分类数据

They both are one of abstract expressions to geographic space and time. By comparison, the latter is the target of GIS development. Feature classification, which must be based on cognitive classificatory theory, is the key to the latter.

二者都是对地理时空的一种抽象表达，对比分析后认为，基于特征的数据组织更符合人们的思维认知习惯，是GIS数据组织追求的目标；基于特征的数据组织方法的关键是特征分类，特征分类必须以认知分类理论为基础。

To solve the problem, a pre-classification algorithm of measured data is introduced and a new algorithm is developed to divide unmeasured data into determinable and indeterminable data, using matrix projection algorithm.

采用已测数据预分类的方法，对其进行了修正。在此基础上，将矩阵投影算法引入到了未测数据分类中，提出了基于矩阵投影算法的未测数据分类算法。

Regarding to the multi-granularity of and analysis demand of stock index futures transaction data, this article proposed a classification method based on support vector machines. Tangent plane solution of support vector machines is established by introducing geometrical solution. Therefore, investors can be classified based on straightforward transaction data.

针对股指期货成交数据的多粒度性以及成交数据分析的需求，本文提出在解决噪声、多粒度数据分类问题方面有突出优越性的支持向量机分类方法，引入几何求解方式，提出了支持向量机的切平面解法，根据成交数据直观地对投资者进行分类。

Secondly, two methods are combined into a 2D classifying method and again the current highway information foundation data elements are classified in 2 Dimensions. The problems in data element set are pointed out and also the expand idea is put forward. The key properties of 2D classifying data element are studied.

将2种分类方法结合形成二维数据元分类方法，并对现有公路信息基础数据元重新进行了分类，指出存在问题并给出了数据元扩充的思路，对二维数据元的关键属性进行了研究。

The following results are made from this research: Assessing data quality and band combination of different bands in line with geo-target features in desertification areas, and determining basic bands for desertification monitoring. And understanding and studying the spectral features and variation rules of geo-targets in the experimental area, raising that it is the basis of geo-targets information collection with imaging spectrometer data to understand spectral features and variation rules of geo-targets, realizing that in a great extent spectral-integrated-form-based classification method can remove the phenomenon of "different spectrum with same objects" resulted from reflection ratio curve translation because of the angle change among sensor, targets and observation direction, and the average and variance images can be introduced to solve the problem of two kinds of geo-target with similar spectral forms and much different values of whole reflectionratio. It is suggested that "red edge" range bands of vegetation, which has close relationship with vegetation cover and biomass, is the main characteristic bands and important basis for careful vegetation classification and quantitative retrieval, and pixel-based derivative spectral analysis is very useful for removing the effects of soil background values and quantitatively retrieving vegetation biomass and cover. The remote sense quantitative retrieval model is developed for main appraisable factors of desertification monitoring assessment with imaging spectrometer data and then the applicability of model is analyzed.

研究结果如下：首先针对荒漠化地区的地物特征，对高光谱数据不同波段的数据质量、波段组合进行了评价，提出了适用于荒漠化监测的基本波段选择集；初步了解和掌握了研究地区的地物光谱特性及变异规律，进一步明确了掌握地物光谱特征和变异规律是用成像光谱仪数据提取地物信息的基础；发现了基于光谱整体形状的分类方法在很大程度上能够消除由于传感器、地物目标观测方向之间的角度变化引起的反射率曲线整体平移的"同物异谱"现象，对于谱形相似而整体反射率的值相差较大的两类地物，通过引入均值和方差图像参与分类得到解决；研究还表明在植被"红边"范围内的波段是进行荒漠化监测的主要特征波段，这些波段与植被生物量和盖度都有密切的关系，是开展精细植被分类研究和植被定量反演的重要基础；像元的导数光谱分析可以消除土壤背景的影响，是进行植被生物量和盖度定量反演的有力工具；建立了荒漠化监测主要评价因子的定量反演模型，并分析了模型的适用性。

UDI dataset is used to verify the validation of the ABC. Experimental results show that the ABC has higher classification accuracy, with 5％ average improvement, than the naive Bayes one has. Especially, for the dataset containing strong associated attributes, 37％ improvement in accuracy is obtained.

应用UDI数据集对分类器进行了测试，分类结果表明，ABC算法的分类准确率明显高于朴素贝叶斯分类算法，平均提高5％，特别是对属性间有着较强依赖关系的数据集，其分类准确率提高了37％。

The following results are made from this research: Assessing data quality and band combination of different bands in line with geo-target features in desertification areas, and determining basic bands for desertification monitoring. And understanding and studying the spectral features and variation rules of geo-targets in the experimental area, raising that it is the basis of geo-targets information collection with imaging spectrometer data to understand spectral features and variation rules of geo-targets, realizing that in a great extent spectral-integrated-form-based classification method can remove the phenomenon of "different spectrum with same objects" resulted from reflection ratio curve translation because of the angle change among sensor, targets and observation direction, and the average and variance images can be introduced to solve the problem of two kinds of geo-target with similar spectral forms and much different values of whole reflectionratio. It is suggested that "red edge" range bands of vegetation, which has close relationship with vegetation cover and biomass, is the main characteristic bands and important basis for careful vegetation classification and quantitative retrieval, and pixel-based derivative spectral analysis is very useful for removing the effects of soil background values and quantitatively retrieving vegetation biomass and cover. The remote sense quantitative retrieval model is developed for main appraisable factors of desertification monitoring assessment with imaging spectrometer data and then the applicability of model is analyzed.

研究结果如下：首先针对荒漠化地区的地物特征，对高光谱数据不同波段的数据质量、波段组合进行了评价，提出了适用于荒漠化监测的基本波段选择集；初步了解和掌握了研究地区的地物光谱特性及变异规律，进一步明确了掌握地物光谱特征和变异规律是用成像光谱仪数据提取地物信息的基础；发现了基于光谱整体形状的分类方法在很大程度上能够消除由于传感器、地物目标观测方向之间的角度变化引起的反射率曲线整体平移的&同物异谱&现象，对于谱形相似而整体反射率的值相差较大的两类地物，通过引入均值和方差图像参与分类得到解决；研究还表明在植被&红边&范围内的波段是进行荒漠化监测的主要特征波段，这些波段与植被生物量和盖度都有密切的关系，是开展精细植被分类研究和植被定量反演的重要基础；像元的导数光谱分析可以消除土壤背景的影响，是进行植被生物量和盖度定量反演的有力工具；建立了荒漠化监测主要评价因子的定量反演模型，并分析了模型的适用性。

In this experimental system, the main feature is that user can do some basal operation expediently using graphical interfaces, namely loading the existent data sets or creating new data sets, and choosing different kernel function to train the SVM classification, which can classify the given data correctly, it shows the result of classification and comparison of performance intuitionally.

在该实验系统中，最大的特点是用户可以通过图形界面方便地进行一些基本的操作，即装载已有的数据集，也可以创建新的数据集，并选择不同的核函数训练支持向量机分类器，能够对数据进行正确的分类，比较直观地显示了分类的结果。

As to the aspects of constructing methods for hedonic price index, based on the comparison of the current methods, this paper classifies them into four varieties, pooling data index, cross section index, hedonic-price-function-based modeling index and hedonic-price-function-based quality adjustment index.

并按该定义，根据特征价格指数使用特征价格函数的材料不同和使用的数据结构不同，给出了特征价格指数的分类方法和不同分类的定义。2、根据特征价格指数使用特征价格函数的材料不同和使用的数据结构不同，划分出四种主要的特征价格指数编制方法，即截面数据特征价格指数法、合并数据特征价格指数法、特征价格模拟法和特征价格质量调整法。

Attributions selecton and rule extraction are the most important topics in data mining.

在分类数据挖掘中，属性选择和规则抽取是两个最重要的工作。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了