分类空间

Using a large data set of 1 894 images,we examine whether the colorspace transformation can increase the compactness of skin distribution and the discriminability between skin and nonskin distributions in fourteen 3D colorspaces and fourteen 2D chrominance planes.

比较结果表明：(1)颜色空间的变换并不能改善肤色紧致性、肤色-非肤色可分辨性以及分类等性能，但RGB及线性变换空间却具有较好的类可分辨性和分类性能；(2)去除亮度信息将明显降低肤色和非肤色之间的可分辨性和分类性能；(3)Bayes决策下的3维SPM的分类性能是最优和空间无关的，而其余分类器则普遍存在类似的"空间偏好性"；(4)同时采用肤色和非肤色模型的分类器的分类性能优于仅使用肤色模型的分类性能。

At first, four feature attributes were built by content of DNA's four bases. By increasing length attribute of DNA sequence in the space to extent the feature attribute space. Finally, the classification of hyperplane was obtained on the basis of available samples training by using SVC in the feature attribute space.

根据SVM分类器的要求建立特征属性空间，首先由每个DNA中4个碱基的含量得到4个特征属性，然后在此空间中扩充DNA序列长度的属性，最后根据SVM分类器对已知的DNA分类样本做训练得到分类超平面。

The results indicated:（1）the combination of the Markov and spatial logistic models can improve the predictability of each model individually. In macroscopic scale, the total land use amount can be predicted via Markov chain; in microscopic scale, the multi-class multinomial logistic model can be used to implement the combined calculations of categorical variable and continuous variable, qualitative variable and quantitative variable to improve the precision of spatial regression. Meanwhile, the transition probability of each land use unit will be confirmed and the prediction of land use spatial distribution will also be completed.（2）the application system developed in accordance with the integrated model can effectively simulate and predict the land use evolution in Shenzhen City, and the prediction precision of verification system will suffice for recent land use monitoring and the making of annual land supply planning.

研究结果：（1）空间Logistic和Markov模型集成可提升单一模型的应用能力，宏观上利用Markov Chain进行土地利用规模总量预测，微观上利用多分类Multinomial Logistic模型解决分类变量与连续变量，定性变量和定量变量的联合解算提高空间回归精度，同时可以确定每一个土地利用单元转移概率，实现土地利用空间分布的预测；（2）基于集成模型开发出的应用系统能够有效仿真和预测深圳市土地利用演化，通过验证系统预测精度能够满足近期土地利用预警和年度土地供应计划编制。

The classical work usually assumes the setting of complex projective space in favor of its algebraic closedness; thus the classical results cannot be applied directly to the setting of real projective space assumed in most CAD/CAM applications.

古典的代数几何方法对QSIC的分类在复空间进行，由于复空间的代数封闭性，在复空间对QSIC的分类已有非常完善的结果，但其分类结果不能直接应用于实空间中的CAD／CAM问题中。

Some new basic concepts are proposed in this paper, including the approximation space of generalization, rough approximation axiom, disturbance set axiom, classification principle of rough set, principle of nondeterministic even set, principle classification, bit quantum symmetric classification, of concentration, game classification, quantum logic incomparable set, bit space set, protocol relation, rough set function of protocol relation, rough classification algebra, rough simple algebra, etc., and a guess is also proposed.

提出了广义近似空间、粗近似公理、干扰集公理、粗糙集的分类原则、粗选原则、不确定偶集原则、精选原则、对策分类、量子逻辑分类、bit量子对称分类、不可比集、bit空间集、协议关系、粗糙集函数、粗糙分类代数和粗糙单代数等基本概念，并提出了一个猜想；展示了一些新观点；基于协议关系构造了粗糙商代数和粗糙子代数，给出了回避-归并算法及算例。

An inductive learning method for classification based on information theory is proposed, which is a maximum contribution classification method according to the theory of channel transmission in information theory, the definition contribution is developed based on probability distribution of classified space, probability transfer matrices of classified space and feature space and mutual information, then entities is classified by the maximum contribution method.

提出了一种基于信息论的归纳分类学习算法－最大贡献分类算法。该算法根据信息论中信道传输的理论，把类别空间和各特征空间的概率转移矩阵以及互信息结合起来，定义了贡献的概念，从而得出了对给定的观测值，用它的最大贡献作为对实体进行分类的规则。

Brightness of aware sort is the classification norm of distance classification. Distance classification compares brightness between aware sort and unknown pixels. Angle of spectral line is the classification norm of degree classification. Degree classification compares angle of spectral line between aware sort and unknown pixels.

距离分类器是以已知地物类别的亮度值作为分类基准，通过比较未知类别像元与已知类别像元亮度值间的距离进行分类；角度分类器是以光谱谱线角为分类基准，通过比较n维波段空间中未知类别像元与已知类别像元光谱角度进行分类。

In other words, metaphor surpasses the traditional dual logic by subsuming greater meaning within a larger and more comprehensive whole.

换句话说，隐喻是对传统二值逻辑樊篱的超越，它使事物的类属关系或分类空间不再是僵化的、固定不变的，而是在一定条件下不断调适的、不断互动的。

As a result, it is convenient for the recognition system to use the simple linear classifier to segment the sample space, so that the accuracy and distortion invariant ability can be easily achieved. The classification structure of a bifurcating tree is utilized to decompose the classification problem of multi-classes to the multi-stage classification of two classes, which simplifies the design of the classifier, and improves the searching efficiency as well. A gray-scale analysis based method for extracting features from optical correlation result is proposed.

提出了二叉树鉴别分类方法，在使用同类图象的多个典型畸变样本训练识别系统的基础上，利用鉴别分析方法优化各类图象的特征向量在样本空间中的分布，不仅有利于同时提高系统的准确性和抗畸变能力，而且便于采用简单的线性分类器来划分样本空间；利用二叉树分类结构，将多类样本的分类问题分解为多级二类样本的分类问题，不仅简化了分类器的设计，而且提高了搜索效率。

Formly, HDR casts classification problems and regression problems into a unified regression problem. Clustering is performed in both output space and input space at each internal node, termed "doubly clustered" and discriminants in the input space are automatically derived from the clusters in the input space. A hierarchical probability distribution model is applied to the resulting discriminating subspace at each internal node.

在图像的分类和检索中，以前的层次判别回归方法把分类和回归统一成回归问题，在每个内部节点进行输入和输出空间的双聚类，输入空间的分类子空间可以自动从聚类中获得，再用层次概率分布模型计算判别子空间，这样就构成了输入空间由粗到精的概率分布，可以准确而且快速地实现高维数据的检索。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。