分类系统

Classifier is an important part of a pattern recognition system.

在模式识别系统中，分类器是一个重要的组成部分，分类器设计的好坏将直接影响模式识别系统最终的识别效果。

In addition, the relationship of the spore morphology and taxonomy in Polypodiaceae subfam. Polypodioideae was discussed in this paper, providing more informative data for the systematics and palynology of Polypodiaceae.

本文还就孢子形态及其与该亚科植物的系统分类和演化关系进行了讨论，为水龙骨科的系统分类及孢粉学研究提供了资料。

On the base of applied tech. and system structure, the key tech. are expressed in detail. It includes:Knowledge representation technology: it is described in two stages by "Depictive frame + Rule group"."Depictive frame" is used to reflect the factors concerning question field."Rule group" reflects the son-question in question field; knowledge management system: it is made up of knowledge-base editing component, factor classifying component, knowledge inspecting component and extractive knowledge component; uncertainty reasoning adopt method of elicitation search strategy and data drive controlled by member knowledge. It take reliability of compound proof at first. That can resolve the matching contradiction. Reasoning explanation introduce pre-text and followed method of resolving path. Knowledge discovery component take SLIQ as basic arithmetic. It provides classification model in two stage forms which aim at training suit. That is decision tree and productive rule.

在确定应用技术与系统结构的基础上，重点阐述了本文的核心技术，这包括：知识表示技术，采用"描述框架+规则组"的层次结构，"描述框架"用于描述问题域所涉及的因素，"规则组"反映问题域内的子问题；知识管理系统，由知识库编辑构件、因素分类构件、知识检测构件和知识求精构件组成；不确定性推理机采用启发式搜索策略，元知识控制的数据驱动，以复合证据可信度优先作为匹配冲突消解的策略，推理解释采用预置文本与求解路径追踪的方法；知识发现，采用SLIQ快速可伸缩算法，分类模型用判定树与产生式规则两种形式描述。

The train of thought is by the principle of systematic analysis and comparison it researches the strategy of many countries practicing classified management of forestry, Under the direction of the theory of forestry division of labor in the process of forestry changing approaches its fundamental theories, searches for its achievement, sums up its experience and lessons so as to be used by our country.

研究的思路是：运用系统分析和系统比较的原理，对在从传统林业向现代林业转变的过程中，世界上的一些国家以林业分工论为指导，实行林业分类经营的战略进行研究，探讨其基本理论，总结其经验与教训，为我国实行分类经营提出可借鉴的依据。

The results indicated:（1）the combination of the Markov and spatial logistic models can improve the predictability of each model individually. In macroscopic scale, the total land use amount can be predicted via Markov chain; in microscopic scale, the multi-class multinomial logistic model can be used to implement the combined calculations of categorical variable and continuous variable, qualitative variable and quantitative variable to improve the precision of spatial regression. Meanwhile, the transition probability of each land use unit will be confirmed and the prediction of land use spatial distribution will also be completed.（2）the application system developed in accordance with the integrated model can effectively simulate and predict the land use evolution in Shenzhen City, and the prediction precision of verification system will suffice for recent land use monitoring and the making of annual land supply planning.

研究结果：（1）空间Logistic和Markov模型集成可提升单一模型的应用能力，宏观上利用Markov Chain进行土地利用规模总量预测，微观上利用多分类Multinomial Logistic模型解决分类变量与连续变量，定性变量和定量变量的联合解算提高空间回归精度，同时可以确定每一个土地利用单元转移概率，实现土地利用空间分布的预测；（2）基于集成模型开发出的应用系统能够有效仿真和预测深圳市土地利用演化，通过验证系统预测精度能够满足近期土地利用预警和年度土地供应计划编制。

Has formed the main function in view of these question this financial control system designs: Has solved the traditional manual with difficulty long-term preservation problem; Has the certainly fast inquiry function; In the number financial control also has even if the renewal system information function has the classified statistics function; When carries on the classification statistical work is arduous, in prompt discovery and solution management question; Enhanced between other department's data inquiry working efficiency favor the establishment company interior the information exchange platform, was advantageous for realization company interior resources sharing.

针对这些问题本财务管理系统设计而形成了主要功能：解决了传统手工难以长期保存的问题；拥有一定快速的查询功能；在数财务管理还拥有即使更新系统信息的功能具有分类统计功能；在进行分类统计工作繁重时，及时发现和解决管理中的问题；提高了其它部门之间的数据查询工作效率利于建立公司内部的信息交流平台，便于实现公司内部的资源共享。

On the base of applied tech. and system structure, the key tech. are expressed in detail. It includes:Knowledge representation technology: it is described in two stages by "Depictive frame + Rule group"."Depictive frame" is used to reflect the factors concerning question field."Rule group" reflects the son-question in question field; knowledge management system: it is made up of knowledge-base editing component, factor classifying component, knowledge inspecting component and extractive knowledge component; uncertainty reasoning adopt method of elicitation search strategy and data drive controlled by member knowledge. It take reliability of compound proof at first. That can resolve the matching contradiction. Reasoning explanation introduce pre-text and followed method of resolving path. Knowledge discovery component take SLIQ as basic arithmetic. It provides classification model in two stage forms which aim at training suit. That is decision tree and productive rule.

在确定应用技术与系统结构的基础上，重点阐述了本文的核心技术，这包括：知识表示技术，采用&描述框架+规则组&的层次结构，&描述框架&用于描述问题域所涉及的因素，&规则组&反映问题域内的子问题；知识管理系统，由知识库编辑构件、因素分类构件、知识检测构件和知识求精构件组成；不确定性推理机采用启发式搜索策略，元知识控制的数据驱动，以复合证据可信度优先作为匹配冲突消解的策略，推理解释采用预置文本与求解路径追踪的方法；知识发现，采用SLIQ快速可伸缩算法，分类模型用判定树与产生式规则两种形式描述。

Lastly, based on analysis on phylogentic relationships among 39 ciliates combined with their main morphologic characters, some conclusion were drawn: 1 the monophyly of the peritrichs was strongly supported, and its subclass rank in the class Oligohymenophorea is reasonable; 2 the genus Epistylis might not be monophyletic, and the peristomial area, especially the peristomial lip, might be an important phylogenetic character within the genus Epistylis; 3 the taxonomic rank of the genus Carchesium and the genus Campanella were suggested to be adjusted; 4 Opisthonecta probably diverged from peritrichs with stalks; 5 the phylogenetic tree of peritrichs was reconstructed based on the molecular information inferred from SSrRNA gene sequences and the morphology.

测定了6科8属13种缘毛类纤毛虫的SSrDNA序列，将构建的最大简约树和邻接树与形态学相结合，分析得出：1）缘毛类纤毛虫是单系的，其分类地位是隶属于纤毛门寡膜纲缘毛亚纲：2）指出累枝虫属可能不是单系的，口围区是累枝虫属中重要的系统发育特征；3）建议调整独缩虫和聚钟虫属的分类地位；4）得出后游虫可能是由有柄缘毛类进化而来的类群；5）基于缘毛类反口区结构和SSrRNA基因序列提供的信息重建了缘毛类纤毛虫的系统发育树。

The result was consistent with morphology of Pleuronectiformes on the whole.In the topology founded,Scophthalmus maximus and Solea senegalensis formed an independent branch each other and showed far relationship with species of Bothidae and Pleuronectidae,the phylogenic position of Solea senegalensis is accorded with the reported result of analysis made by mitochondrial genome.

运用PAUP软件对15种鲽形目鱼类与另外7种不同种属鱼类进行了分子系统进化树分析，结果与根据传统的形态学和生化特征分类进化地位基本一致，在15种鲽形目鱼类中只有大菱鲆和塞内加尔鳎各自单独形成一个分支且与鲆科和鲽科鱼类相距较远，其中塞内加尔鳎等种类的分类地位与根据线粒体DNA序列分析的系统发生模式基本吻合。

Fifthly, for the sake of improving robusticity of KBAC system, we proposed"Bayes classification result decision making method"based on Bayes estimate theory and pattern recognition theory.

该方法的目的在于提高KBAC系统的鲁棒性（从错误分类中恢复出来的能力），使得系统中的VSM改进法具有其分类结果的&自信度&。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。