刑罚的

With regard to the Brabanters, Aragonese, Navarrese, Basques, Coterelli and Triaverdini {17 }, who practise such cruelty upon Christians that they respect neither churches nor monasteries, and spare neither widows, orphans, old or young nor any age or sex, but like pagans destroy and lay everything waste, we likewise decree that those who hire, keep or support them, in the districts where they rage around, should be denounced publicly on Sundays and other solemn days in the churches, that they should be subject in every way to the same sentence and penalty as the above-mentioned heretics and that they should not be received into the communion of the church, unless they abjure their pernicious society and heresy.

关於 Brabanters ，阿拉贡， Navarrese ，巴斯克人， Coterelli和Triaverdini （ 17 ），谁实行这种残酷基督徒后，他们既不尊重也不教堂寺庙，和备件既不寡妇，孤儿，老人或年轻人，也没有任何年龄和性别，但像异教徒奠定一切破坏和浪费，我们同样令那些谁出租，保持或支持他们，在他们愤怒的地区周围，应公开谴责，在星期日及其他庄严的教堂内，他们应该在每一个主题以相同的判决和刑罚作为上述异端，他们不应该得到的共融的教会，除非他们放弃自己的有害社会和异端。

These reforming bishops, then, use the device of the "automatic" penalty so that the absentee bishop loses the right to his income, and the pluralist is deprived of sees he will not resign; that the concubinary prelate who defies the warnings of the provincial council loses his see; that the bishop becomes a thief who accepts gifts from those he ordains or from the parishes and other churches where he is making the visitation; and that the metropolitan is deprived of his right to officiate who fails to report to Rome the fact of a defiantly absentee suffragan.

这些改革主教，然后，使用该装置的"自动"刑罚，使缺席主教失去了正确的，他的收入，以及多元，是剥夺认为他不会辞职；表示concubinary主教，他们无视警告的省会失去他见；主教成为一个小偷，接受馈赠，那些他ordains ，还是从各教区和其他教会他在哪里，使探视，并认为大都市，是剥夺他的权利，并担任主礼人不报告中，以罗马的一个事实，一个公然缺席

He enunciated three basic maxims :nulla poena sine lega ,nulla poena sine crimine nullan crimen sine poena legali , His integration of the prevailing political liberalism with penal policy was simple enough :only one who violates the liberty guaranteed by the social contract and safeguarded by penal law commits a crime .

他阐明了三条基本格言；"法无明文者不罚""无法以为罪者不罚"和'无法定刑罚者不为罪他把当时盛行的政治自由主义同刑事政策结合起来的思想是相当简括的。只有那些侵犯了由社会契约所保障，由刑法所保护的自由的人们，才犯了罪。

In criminal trial, the defendant shall be presumed to be innocent before convicted.

刑事司法运作的逻辑是"审判"先于"犯罪"先于"刑罚"而发生，要实现由"被告人"到"犯罪者"或者"无辜者"的角色定位，这是一项理性的事业，在这个空间里面，程序是第一性的，实体是第二性的。

If passed, the maximum penalty for possession of up to an ounce of marijuana in the Bay State would drop from up to six months in jail and a $500 fine to a $100 civil fine.

如果获得通过，最高刑罚为藏有最多一盎司的大麻，在海湾国家将下降最多6个月的监禁和500美元的罚款，以100美元的民事罚款。

In advocating criminal integration, gradually the focus of crime control, punishment by ex post facto punishment, and things to advance in the prevention of the transfer.

在倡导刑事一体化的今天，对犯罪控制的重心逐渐由事后的刑罚处罚向事前和事中的预防转移。

Een if the primary purpose of prison sentence were "punishment" or "restraint", the length of many sentences and the conditions under which they are sered often far exceed the type of punishment that should be acceptable in our society.

即使徒刑判决的主要目的是&惩罚&或&管束&。许多刑事判决的刑期和服刑的条件也往往远远超过社会应该接受的那种刑罚了。

In my view, the fundamental reason to the current inability of cracking down on the act of ride seizing by force and the disputes on its conviction and punishment is due to, on one hand, the unreasonable stipulations on the essential elements constituting crime of seizing by force in current legal system and legal theory that give too much stress on the amount of infringed property and neglect the overall observation of the general circumstances of crime, thus causing the failure to impose criminal punishment on the ride seizers; on the other hand, the difference of Chinese legislation from other countries'.

本人认为造成今天打击飞车抢夺行为不力和定罪量刑争议的根源，一方面在于现行立法和理论中对抢夺罪犯罪构成要件规定的不合理，片面强调了侵犯财产的数额标准，而忽视了对整个犯罪情节的全面考察，造成了对大量飞车抢夺行为不能给予刑罚处罚；另一方面，与世界上主要国家立法实践不同，我国刑法将抢夺行为从盗窃行为和抢劫行为中分离出来，独立设置抢夺罪。

With Chinese characteristics, the system of reeducation through labor has gone through 50 years of trials and hardships, from the beginning to have completely eliminated after the founding of new China hidden counterrevolutionaries established, Development has become penalties and punishment phase of a parallel education reform measures reeducation-through-labor system in China play an important role.

麻烦哪位高高手帮帮忙，翻译一段文字具有中国特色的劳动教养制度已经走过50年的风雨历程，从其产生初期为彻底肃清新中国成立后暗藏的反革命分子而建立，发展至今成为与刑罚和治安处罚相并列的一种教育改造措施，劳动教养制度在我国发挥了重要作用。

In addition to these new measures, it seems that existing sentencing guidelines are being broken: children aged 14 and under are supposed to be incarcerated only if their offending is both serious and persistent, but Barnardo's found that 35% of children sentenced to custody in 2007-08 did not meet both criteria.

考虑到这些新措施，看起来现有的刑罚指导原则将无法遵守：十四岁及以下青少年的行为仅在危害严重及持续的条件下才可以判刑。但是巴纳德发现2007至2008年被判入狱青少年中的35%未同时满足两个条件。

Lugalbanda was a god and shepherd king of Uruk where he was worshipped for over a thousand years.

Lugalbanda 是神和被崇拜了一千年多 Uruk古埃及喜克索王朝国王。

I am coming just now,' and went on perfuming himself with Hunut, then he came and sat.

我来只是现在，'歼灭战perfuming自己与胡努特，那麼，他来到和SAT 。