分级

Sixteenth week after operation, the animals were sacrificed by aeroembolism. Cartilage grading was observed by general observation and operation microscope. Specimens were procured from the weight-bearing portion of the femoral condylar, and evaluated according to a modified histological-histochemical grading system (0-1 point as normal and over 10 points as severe) by haematoxylin-eosin and Safranin'O/Fast Green stainings.

术后第，6周空气栓塞法处死动物，大体观察及手术显微镜下观察软骨表面分级；取股骨髁负重面软骨标本进行苏木精－伊红、沙黄染色及骨关节炎组织病理学评分（正常为0~1，重度为10分以上）、分级。

On the presentation of Mn-P fixation, this paper reviews the latest advances in recent 10 years and concentrates on the mechanism of phosphorus fixation in acid soils. In addition, it brakes through the classical inorganic P fractionation in to Fe-P, Al-P, O-P and Ca-Pin the traditional P classification and considers Mn-P as one of the main phosphorus fixation modes in latosols, cultivated from the parent basalt material. Furthermore, fixation of P by Fe, Al, Mn is compared, and differentiation from chemical availability and bioavailability of P discussed. Based on the above, this paper presents some alienable measures for enhancing P utilization efficiency and postulates pivotal future research directions in the field of P fixation.

本文以Mn-P的提出为出发点，论述了近10年来对酸性土壤固磷机理研究的新进展，突破了常规P素形态分级研究中分为Fe-P，Al-P，O-P和Ca-P等无机磷测定的经典分级，认为玄武岩母质砖红壤中的Mn-P是P素固定的主要形式之一，进而比较了Fe、Al、Mn对P固定作用，并从P的化学有效性与生物有效性差异等方面进行了比较全面的论述，提出了减少P素固定提高磷肥利用率的措施及今后的重点研究方向。

The object of projectile design is analyzed, and the layer-TOPSIS method is provided for the evaluation of total effectiveness by taking the layer concept into the TOPSIS method. In the calculation of object weights, the grade calculation method is suggested, which has less dependence on the subjectivity of decision-maker and can take account of both sensitivity and allowableness of objects, the geometric-arithmetic method is provided for grade weight calculation and methods for sensitive weight and allowable weight are given. Of modes in system analyzing, the penetration model of target with spherical-fragment is carried out based on the theory of Dynamic Spherical Cavity Expansion, and it is a supplement of the models for calculation the damage of the fragmentation warhead to target.

对弹丸设计进行了目标分析；通过在TOPSIS方法中引入层次结构的概念，提出了适用于弹丸总体效能评价的层次TOPSIS评价方法；在指标权重计算中，提出了对决策者主观依赖较少的能反映指标的敏感性和相容性的分级权重计算方法；在分级权重计算中，分别给出了等比-等差权值计算方法和敏感-相容权值计算方法；在系统分析的模型中，对破片战斗部的威力计算中的模型进行了补充，在空穴膨胀理论的基础上提出了球形破片侵彻有限厚靶板的侵彻计算模型。

The test of improving the quality of aluminum hydroxide as artificial onyx filler by fluidic classifier is introduced.

介绍了利用射流分级技术改进氧化铝玛瑙填料质量的试验情况，采用正交试验法优化确定分级的工艺参数。

Methods 42 children with CP (26 males, 16 females, average age 49.5±21.5 months, 11 children with spastic quadriplegia, 22 with spastic diplegia, 5 with spastic hemiplegia, 2 with athetosis and 2 with dystonia) were assessed with Gross Motor Function Classification System and Gross Motor Function Measure for the assessment and classification of gross motor function. Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory PEDD was used to assess the ADL. The ADL of children with different levels of GMFCS and the correlat ion between gross mot or function and ADL were analyzed. Results The more severe of GMFCS, the less standard score of PEDI.

方法对 42例脑瘫患儿（男性26例、女性16例，年龄49.5±21.5个月；痉挛型四肢瘫11例、痉挛型双瘫22例、痉挛型偏瘫5例、徐动型2例、肌张力障碍型2例）采用脑瘫粗大运动功能分级系统和粗大运动功能测试量表进行粗大运动功能分级和评估；采用能力低下儿童评定量表进行日常生活能力评定，分析不同GMFCS等级脑瘫患儿的日常生活能力表现，以及粗大运动功能与日常生活能力之间的相关性。

The causes of shield tunnel defections could be divided into six branches: the segment dislocations, lining material deterioration and seepage. etc. Fault trees are also founded to illustrate each branch. 23 quantitative elements from the fault trees are selected to serve as the diagnosis indexes, all of which could be applied in engineering practice. By using the AHP method, a 3-level diagnosis index system is established. Afterwards, the procedure of setting up the quantitative judging criteria is given, as well as the relative index weight of index layer, by using the improved Analytic Hierarchy Process-multiplication scale method. At last, the values of corresponding parameters of membership functions are set, with the Cauchy distribution model.

将盾构隧道常见病害成因分为管片错位、衬砌材质劣化以及渗漏水等6个子系，对每个子系构建了病害故障树；从工程应用角度出发，从故障树中选取了23个可定量化因素作为评价指标，通过层次分析法建立了三层病害评价指标体系；对体系中单一评价指标的定量化分级方法进行简述，并给出所有指标的建议分级标准，采用改进的层次分析法－乘积标度法确定了各评判指标之间的相对权重；确定了基于Cauchy分布模型的隶属函数的关键参数。

Then it puts forward the design method of classifying map content using the principle of normal distribution.

结合具体实例，在设计过程中采用了两个控制域的方法，並对不等分级间隔采用假设等分级间隔处理，使之更适合普遍应用。

Based on a formal analysis of lifting decomposition, the hierarchical structure concept of the decomposition set, as well as the lifting decomposition technique of the polyphase matrix' greatest mth-order common divisor, is proposed to conquer the difficulties in the practical computation of and the optimal search in the huge decomposition set.

本文在形式化分析Lifting分解原理的基础上，提出了分解集合的分级结构概念以及多相矩阵的m阶最大公因子Lifling分解技术，克服了分解集合求解问题的高复杂性所带来的实际计算与搜索困难；进一步地，从数值稳定性及计算代价两方面研究了分解的评价问题，设计出两种实用的分解稳定性准则；最后，结合分级结构技术提出一种最优分解算法。

A Foundation Model - the Graded Component Object Model of Product Family is offered on the analysis of knowledge characteristics of PFM. Then, the component object, the Conjunctional Hiberarchy Model of Product and the relationships among component objects are defined respectively. Whereafter, the rapid generating mechanism of the instances of component objects and product is introduced. Based on the theory of GCOM, an Enhanced Model - the Skeleton Model of Product Family is offered.

通过分析产品族模型蕴含知识特性，提出了一种具体的产品族基础模型表达——产品族元件分级对象模型，分别定义了各级元件对象、层次联接结构模型和元件对象关系，并探讨了产品族元件分级对象实例的生成与产品实例快速获取的机制。

In order to find an efficient way to enrich the silicon dioxide(SiO2) in straw, cornstalk was taken as an example. In this research, a new process consisting of steam-explosion, carding, sifting was employed to fractionize the cornstalk, followed by the quantitative analysis of silicon dioxide of the different parts of cornstalk.

为了研究秸秆中SiO2的富集方法，该文以玉米秸秆为研究对象，利用汽爆、梳理加筛分的方式对秸秆进行分级处理，并采用重量法、扫描电镜和X-射线衍射等技术对分级前后秸秆中二氧化硅的含量、迁移规律以及结构变化进行了分析。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。