创伤

Other etiologies include prior craniotomy, craniectomy, spinal surgery, or trauma.

其他的病因包括既往的开颅术后、颅骨切除术、脊椎外科手术或创伤。

The decompressive craniectomy should be performed as soon as possible when the brain edema and swelling can not be controlled after severe head injury.

重型颅脑创伤后发生严重的脑水肿、肿胀，在药物不能控制时，应及时行颅骨去骨瓣减压术。

Objective To study the risk factors of the nosocomial infection in patients with craniocerebral injury.

目的 探讨颅脑创伤患者医院感染的危险因素。

In fact Biodynamic Craniosacral Therapy is so gentle that some people think nothing is happening. But that "nothing" is the key. When we stop trying to do something, stop trying to control ourselves, perfect ourselves, fix ourselves, when we stop, we can enter the primordial stillness and silence of the body′s deep wisdom. In that dynamic stillness, the fixed patterns of sickness, trauma, distress, alienation and suffering can be released and the body/heart/mind can reorient itself toward the powerful health and natural bliss of our deepest self.

事实上头荐骨疗法是如此地温和，以至于一些人认为什么事都没发生，但&什么事都没发生&是个关键，当我们停止去做什么的企图，停止努力去控制我们自己，使自己完美和修理自己，当我们停下来时，我们就能够进入身体深层智慧的根本静止和宁静之中，在这种有活力的静止中，固着的疾病模式，创伤，不幸，疏离和受苦会被释放，身心灵会再调整自身朝向强大的健康和我们最深自我的自然狂喜。

The major etiology of cubital tunnel syndrome is chronic injury with sustained compression of ulnar nerve around elbow joint.

结论］肘部的创伤及慢性劳损可以导致肘管弓状韧带出现肥厚增生，引起尺神经卡压磨损，这是肘管综合征最常见的病因；其他病因还包括慢性骨关节炎，占位病变和先天异常；尺神经可被机械性卡压和磨损，出现慢性缺血缺氧，导致肘管综合征的发生；详细的体格检查和术前的肌电图检查是诊断肘管综合征的主要手段，在诊断时应注意该病与其他部位迟发性尺神经麻痹的鉴别。

Analyzing the causes of cystospasm and the effect after taking related nursing measures.

结果：精神因素、泌尿系感染、手术创伤、导管刺激、冲洗液刺激等可引起膀胱痉挛的发生。

It is well known that retinal pigment epithelial cells are predominant proliferative cells in PVR which is an excessively wound healing response occurring after RPE cell wounding. The activated RPE cells migrate from their normal, sessile state to vitreous and onto both surfaces of the retina, in which they begin to dedifferentiate, migrate, proliferate, change phenotype and secrete ECM.

既往研究证明视网膜色素上皮(retinal pigmentepithelial，RPE)细胞是参与PVR的主要细胞，PVR是视网膜脱离后RPE细胞损伤的一种自我修复过程，是一种过度的眼内创伤修复反应；RPE细胞在正常位置上处于静止状态，而在某些病理条件下，如视网膜裂孔形成和视网膜脱离后，RPE细胞脱离原位，开始去分化、移行、增生、发生表型转化并分泌胶原等ECM，最终在视网膜前后表面和玻璃体内形成具有收缩能力的增生膜，造成牵拉性视网膜脱离。

The cause of a lick granuloma is most often psychogenic and is considered to be a form of canine obsessive-compulsive disorder, but other causes include bacterial or fungal infections, demodectic mange, trauma causing nerve damage, allergies, or joint disease. Hot spots may also lead to the formation of lick granulomas.

嗜舔性皮肤炎的最常见病因是精神疾病，被认为是一种犬类强迫症，其他原因包括细菌或真菌感染、蠕型螨病、神经创伤、过敏或关节病。

sick euthyroid syndromeshould be often found in patients with critical trauma,but it is commonly confused ses with retention of fluid in third space after fluid resuscitation or with lowed colloid osmotic pressure as result of hypoproteinemia in the clinic.serious ses is presented an edema of face and all over,non blood fluid draining out of the needle hole,the wound not healing desiredly with fluid oozing unexpectedly,or pleural effusion on both sides,or pericardial effusion.the pathogenesis of ses is incompletely understood.the inflammatory cytokines are generally accepted as an important pathogenic factor of ses.

甲状腺功能正常性病变综合征（sick euthyroid syndrome，ses）在危重创伤患者中并不少见，严重者表现为颜面及全身肿胀，针眼可见持续的非血性液体流出，伤口渗液较多不易预期愈合，双侧胸腔积液或心包积液等。临床上常与液体复苏后的第三间隙液体潴留、低蛋白血症致胶体渗透压降低等的临床表现相混淆，很容易被忽略。其发病机制还不十分清楚，众多的研究首先考虑的致病因素是炎性因子。

Debridement is the basic skill of traumatology department, including incision into wound tract、widen of wound、cut of devitalized tissue、removal of a foreign object、hemostasis、abteilung etc.The clean of wound surface is the foremost task in the debridement.

清创术是创伤外科最常用的基本技术之一，它包括切开伤道、扩大伤口、切除失活组织、清除异物、止血、引流及固定等一系列操作，而创面清洗是清创术中的首要任务。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。