分类系统

In this study I focuses on Minaceae's molecular phylogeny , with consideration of morphological analysis. It is really helpful for us to solve taxonomic problems of higher taxa in mosses, improve study level and technique, and establish highlights in bryology.

本研究以形态学为基础对提灯藓科进行了分子系统学研究，对于解决苔藓高级分类等级的系统分类问题，提升和改进苔藓生物学研究水平与技术方法，推动苔藓生物学中其他领域的进展，均具有重要的科学意义。

Based on the methods and techniques of covering theory, the structure of module category of tame concealed algebra, one-point extension, vector space category, finite enlargement, degeneration theory, stable equivalence and combinatorial method, we will classify all of the three-point algebras with Gabriel quiver the system quiver Q according to representation type. We get the classification theorem: Let A=kQ/I be a three-point algebra given by the system quiver Q.

本文综合利用覆盖理论，tame concealed代数模范畴的结构，单点扩张，向量空间范畴，有限enlargement，退化理论，稳定等价以及组合的方法等多种方法和技巧，将所有由系统箭图Q给出的三点代数按表示型进行分类，得到如下分类定理：Q是系统箭图，I是kQ的一个admissible理想。

The taxonomic studies of B. dorsalis complex by morphological and genetic characters are reviewed. It is helpful to apply the molecular approach to taxonomic and phylogenetic analysis for the complex. And the outlook of phylogenetics and behavioral study of the complex will be focuse...

文章概述基于形态学和遗传学特征基础上的橘小实蝇复合体的分类鉴定及系统发育研究进展，介绍近年来分子生物学技术在橘小实蝇复合体分类及系统发育研究中的应用情况，展望系统发育和行为学研究是橘小实蝇复合体未来研究的重点领域。

In this thesis, the methods of surrounding rock masses stability classification on the basis of the geological documentation of muck and the boring parameters of TBM are approached, especially as follows:①The geological documentation of muck and the boring parameters of TBM in the Yellow River Diversion Project.of shanxi province is summarized systematically;②Based on the geological documentation of muck and the boring parameters of TBM, that whether the common methods of surrounding rock masses stability (the methods of regular factor classification) classification are feasible, is carried on the discussion;③According to the corresponding relation of muck and the boring parameters of TBM and the surrounding rock masses stability type, the extension assessment method of tunnel surrounding rock masses stability classification is set up, also the corresponding fortran calculation procedure worked out, and not only rational result in conformity with the reality can be obtained, but also the stability situation of surrounding rock masses in front of the working range can be predicted according to the change of the dependent value in the application instance of Yellow River Diversion Project;④Combining with the application instance of Yellow River Diversion Project, extension assessment method in the application of surrounding rock masses stability classification is compared and verificated in detail by applying fuzzy synthesis method by forefathers, and a certain degree discussion and summary about the application achievement of surrounding rock masses stability classification, which is assessed by extension assessment method and fuzzy synthesis method, are carried on.

本文基于渣料和TBM掘进参数的地质编录提供的地质信息进行了围岩稳定分类方法的探讨，重点进行：①对引黄工程中渣料和TBM掘进参数的地质编录的系统整理；②基于渣料和TBM掘进参数的地质编录获得的地质信息，对常用围岩稳定分类方法是否能够进行围岩稳定分类进行了探讨；③根据渣料和TBM掘进参数与围岩稳定类型的对应关系，应用可拓理论，建立了隧洞围岩稳定分类的可拓评价方法，还编制了相应的fortran计算程序，并在引黄工程的应用实例中不仅取得了与客观实际相符的合理结果，而且根据其关联度值的变化能够预测临近掌子面前方围岩的稳定情况；④结合引黄工程的应用实例运用模糊综合评判方法对可拓评判方法在围岩稳定分类中的应用进行了详细的验证、比较，并对前人在运用可拓学和模糊数学进行岩体稳定评判的应用成果方面，进行了一定的探讨、总结。

The work reads as follows: setting up the concept of network users" behavior and categorised system, then discussing the classification of users based on network users" behavior; analyzing the information source of network behavior analytical system, considering mostly two respects of efficiency and accuracy of behavior information; probing into the demand,step and system frame for establishing network user"s behavior analytical system, and discussing some key technology in course of the system implementation; Then putting forward several kinds of common application modes or thought of network users" behavior analysis, including network click flow analysis , computer and network security analysis and user structure analysis of Intranet. The key algorithm of behavior analysis system has been discussed and improved .

本论文在此领域主要工作成果如下：建立了网络用户行为的概念与分类体系，并在此基础上进行了用户分类；分析了网络行为分析系统的信息源，其中主要考虑了信息获取的高效性和准确性两个方面；探讨了建立网络用户行为分析系统的需求、步骤和体系框架，以及设计和实现系统过程中所面临的一些关键技术；接着在上述基础上提出几种常用的网络用户行为分析系统模型或其思想，主要列举了网络用户行为分析在Web点击流分析、计算机与网络安全方面以及Intranet网内用户结构分析中的应用。

The sequence variation analyses showed that there are 236 variable and 221 parsimony-informative in the aligned 605 nucleotide sites, in addition, the relative frequenencies of four nucleotides were not equal an this fact showed that the base compositions were biased. The results of phylogenetic analyses showed:(1) the phylogenetic relationships of the Cypraeidae taxa was basically in consistent with morphology-based ones;(2)Cypraeovulinae was monophyletic in all trees, whereas Nariinae and Cypraeinae were not;(3)the monophylies of Mauritia, Palmadusta, Erosaria, Monetaria, Staphylaea and Pustularia were strongly supported by molecular data;(4)Meyer's speculation that Chelycypraea came out from Luria were also supported.

结果表明：(1)宝贝科28种动物的分子系统树大部分与形态学分类一致；(2)在系统树上，疹贝与鼻贝亚科的其它分类群的距离相隔较远，提示它们之间有较远的亲缘关系，建议将疹贝属列入宝贝亚科；(3)卵宝贝亚科包括希达贝、脊焦贝、筛目贝、拟枣贝、焦掌贝以及呆足贝等共计15个属，它们在系统树上构成独立的一个大支系，构成单系群；(4)支持Meyer将龟甲贝从禄亚贝总属中分离出来的观点，但龟甲贝和林西那贝之间的系统发生关系及其分类地位还有待于进一步探讨。

Aimed at the study of Lauraceae system classification in domestic and overseas,genetic diversity and genetic variation between Cinnamomun micranthum Hayata natural populations and Ex-situ conservation poputations and relationship among Its Close Relative Species of Cinnamomum camphora Presl,Cinnamomum burmannii(C.G.etTh.Nee) Bl,Phoebe bournei Yang. Litsea subcoriacea Yang et P.H.Huan. Neolitsea aurata Koidz,Lindera communis Hemsl and Persea Americana Mill.were studied by inter-simple sequence repeats molecular marker.The research aimed at genetic variation between Cinnamomun micranthum Hayata populations,so that can offer the molecular theoretic and practical method for conservation and utilization of Cinnamomun micranthum Hayata populations.

针对目前国内外对樟科植物系统分类的研究现状，本研究采用ISSR分子标记技术对樟科沉水樟天然居群和迁地保护居群的遗传多样性进行研究，从分子水平上分析沉水樟种群的生态遗传及其遗传变异规律；同时利用ISSR分子标记技术比较沉水樟及其近缘种香樟、阴香、闽楠、桂北木姜子、新木姜子、香叶树、鳄梨在分子水平上的亲缘关系，揭示这些树种在樟科植物系统进化中的作用与地位，探讨沉水樟及其近缘种的遗传多样性及其分化格局，为樟科植物的系统分类提供分子水平的依据。

According to molecular phylogenetic analysis of MADS1, MOC1, and TB1 alleles, the bamboo species may be divided to three main monophyletic group, but they are not corresponded to diffuse, unicaespitose and pluricaespitose bamboo.

进一步对不同基因(MADS1、MOC1和TB1)的系统进化作了比较，发现MOC1基因的系统进化分析结果对现有分类体系的支持最多，MADS1基因次之，而TB1基因可能不适用于竹类植物的系统进化与分类分析。

In order to provide more information for the further taxonomic studies on Sterculiaceae, three problems are carefully analyzed here, which are (1) the taxonomic position and systematic relations of the family,(2) the taxonomic position and relationships of some genera in this family, and (3) the application of some new taxonomic characteristics to the classification of the family.

本文从梧桐科的分类地位和系统关系﹑属的分类地位和亲缘关系以及分类学新特征在梧桐科分类中的应用三个方面入手，分析了梧桐科分类学研究的历史﹑现状和存在的问题，特别是把来自分子资料的研究结果与传统分类进行了比较分析，试图为梧桐科的分类学研究提供更多的帮助。

The fields overlap however in the science of phylogenetic systematics – colloquially often called "cladism" or "cladistics"–, where only phylogenetic trees are used to delimit taxa, which represent groups of lineage-connected individuals.

系统发生学与分类学的交互重叠区域是系统发生分类学，常俗称为&分支学说&或&遗传分类学&；在系统发生分类学中，只用系统发生树来定分类的界限，这些分类代表血统相关个体组成的群。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。