分类

The first method is not related to petrogenesis, but welcomed by its benefit in field work and basic petrology research; the second method reflects magma sources and tectonic environment, which has always been considered to be very important since proposed, especially a steady flow of A-type granite result in recent years; the third method, often used by researchers, consists of information about mineralogy, petology and magma source; the last method is characterized for its simple and uniform classification criterion, as well as strong operability.

矿物学－岩石学分类不涉及成因信息，比较适用于野外工作以及最基本的岩石学研究；ISMA分类的标准反映的是岩浆源区和构造环境，自提出后备受重视，尤其是A型花岗岩的研究成果近来大量涌现；Barbarin的综合性分类包含了矿物学、岩石学和岩浆源区的信息，也受到一定的推崇；Frost的地球化学分类标准统一，具有很强的操作性。

The results above showed:(1) The cultivars of large-flowered chrysanthemum are widely distributed in Beijing area with plentiful floral types and floral colors;(2) The cultivars with the rare types and colors are urgent for protection;(3) Most of the quantitative characters obeys to the normal distribution,some important traits agreed with skewed distribution.The probability grading can assist quantitative character in establishing new grading standards;(4) Most of qualitative characters is asymmetrical in cultivars,which might be caused by unbalanced differentiation of characters or linkages coming from emphasis characters selection;(5) The floral characters are relatively stable and have comparably large influence on classification,the characters of stipule also have a certain degree of stability and can act as an reasonable supplement for cultivars classification,but the foliar characters have worse stability and can only be recognized as lower level criterion.(6) The genetic relationship among the Flat-petaled group,the Quilled-petal group and the Spoon-petaled group are closest,which followed by the Filiform-petal group because of long-term selection pressure for the specialization of the petal tip loved by most people.The Anemone-petal group has further genetic relationship with these four groups.(7) ISSR molecular marker detection indicates that the proportion of polymorphic loci of lardge-flowered chrysanthemum is higher,in which the Flat-petaled group has the highest genetic diversity level.

综合以上的研究结果表明：(1)北京地区现有大量大菊品种，且花型与花色较为丰富；(2)珍稀花型、花色品种亟需保护；(3)大部分数量性状是符合正态分布的，少数重点观赏性状迫于选择压力呈现偏态分布，概率分级法能够辅助大菊的数量性状建立新的分级标准；(4)大部分质量性状在品种群内的分布是不均匀的，可能是由菊花性状遗传分化的不均衡性或受到选育重点性状的连锁作用而造成的；(5)大菊花部性状相对稳定，对品种分类影响较大，其托叶部分也具有一定程度的稳定性，可以作为品种分类的合理补充，而叶部性状稳定性较差，在品种分类中应作为更次一级的分类依据；(6)平瓣类、管瓣类和匙瓣类的亲缘关系最近，畸瓣类品种花瓣先端特化受到人们的喜爱，长期的选择压力使其区别于3种基本瓣型，而这四种瓣型与桂瓣类在亲缘关系上较远；(7)ISSR分子标记检测表明：大菊品种多态性位点百分率较高，平瓣类品种的遗传分化最为丰富。

Status and existing problems of waste classification in Beijing were analyzed by principle of logistics systematism.

采用物流系统论的观点分析了北京市垃圾分类状况和存在问题，提出了垃圾分类管理与技术方面的需求，探讨了实施垃圾分类的管理方式，推荐了垃圾人工分类和机械分选的一些典型方法。

Aimed at the problem that the traditional support vector machine cannot adapt itself to text database updating continuously from time to time, a text categorization algorithm with increment al SVM was presented after analyzing the KKT qualification of newly added text sets and thoroughly investigating the variation of support vector set due to text addition.

针对传统SVM无法适应文本数据库随着时间不断更新的问题，通过对新增文本集的KKT条件的分析，研究了加入新增文本集后支持向量集的变化，提出了使用增量SVM进行文本分类的算法，并通过实验验证了通过该算法得到的分类器和传统分类器有着相似的分类能力和泛化能力

The taxonomic system is very different from the one used widespreadly by foreign scholars. The taxonomic status and the phylogentic relationships among the five families Catantopidae, Acrididae, Oedipodidae, Arcypteridae, Gomphoceridae is the main controversy. In order to provide enough proofs for improving the taxonomic system, it is necessary to study the phylogeny of five families of Acridoidea based on molecular markers.

但此分类系统与国外所用的分类系统差别较大，争论的焦点在于斑腿蝗科、剑角蝗科、斑翅蝗科、网翅蝗科和槌角蝗科5个科的分类地位及其相互关系，因此我们从分子水平上探讨这5科的系统发育关系，为完善蝗总科分类系统提供一些必要的证据。

By the automatic categorization, web pages is distinguishingly created into corresponding data bases according to category info, which improve recall and precision ration of Chinese search engine. In the meantime, automatic categorization info resource is established to provide category message catalog for users. In addition, the quality of automatic categorization in some measure has positive effect upon sequent relativity sort process.

通过自动分类不仅仅可以将网页按照类别信息分别建立相应的数据库，提高中文搜索引擎的查全率和查准率，而且可以建立自动的分类信息资源，为用户提供分类信息目录，并且，自动分类的好与坏，对后面的相关性排序过程也有一定的积极作用。

In the paper, I analyze and deal with the primal data of eradiate noise to get the ratio of recognition and make a conclusion that the feature extraction arithmetic and classifier arithmetic are efficient.

本文利用两次松花湖湖泊试验所采哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文集的船舶辐射噪声数据进行分析处理，为了验证模糊融合分类器的分类性能，依据具体情况做了两个分类试验，给出各自具体的识别率，并由此得出了相应的结论，即本文所选取的特征提取和分类器算法基本上是有效的。

It has good classifying effect and its shortcomings are that feature terms are irrelated affecting classifying precision and consuming time is great in the classifying phase.

最后，对K近邻分类算法进行分析，K近邻算法的优点是算法比较简单，容易实现，分类效果好：缺点是特征项相互独立，影响分类精度，在分类阶段的时间开销太大。

In order to make Maca be introduced to China, the basicproblems related to introduction and planting such as morphology classification, regionlayout, tissue culture and allelopathy were carried out. And the results were as follows:(1) The numerical Taxonomy of Maca and fifteen plants of Lepidium in China wasinvestigated by cluster analysis and the results showed that the method of numericaltaxonomy could be applied for Lepidium and its results were basically consistent with thatof morphology taxonomy and molecular marker such as Pi intron, ITS and cpDNA.

本文围绕玛咖在中国引种栽培的基础性和关键性问题，进行了形态学分类、区域规划、组织快繁以及克生现象等的研究，取得以下成果：(1)采用聚类分析，对 15 种中国独行菜属植物以及玛咖进行数量学分类，结论与经典形态学分类以及用 Pi 内含子序列、ITS 序列和 cpDNA 序列进行分类的结果基本吻合，玛咖与家独行菜、碱独行菜的亲缘关系最近，相似系数分别为 0.839、0.722。

Later, SECTILE is applied to classify Chinese documents and compared to kNN and CCC method.

将SECTILE算法应用于中文文本分类，并与kNN算法和类中心向量法进行比较，结果表明，在保证不损失分类精度的前提下，SECTILE可以大大提高分类速度，有利于对大规模信息样本进行实时在线的自动分类。

Lugalbanda was a god and shepherd king of Uruk where he was worshipped for over a thousand years.

Lugalbanda 是神和被崇拜了一千年多 Uruk古埃及喜克索王朝国王。

I am coming just now,' and went on perfuming himself with Hunut, then he came and sat.

我来只是现在，'歼灭战perfuming自己与胡努特，那麼，他来到和SAT 。