创造性的

Basing on this point,this article try to seek after the disciplinarian and method of creating thinking in art design by largely studying thoughts,psychology,vision and research how to inspire the capacity of thoughts and how to promote creativity by the convergence and radiation of thinking,abstract epitome and representational depiction,the transition of rational thinking and irrational thinking.

而设计的造型性又要求设计思维的艺术思维定向，任何一种单独的思维方式都不能解决设计问题。对于设计方法，我们应该认识这样一个原则：科学的设计方法与创造性思维是辨证统一，相辅相成的。科学的设计方法将有利于创造性思维的发挥；从而能提升创造能力；同时不断增长的创造能力又可促成更多方法的形成与不断成熟。

From May 4th Movement of 1919 to the 1920s, sex love narrations in Chinese novels were rather an enlightenment and liberation in that particular era with four characteristics. Firstly, sexual desire was endowed with rationality with regard to liberation of human nature and mutual love. Secondly, with an epochal concern for a stronger and superior race, greater attention was paid to sexual parties concerned, mainly physically. Thirdly, new ethics on sex were promoted in that personal freedom on sex love was emphasized and sex love became an important way of self-fulfillment. Therefore, independence of sex love was advocated and the scope of sex love was also widened. Fourthly, the sex consciousness of this period had the mixed features of the past and the contemporary. Sex love narrations in the 1930s and 1940s showed a further exploration on the theme of human nature. First of all, sex was restored to a kind of desire. ShenCongwen probed the importance of harmonious sex love to a sound personality and Shi Zhecunrevealed that sexual inhibition could lead to the distortion, even frenzy of human nature. Bothexplored the influence and functions of sexual desire as human nature upon human personality,giving prominence to the irresistibleness of sexual desire and the significance of sexual desire asa motive. Then, human bodies driven by sexual desire were described and given greater attentionto. Next, ethics on sex were deconstructed either by Shen Congwen who opposed man-madeethics with law of nature and the School of New Sensation who replaced traditional ethics on sexwith exchange rules in consumption, or by Shi Zhecun who spared no efforts in representing thecomplete failure of social rules, including ethics on sex, due to the impact from sexual desire.The direct effect was a paleness of the ethical binding force on sex. Last, sex consciousness inthe works of female writers emerged. In the early works of Ding Ling, the sexual desire of thefemale is no longer a ramification of emotion but an independent one. In addition, in the sex lovenarrations of other female writers, such as Mei Niang, strong self-consciousness on the socialstatus of the female is also reflected. Sex love narrations in the late 1970s and early 1980s wereactually a re-enlightenment in the spirit of humanism, whose major features include humanisticlegitimation of sex love within the boundary of ethics, a blend of sex love narrations withnational concepts and national myths as well as the aesthetic, poetic descriptions of humanbodies etc. In the middle and late 1980s, sex love narrations entered a stage of exploration forpluralism. First, by restoration of sexual desire, writers of this era restored human nature, thevery original state of human being. Different emphasis and tendencies could be seen in differentwriters: looking at sex love dialectically and trying to describe its creative as well as destructivecharacteristics; connecting sex love with violence and trying to reveal the evil side of humannature through it; emphasizing the creativeness of sex love especially in the heritage of"wildness".

从"五四"到20世纪20年代，中国小说的性爱叙事是一种处在时代夹缝中的启蒙和解放，其所表现出来的特点，一是正面赋予性欲望以合理性，这种合理性是在人性解放和爱情前提下获得的；二是在强种育种的时代焦虑影响下小说性爱叙事表现出对物质身体的关注，其焦点主要在体格方面；三是树立起新的性伦理道德观念，表现为强调在性爱问题上的个人选择自由，性爱成为个人自我实现的重要方式，从而赋予人在性爱问题上的独立性，同时还扩大了性爱表现的领域；四，这个时期小说性爱叙事中所表现出的性意识还具有新旧杂糅的特点。30、40年代小说性爱叙事表现出对人性主题的深化与丌拓，首先是把性还原为欲望本身来探索，沈从文从和谐性爱对健全人性的决定作用、施蛰存从性压抑会导致人性扭曲甚至疯狂的角度探讨作为人类本质性欲望的性对人性产生的影响和作用，突出了性欲力量的不可抗拒和作为人类行为的重要动力等方面的内容；其次在叙事中表现出对欲望化了的身体的描绘与关注；第三是解构了性的伦理道德，无论是沈从文以自然法则来反对人为的道德设置还是新感觉派用消费交换原则替代传统性伦理道德，或是施蛰存极力表现包括性伦理规范在内的社会法则在性欲力量冲击下溃不成军，其直接的效果都是使性伦理道德对人的约束力量显得苍白虚弱；第四，出现了由女性作家表现的女性性意识，在丁玲的早期作品中女性的性欲望不再是作为感情的衍生物而是独立的欲望存在，而在梅娘等其他女作家的小说性爱叙事中则表现出对女性社会地位的强烈自觉意识。70年代末80年代初期小说的性爱叙事实际上是在人道主义语境下的再次启蒙，其主要特征一是性爱在人道主义前提下获得合法性，但要求性爱不超出伦理规定的范围；再就是将性爱叙事同国家观念和民族神话相融合；此外还有对身体的描写审美化诗意化等。80年代中后期，小说性爱叙事进入了多元化探索的阶段，作家通过还原性欲望来还原人性、还原人类的本真状态，不同作家笔下表现为不同的侧重和倾向——以辨证的方式看待性爱，写出其具有的创造性力量和毁灭性特征；将性爱与暴力相联系并通过其来表现人性的黑暗；强调性爱的创造性作用，尤其在民族"血性"的传承方面。

Our country firstly put forward such design principle of Qinghai-Tibet railway engineering as "lower temperature actively, reduce the heat into the subsoil, and assure the heat stability of frozen earth for the quality stability of construction", creatively adopt such corresponding measures of frozen earth construction problem as: for the poor frozen earth developing section, line should avoid as possible;for the geology of ice at high temperature and unstable frozen earth zone, the method of bridge instead of subgrade shall be adopted;in subgradeconstruction, such facilities as heat stick, rubble ventilation subgrade , rubble ventilation berm, ventilation pipe subgrade and laying heat preservation board etc shall be adopted to raise the stability of frozen earth subgrade;during the excavation of bridge, culvert , foundation pit and scouring prevention trough, creatively adopt single-tooth knapper and solve the problem of frozen earth excavation;during the construction of bridge and culvert, durable concrete and three-step maintenance method are adopted to assure the outside and inside beauty of structure.

我国在世界上首次提出"主动降温、减少传入地基土的热量、保证多年冻土的热稳定性，从而保证修筑在上面的工程质量的稳定性"的青藏铁路工程设计原则，创造性地采取了解决冻土施工难题的相应对策：对于不良冻土现象发育地段、线路尽量绕避；对于高温极不稳定冻土区的高含冰量地质，采取"以桥代路"的办法；在路基施工中采用了热棒、片石通风路基、片石通风护道、通风管路基、铺设保温板等多项设施，提高冻土路基的稳定性；在桥涵基坑、挡水埝基槽开挖中，创造性地应用了单齿破碎器，解决了冻土开挖难题；在桥涵工程施工中，采用了耐久性混凝土，采用了三步养生法，保证了结构物内实外美。

Based on existing and extensive results of cognitive psychology and neurophysiology, the inner process and features of creative thinking are discussed fromthe point of view of nonlinear dynamics, in particular, from the point of view of chaos dynamics.

对所提出的"创造性思维中可能性构成空间理论"模型给出了符合淮地动力学原理的论述。在此基础之上提出了一种"创造性思维过程是复杂的混饨动力学系统的演化过程"的新的学术观点。

Based on hypercycle theory, this paper analysis the relationships of teacher and student, intrinsic cognitive schema of student and explicit impartment, sports theory and technique, point out that hypercycle manner will combine all factors of sports teaching system more close and bring creativity, so lead sports teaching system evolve from simple to complex, from disorder to order ceaselessly.

基于超循环理论，分析了体育教学系统中教师与学生、学生原有认知图式和外在传授、超循环与创造性以及拟种进化与教学突变之间的内在关联关系，指出超循环的组织形式能够将体育教学系统中的要素更为紧密的耦合在一起，互利合作、协同进化，带给体育教学系统以突变性为特点的创造性，从而引导体育教学系统不断实现从简单到复杂，从无序到有序的自组织演化。

As one attunes themselves to the heartbeat of Earth, one will move in sync with the creative bursts and periods of assimilation that naturally flow as the creative energy ebbs and flows from your sun, and your sun's sun, and all dimensions within your creation that Earth is related to.

当你自己向地球的心跳调谐，你将进入与自然地流动的创造性脉冲和吸收期的同步中，因为创造性能量的起伏来自于你们的太阳、你们太阳的太阳和地球关联的你们造物内所有的维度。

At the same time, human capital focuses that human capital as a capital has no feature of deceasing marginal earnings because of human beings increasingly accumulative creativity, which leads to its theoretical breakthrough.

它从理论上将&人&与&资本&的某些特性进行嫁接，强调&人&作为资本时要追求自身投入的最大回报，而这种回报是不具有普遍资本边际收益递减的特征，因为&人&本身所特有的创造性以及不断积累的创造性使其回报有递增的趋势。

There were a lot of theoretical research about creative thinking in history, among which the representative theories are as follows:" Four-stage Model" of Wallas,"Structure" of Form Tower School," Disperse Thinking" of J.P.Guilford etc., which offer us fine reference today.

历史上关于创造性思维理论方面的研究很多，其中有代表性的理论主要有以下几种：沃拉斯的&四阶段模型&、格式塔学派的&结构说&、吉尔福特的&发散思维&等等，这些理论为我们今天研究创造性思维提供了很好的借鉴作用。

Chapter four analyzes Fu Donghua"s creative rewritings in his translation of Gonewith the Wind, such as translating the title into "Piao"; translating the persons" namesand geographical names into the ones in Chinese style; lots of abridgements andadditions. The author tries to show that Fus creative rwritings come from his intrinsicfactors and also from the socio-cultural constraints including the ideology, poetics andpatronage in the war time.

第四章分析了傅东华对《飘》进行的创造性改写，包括将题目翻译为《飘》，人名和地名中国化，大量的删节等，来说明这些创造性改写有来自傅东华本身的翻译原则的制约，主要的则来自当时战争时期的社会文化因素，包括当时的意识形态，诗学以及赞助人的制约。

Through the non-parameter test, the researcher discovered that flexibility and adaptability of creative performance in children's eurhythmics ability vary under four different teaching situations, but other abilities are not remarkably affected by the teaching situations; Also, the researcher analyzes sample data through multi-factor variable variance analysis and variable frequency cross-table analysis. The research finally demonstrates that providing children with music subject significantly impacts their flexibility and adaptability of creative performance: the examples provided also not belly influences children's rhythm and time, but the subject, the example as well as their interaction have no remarkable influence on the other constituent of children's eurhythmics ability.

本研究用SPSS11.5软件对幼儿律动能力的得分进行量化处理，通过非参数检验，研究者发现幼儿律动能力中的创造性表现的灵活、变通性在四种教学情境下具有显著性差异，而其他能力受教学的影响均不显著；研究者又对样本数据进行多因素变量方差分析和频数交叉表分析，结果显示：提供音乐主题对于幼儿创造性表现的灵活、变通性具有极为显著的影响，提供榜样对于幼儿的节奏、节拍感也具有一定程度的影响，而对于幼儿律动能力的其他组成部分，主题、榜样以及它们的交互效应所起到的作用并不显著。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。