发现：磁绝缘形成过程将导致线电流增加和线电压降低；如果初始时刻的线电流无限大，则终止时刻的线电压和线电流与初始时刻相同；当终止时刻的空间电子电流在线电流中的比例小于10%，则MITL-A终止时刻的线电压和线电流较初始时刻的变化在5%以内。

On the basis of the modification theory, relative modification concept of cycloidal gear pair and the appraisal index of the initial backlash are built to solve the problem that cycloidal gear works unsmoothly in pin wheel of the full-hydrostatic steering control units. The major goal of modification is a uniformity of initial backlash, so equidistance modification that has good effect on improving quality of fluid cycloidal pair is chosen.

为解决全液压转向器转子转动不灵活的问题，在分析现有摆线针轮啮合副齿廓修形理论基础上，建立摆线副修形的相对性概念和间隙分布评价指标，提出无系杆摆线副修形的主要目标应使初始间隙分布均匀，选择的修形方式为等距修形。

The new method overcomes the disadvantages of the sensitivity of active contour models to its initial position, the poor convergence to boundary concavities which existed in the traditional Snake algorithm, sensitivity to noise and complex computation.

从而克服了参数主动轮廓线模型对初始曲线敏感、噪声敏感和不能收敛到凹陷的边缘问题和几何主动轮廓线模型水平集方法计算量大等问题。

The locus equation of the roulette of the simple fixed axis gear train was derived by transforming coordinates first, and some typical figures were demonstrated by computer. The relationships among characteristics and forms of the roulettes and the transmission ratios, mechanism parameter and the original phase angles were investigated.

首先应用坐标变换的方法推导出了简单定轴轮系的旋轮线的方程，并利用计算机画出了一些典型图形，研究了旋轮线的性质、形状与传动比、尺度参数和初始角的关系。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失