分生的

The bacteriostatic effects, action mechanisms and antimicrobial spectrum of the strains were tested. After 5 days of culture, a bacteriostatic belt of 6.9-9.67 mm in width was observed on the culture plate, and the inhibitory activity maintained for 10 d. Prefiltration fermentation of the strains P1 and P5 could significantly inhibit conidial germination of the pathogen, with inhibitive rate ranging from 97.51% to 98.12%. The action might be realized by inducing hyphal deformity, bioplasm concentration, conidial germination inhibition and distorting germ tubes of conidia.

通过对其抑菌效果、机制和抗真菌谱进行测定，结果表明，P1、P5和葡萄灰霉病菌对峙培养5 d后，均产生明显的抑菌带，抑菌带宽度为6.90～9.67 mm，培养10 d后，仍然保持稳定的抑菌效果；P1、P5的发酵原液对葡萄灰霉病菌孢子萌发具有显著的抑制作用，抑制率为97.51%～98.12%；P1、P5对病菌的作用机制表现为使病菌菌丝畸形、原生质浓缩、菌丝断裂、抑制病菌分生孢子的萌发、导致孢子芽管扭曲。

In this research, swainsonine contents of three Oxytropis species were determined by the high performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The population genetic diversity was also studied and the swainsonine related molecular markers were screened by ISSR. In vitro fungi cultures from the individual plant of O. glabra were performed and microbiological morphology of the colony and the conidiophore were investigated. The 5.8S rDNA/ITS sequences of fungi amplified from total DNA in both plants and fungal endophytes were studied. These sequences were analysed and compared, and they were also compared to the 5.8S rDNA/ITS sequence of fungal enduphyte Embellisia sp. L12 from the O.lambertii, O.sericea and A.mollisimus distributed in USA.

本研究采用高效液相色谱-质谱联用法测定了三种棘豆植物的苦马豆素含量；通过ISSR分子标记技术对三种棘豆种群遗传多样性及其苦马豆素相关标记进行了研究；将小花棘豆植物单株进行体外真菌培养，研究了菌落和分生孢子的微生物形态学特性，从植物总DNA和相同植株培养的真菌总DNA扩增真菌的5.8SrDNA/ITS区，进行了DNA序列分析与排序；联系单株小花棘豆的苦马豆素含量测定和内生真菌ITS序列分析结果，与从美国分布的二种棘豆(O.lambertii、O.sericea)和一种黄芪(A.mollisimus)中分离的内生真菌埃里砖格孢属Embellisia sp.L12株得到的结果进行了比较。

Another trend apparent throughout the tribe is the reduction of the large, terminal inflorescence to a few digitate or paired racemes, often arising from the axils of specialized leaves with inflated sheaths and reduced blades. In the most complex genera the ultimate unit is a boat-shaped sheath without a blade subtending 1 or 2 short racemes, and by repeated branching many of these units are gathered into a leafy compound panicle.The spikelets contain 2 florets, but this is not obvious as the florets are delicate and usually reduced.

Another趋势对一些指状的或的大，顶生的开花的减少配对总状花序，在最多复合体属里末级的单位是一舟状的没有一叶片对着1或2短总状花序的鞘，并且通过被重复的分枝大多数这些件被收集成为一多叶的复合的panicle。

False spikes terminal on apical 2/3 of stems and branches, in panicles; corolla limb projected at an obtuse angle to tube; stems covered with golden yellow, rusty brown, or purple villous or strigose hairs, hairs to 2.5 mm

在顶端的2/3的茎和分枝上顶生的假的穗状花序，在圆锥花序里；对筒部在一个钝角凸出的花冠瓣片；为金黄色所覆盖的茎，锈色的棕色，或紫色具长柔毛或毛，毛兑2.5毫米 9 Teucrium quadrifarium 铁轴草

Erythropalum has sometimes been placed in a distinct family, the Erythropalaceae, because of its very distinctive tendrils, large and lax inflorescences, and dehiscent fruit, but it also has the free, central placentation characteristic of the Olacaceae, and molecular data do not seem to support such a separation.

Erythropalum有时已经被放在单独的科，Erythropalaceae里，因为它的非常特别的卷须，大和疏松的花序，以及裂果，但它也具离生的、中央胎座的 Olacaceae的特点，而分子数据看起来并不支持将它分出。

As a result, some valuable taxonomicmethods, criteria and our viewpoints were concluded. The morphology ofthe sporus is the main identical base at species level, which include thecharacters of the shape, size, colour, septate and ornament of the wall etc,and some sporus with distinct variable are also useful at genus level.

孢子的特征(包括形状、大小、颜色、隔膜数和表面纹饰等)是种级分类的主要依据，一些形态差异较大的孢子可作为属的划分标准；其次，分生孢子梗的形态特征、产孢细胞的延伸方式及产孢方式也是主要的鉴别依据，对属级水平上该真菌的鉴别有重要意义；另外，培养特征及产孢表型可作为分类鉴定的必要、有益补充。

There were some important discovery in structure character as the follows: in sarcotesta that materials making experiment, all possessed the structure of bandshape and like primary thickening meristem; sarcotesta possessed amphivasal vascular bundle and the vascular bundle that xylem distribute in two sied of phloem on inside and outside were discovered; new structure patterns of root that possessed more plentiful secondary cortex etc.

其中，发现外种皮中均具明显的似初生增厚分生组织的带状结构；且发现在外种皮的组织中具有双木维管束及周木维管束，发现了苏铁科植物根具较丰富的次生皮层等新的结构形式；在对比材料鳞秕泽米铁的羽片中发现了导管，这些在苏铁植物方面过去均未见有报道。

When pea ( Pisum sativum L.,Alaska strain) was grown in short\|day conditions,the apical bud senescence started with the transformation of the bud from vegetative to reproductive growth.DNA fragmentation was detected during the senescence using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase\|mediated dUTP nick end in situ labeling method.The cell ultrastructural changes were similar to apoptosis in animal cells:the apical meristemetic cells underwent the programmed cell death.This wa...

显微、超微结构研究表明，短日照条件下豌豆顶芽的衰老过程是从营养生长锥向花芽的转化，而用DNA原位末端标记、Caspase 8WesternBlot和 14 0bpDNA片断积累的试验结果证明，转化为花芽的整个生长锥细胞发生了编程性死亡，而且其最顶端部分细胞首先发生PCD ，而顶端周围的分生组织细胞逐渐分化出花芽的各部分，但顶芽最后并没有发育成为完整的花，所有细胞就都发生PCD ，从而顶芽衰老

The assay of the coarse protein , a variety of amino acid about nematode-trapping fungus — Arthrobotrys oligospora strain A1 and the third stage larva showed that the contents of the coarse protein and a variety of amino acid of larva are mostly higher than that of predacious organs containing annulus and cohesive net ,conidia and hypha in the different growth phases.

捕食线虫性真菌——少孢节丛孢菌菌株及线虫第三期幼虫的粗蛋白质和各种氨基酸种类及其含量化学成份测定结果表明：捕食线虫性真菌—少孢节丛孢菌的各生长阶段和线虫幼虫的粗蛋白质和氨基酸的种类和含量比较显示：线虫幼虫的粗蛋白质和各种氨基酸的含量大多数都高于少孢节丛孢菌捕食器、分生孢子、和菌丝的含量；结果还说明：捕食器菌丝的化学组成也与普通菌丝不一样。

At the end of the first month, they mate, but there is still one only 1 pair.

在一月底，最初的一对兔子交配，但是还只有1对兔子；在二月底，雌兔产下一对兔子，共有2对兔子；在三月底，最老的雌兔产下第二对兔子，共有3对兔子；在四月底，最老的雌兔产下第三对兔子，两个月前生的雌兔产下一对兔子，共有5对兔子；……如此这般计算下去，兔子对数分别是：1， 1， 2， 3， 5， 8， 13， 21， 34， 55，89， 144，。。。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。