刑事

Universities have dual legal status in the relation of the administrative law. In the legal relation of the civil and criminal laws,universities have the status of the legal subjects concerned.

高等院校在行政法律关系中，具有行政法双重法律主体地位；在民事和刑事法律关系中，具有民事、刑事法律主体地位。

The core of the criminal policy of temper justice with mercy is the different treatments that the party in criminal proce- dure has the rights to optionally apply material procedure and procedural items.

从刑事实体法和程序法两个向度上贯彻宽严相济刑事政策应当是在司法实践中践行"宽严相济"的应有之义。

This check should be appropriate to the intensity of the procuratorial power, and not goes against the principle of neutrality and passivity, The layout of our criminal judicial institution deviates to an extent, however, leading to the excessiveness and deficiency of the check, and does harm to the realization of judicial justice.

这种制衡应该与检察权的强度相适应，并且不得违反刑事司法审判的中立性原则和被动性原则。然而，我国刑事司法制度的设计一定程度上偏离了这一原则，造成审判权对检察权制衡的过度与不足，影响了司法公正的实现。

The general part deals with principles of liability and exculpation (e , g requirements of culpability ,causation and the effects of ignorance or mistake )of justification ( e g defense of one 's self or one 's property )and of responsibility (e g effect of mental disease or defect )The special part contains definitions and gradations of specific crimes .

总则规定刑事责任和排除罪责（如应受遣责的要件、因果关系和无知或错误之后果），正当理由（如防卫自己或自己的财产）和是否承担刑事责任能力等等的原则。分则包括具体犯罪的定义和分类。

Definition of false imprisonment regulated by Law of Criminal Procedure is definitely different from that of criminal compensation.

刑事诉讼法中规定的"错误拘留"和刑事赔偿中规定的"错误拘留"的含义是不同的。

This paper covers the following items of the crime of corruption: the definiens of corruption crime and the legislative evolution, the subject of corruption, the joint offender, conviction and its limits, legal sentence of corruption crime and legislative suggestions. Meanwhile, some focal points of the academic circle concerning the crime of corruption is interpreted, such as the definiens of corruption crime, conviction of the accomplice, means of calculating criminal amounts. Comparing the advantages and disadvantages of the different, academic points of view. It is there fore necessary to redefine the crime, the act of corruption in a narrow and in broad sense. The author proposes that the criminal liability of the accomplice should be investigated under the principle of joint taking the liability, while distinguishing their respective degrees of taking the liability so as to determine their criminal liability deserving of taking. Corruption crime's legal sentence breaks the three basic principles of the Criminal Law of PRC in nature, i. e. principle of a legally prescribed punishment for a specified crime; principle of suiting responsibility, punishment to crime; principle of equality before the law.

文章论及的内容包括：贪污罪的概念和立法演变，贪污罪的主体认定，贪污罪中的共同犯罪认定，贪污罪与相关犯罪的界限，贪污罪的刑法适用及立法完善；同时文章也对现在学术界争论的焦点问题，如贪污罪的概念、贪污罪共犯认定、贪污罪中各共同犯罪人的犯罪数额的计算，进行了不同学术观点的比较，分析了各种观点的利弊，对于贪污罪的概念重新予以认识，归纳了狭义贪污罪和广义贪污罪；提出在追究共同犯罪人的刑事责任时，应坚持共同负责的原则，同时区分各共同犯罪人在共同犯罪中所起作用的大小，以确定他们应承担的刑事责任；分析了刑法典中贪污罪法定刑设置存在的不足，认为贪污罪法定刑的设置从根本上违反了刑法三大基本原则，即罪行法定原则，罪责刑相适应原则以及刑法面前人人平等的原则，而且贪污罪法定刑的设置还存在其他一些问题，如附加刑包括罚金刑和没收财产刑等设置不当。

Using it on the current criminal justice is not to discover theVolksgeist',but to explore the rule of the formation of the criminal justice svstem,and the political,economical and cultural elements in the process of legal system.

对中国当代刑事法进行历史分析，并非去发现所谓的"民族精神"，而是寻找刑事法律制度得以形成的脉络，以及在法制演进中的政治、经济和文化因素。

For this purpose,when we construct the criminal procedural law,the rule of reality and forwardness,of legality and sanction,of systematic and specific,of manipulative and open should be adhered to.

也即对笔者所强调的"理解和建构刑事诉讼法律制度，必须考虑其赖以存在的特定社会在历史演进过程中所积淀的刑事诉讼文化传统"的解答。

General precaution holds its important position in fields of legislation and judicature throughout the world.

在世界各国的刑事立法和刑事司法上，一般预防始终占据着非常重要的位置。

Focusing on dangerous act and it result,theobjectivism is the general and systematic proposition claimed by criminalclassical school that is concerning such problem as crime,criminal liability,theground of punishment,and the purpose of punishment.

所谓客观主义，是指刑事古典学派所倡导的以危害行为及其后果为核心所现成的系统化了的关于犯罪、刑事责任以及刑罚的根据、目的等一系列问题上总的观点和根本看法。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。