初产妇

During the active phase of labor, the average rate of cervical dilatation is 1.5 cm/hour in the multipara and 1.2 cm/hour in the nullipara.

活跃期宫颈的平均扩张速度经产妇为1.5cm/h，初产妇为1.2cm/h。。

Methods We adopted four methods that single cpidural block anesthesia or narcotics analgesies were injected into subarachnoid space and epidural space or single narcotics was injected into subarachnoid space (group C fentanly 25μg;group D fentanly 20μg) to study analgesia birth for 130 nullipara women. The analgesia efficacy, side effect, birth time md mode,postpartum haemorrhage and the condition of the fetus and the newborn were compared.

采用单纯硬膜外腔阻滞、蛛网膜下腔-硬膜外腔联合给予低浓度麻醉药及镇痛药、单纯蛛网膜下腔给予低浓度镇痛药(C组芬太尼25μg，D组芬太尼20μg)等四种不同的方法对130例初产妇进行分娩镇痛，比较几组的镇痛效果、不良反应及对产程、分娩方式、产后出血、胎儿及新生儿等的影响，并与40例正常未干预组产妇比较。

Most primipara will be between 36 to 38 weeks felt the change, but through the maternal (non-first child) is uncertain.

多数的初产妇会在36～38周之间感受到这个变化，而经产妇则不一定。

The results of this study serve as a guideline for nurse to further understand the needs of primipara with age over 40 years old and lead to better nursing practice.

本研究之结果，可供护理人员了解高龄初产妇之需求以提供适切性护理照护，进而提升产妇对护理照护服务的满意度。

Results: It was necessary for puerperant to correctly make perineotomy parturition.The rational rate of perineotomy was about 37％.For the primipara,the perineotomy rate should be controlled approximately 49％.

结果：合理的会阴切开阴道助产是非常必要的，会阴切开阴道助产率在37％左右为好，初产妇应控制在49％左右较为合适，在此侧切率下新生儿窒息率为6.6％，产妇并发症、后遗症约5.58％。

Obstetrical records of 12 224 primiparae in obstetrical wards of 8 hospitals in Beijing were reviewed,and each primipara was interviewed by questionnaire before discharge from hospital during May 1992 to April 1993.1 272 cases exposed to occupational noise during pregnancy were selected as the exposed group,and 9 260 cases of unexposed to any occupational hazards as the control group.

为探讨应用医院产科资料进行职业性有害因素对妊娠经过和妊娠结局影响研究的价值，对北京市8所医院产科病房自1992年5月至1993年4月期间住院分娩的12 224名初产妇，进行了应用产科记录资料，并于产妇出院前做个案随访，进行问卷调查的方法收集资料。

The method reached classics puerpera to undertake investigating to 379 primiparas March 2008 in January 2007 to my courtyard.

方法对我院2007年1月至2008年3月的379例初产妇及经产妇进行调查。

This stage is usually brief, averaging 20 minutes for parous women and 50 minutes for nulliparous women.

这一阶段通常较短暂，经产妇平均20分钟，初产妇平均50分钟。

Macrosomic infants are 2-3 times more likely to be born to parous women.

C。产次经产妇生育巨大胎儿的可能性是初产妇的2-3倍。

Macrosomic infants are 2-3 times more likely to beborn to parous women.

C。产次经产妇生育巨大胎儿的可能性是初产妇的2-3倍。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。