刑罚的

Changes to the law in Western Australia have replaced these penalties with a fine of $50 000 where the abortionist is a qualified medical practitioner, and a penalty of five years' imprisonment where the abortionist is not.

修改法律与西澳洲已经取代这些刑罚罚款50000元的堕胎是一个合格医生一个被判五年徒刑而不是堕胎。

This method signified that the accused was accursed of God and was suffering divine judgment and rejection.

这个方法表示受刑者是受上帝的刑罚，被上帝审判和弃绝。

Procedural Justice;Effect of Punishment;Affectional Reaction;Man Dignity;Evil Human Nature

程序公正；刑罚效果；情感反应；人的尊严；人性恶

"The first duty of a legislator is to apportion penalties".

"立法者的第一项任务就是分配刑罚"。

Additionally,whether an arrestee is sentenced to penalty is an important ruler tomeasure the propriety of arrest.

另外，被逮捕者最终是否经判决被处以刑罚，也是衡量逮捕正当性的重要标准。

I will bring him to Babylon and execute judgment upon him there because he was unfaithful to me.

我必带他到巴比伦，并要在那里因他干犯我的罪刑罚他。

This chapter tries to solve the following issues:as theconscious awareness of law-makers,the penalty-crimerelationship determines how to make law;as the form ofideas,the penalty-crime relationship regulates and guidesthe process of law-making and judicature;penalty andcrime as provided by law is nothing but the model for thepenalty-crime relationship presupposed and defined bylawmakers;the presupposition and definition of thepenalty-crime relationship is the value-based evaluativeactivity on the grounds of cognition;the change invalue-based criteria and the inherent contradiction of theobjective to beevaluated is the fundamental precondition for the definitionof the penalty-crime relationship;the change in classcontradiction is the basic cause for the change inevaluative criteria;the change in the objective to theevaluated reflects the demands and interests of the rulingclass to a certain extent,and lastly;as the evaluativeform of negating crime,penalty and its effectiveness dependheavily on the unity of compulsiveness and justice.

文章论述了刑罪关系作为立法者的自觉意识决定着刑事立法；刑罪关系作为观念的形式，规束并引导着立法和司法，法律中规定的犯罪与刑罚，是立法者设定的刑罪关系范式；刑罪关系的设定是以认识为基础的价值评价活动，价值标准的变动性和评价对象的内在矛盾性，是刑罪关系设立的根本前提，指出了阶级矛盾的变化是导致评价标准不确定的根本原因；评价对象的转移，在一定程度上反映出统治阶级利益的需要。刑罚作为对犯罪否定评价的方式，其有效性在于强制性与正义性的统一。

Second, change of circumstances requires the adjustment of the criminal punishment. In fact, there were complex reasons for the appearance of high crimes. It is apodictic for the increase of social situation and the criminal reality, and with the deeper recognition of the value of punishment, it is necessary to review and modify 1979 Criminal Law, based on the Principle of Balance Between Crime and Punishment.

随着社会形势的发展及犯罪状况的变化以及人们对刑罚价值认识的深化，要求对79年刑法及单行刑法进行疏理、修改，修改刑法的一个重要方面就是要按照罪刑均衡原则的要求实现刑罚轻缓化，然而97年刑法对《决定》中规定的传授犯罪方法罪的法定刑几乎未作任何变动，仍规定了死刑，这使该罪法定刑设置违背了罪刑均衡原则也与我国限制死刑政策不符。

A consultable standard is needed while applying the legal circumstances stipulated in the penal code. The following steps may be effective: take into account all the details related to a crime including the circumstances for discretion without regard to the concrete legal circumstances presumably; decide abstractly the standard of punishment which should be applied to the crime; examine the legal circumstances and adjust the said criterion.

刑法规定的法定量刑情节需要一个参照基准，应在假定不考虑犯罪人的具体法定量刑情节的基础上，考虑犯罪人所有的与犯罪有关的全部犯罪细节包括酌定情节，抽象地确定这一犯罪应当适用的基准刑罚，再在此基础上，考虑量刑的法定情节，对基准刑罚进行适当的调整。

This clause is improper mainly because:firstly,it does not accord with the ingenerate desire of the principle;secondly,in judicial practice it is unrealistic and inequitable to punish all crimes;thirdly,the development of decriminalization in substantial and procedural aspects greatly challenges to the pattern of punishing all crimes.

本条是罪刑法定原则的法定表述。在对该原则进行理论解释的时候，很多学者仅对该条后半段的规定展开论述，而对前半段的规定却丝毫不予提及。值得注意的是，有学者认为，第三条前段规定的是积极的罪刑法定原则，后段规定的是消极的罪刑法定原则，&正确运用刑罚权，惩罚犯罪，保护人民，这是第一位的；而防止刑罚权的滥用，以保障人权，则是第二位的。&

Lugalbanda was a god and shepherd king of Uruk where he was worshipped for over a thousand years.

Lugalbanda 是神和被崇拜了一千年多 Uruk古埃及喜克索王朝国王。

I am coming just now,' and went on perfuming himself with Hunut, then he came and sat.

我来只是现在，'歼灭战perfuming自己与胡努特，那麼，他来到和SAT 。