分枝的

Inflorescence a terminal open panicle with elongate central axis; branches capillary, subdivided, each branchlet tipped by a short raceme; racemes with 1–5(–8) spikelet pairs, often reduced to triads of 1 sessile and 2 pedicelled spikelets, basal homogamous spikelet pairs absent; rachis internodes and pedicels slender, with a median translucent stripe between thickened margins.

花序一顶生开阔的的圆锥花序具拉长主轴线；分枝发状，再分，通过一短总状花序的每小枝端部；总状花序具1-5(-8)小穗对，通常退化至三人小团伙的1无梗和小穗2 pedicelled，基部同性花对无；节间的轴和花梗纤细，有在加厚的边之间的一个中间的半透明的条纹。

It also can be used as alternative antigen of newgeneration vaccine.In this experiment,we screen the major protective antigen hsp65 gene of MAP in order to developnew vaccine especially the DNA vaccine for the prevention of paratuberculosis disease.The hsp65 genewas amplified from MAP C-2 chromosomal DNA by using the PCR technique.We gained a hsp65 gene of 1 626bp.Then PCR product was cloned into pGEM-T vector by T-A clone technique and therecombinant clone was identified by plasmid size,enzyme digestion and PCR identification.The cloneplasmid of pGEM-T- hsp65 was successfully constructed.The nucleotide sequence and deduced aminoacid sequence ofclone gene was analyzed by DNASTAR software.The result indicated that the size ofhsp65 gene consist with M.paratuberculosis K-10 strain in GenBank and the sequential homogeneityreached 99.1%,the amino acid homogeneity reached 99.3%.The preceding analysis indicated that thehsp65 gene was very conservative in M.paratuberculosis.

为了研发预防副结核病的新型疫苗尤其是DNA疫苗及相关蛋白功能，本研究选择了MAP的主要保护性抗原Hsp65蛋白，以副结核分枝杆菌C-2株染色体DNA为模板，以hsp65基因的特异性引物进行PCR扩增，获得了1 626bp的hsp65基因，通过T-A克隆技术，将PCR产物克隆至pGEM-T Vector中，以质粒大小、酶切分析、PCR扩增及序列分析鉴定重组克隆，成功地构建出克隆质粒pGEM-T-hsp65，以DNASTAR软件分析了所克隆基因的核苷酸序列和推导的氨基酸序列，结果表明，所获得的hsp65基因与GenBank中MAPK-10株该基因核苷酸大小完全一致，两者核苷酸序列的同源性为99.1％，氨基酸序列的同源性为99.3％，表明该基因在副结核分枝杆菌中高度保守。

The main results were as follows:An appropriate concentration of ethephon sprayed on leaves of peanut made stems and branchs height shorter,but more branches;The fresh weight and dry weight per unit of leaf area and per plant increased;It optimized some physiological and biochemical characteristics in the leaves.It was showed that the ethephon increased obviously the contents of protein and chlorophyll and the activity of SOD and POD in the leaves,and improved the rates of photosynthesis and transpiration of the leaves,and increased the activity of the roots,but decreased the content of MDA in the leaves;It improved the quantity of pods,the percentage of plumy pods and the peanut yield.

结果表明：喷施适宜浓度的乙烯利可使植株相对矮化，抑制花生地上部分的生长，使主茎和分枝长比对照短，但分枝数较多；提高单位叶面积鲜重、干重以及植株鲜重、干重；优化花生植株的生理生化特性，表现为显著提高了花生叶片的蛋白质含量和叶绿素含量及SOD和POD活性，增强了花生叶片的光合速率和蒸腾速率，增强了主根活力，降低了花生叶片的丙二醛和可溶性糖含量；提高植株的单株结荚数、饱果率和产量。

Thecompare of genetic map between Lowes and ours showed 26 homology marker situ,which occupied 21.1% of the marker situ in the experiment. 81 QTLs were detected for 11 agronomic traits. 4 QTLs were detected for plantheight, which explained 10.3%～28.9% of trait variance; 2 QTLs were detected forNo. of effective 1-st branches, which explained 22.1%～47% of trait variance; 16QTLs were detected for effective branches height, which explained 12.2%～51.8% oftrait variance; 15 QTLs were detected for length of main inflorenscence, whichexplained 7.4%～26.6% of trait variance; 5 QTLs were detected for effective siliquesof main inflorenscence, which explained 11.2%～25% of trait variance; 1 QTLs weredetected for density of main infiorenscence, which explained 17.3% of trait variance;12 QTLs were detected for length of silique, which explained 24%～36.7% of traitvariance; 2 QTLs were detected for seed per sillique, which explained 9.6% and16.9% of trait variance; 2 QTLs were detected for 1000 seed weight, which explained26%～13.7% of trait variance; 11 QTLs were detected for Total effective siliques perplant, which explained 14.8%～47.2% of trait variance; 11 QTLs were detected forplant height, which explained 14.3%～32.8% of trait variance.

其中，株高检测到4个QTLs，解释性状表型变异的10.3％～28.9％；一次有效分枝数检测到2个QTLs，解释性状表型变异的22.1％和47％；有效分枝部位检测到16个QTLs，解释性状表型变异的12.2％～51.8％；主花序长度检测到15个QTLs，解释性状表型变异的7.4％～26.6％；主花序有效角数检测到5个QTLs，解释性状表型变异的11.2％～25％；主花序角密度检测到1个QTLs，解释性状表型变异的17.3％；角果长度检测到12个QTLs，解释性状表型变异的24％～36.7％；每角粒数检测到2个QTLs，解释性状表型变异的9.6％和16.9％；千粒重检测到2个QTLs，解释性状表型变异的26％和13.7％；单株有效角果总数检测到11个QTLs，解释性状表型变异的14.8％～47.2％；单株产量检测到11个QTLs，解释性状表型变异的14.3％～32.8％。

Main results are listed as below: 1. In rapid solidification, when the cooling rate is over some critical value, the solidification system will become unstable in the sense of the nonequilibrium thermodynamics, a uncontinuous steady state jump phenomenon will occur, and this uncontinuous steady state jump can be understood as the glass transition.

主要得到了如下结果：(1)通过对快速凝固过程的动力学及热力学的分析，提出了非晶转变的分枝理论模型，结果表明，对一合金熔体，当冷却速度大于某一临界值时，凝固体系会出现非平衡热力学意义上的失稳而出现多定态分枝现象，这一多定态现象可以被理解为非晶转变。

The improved watermelon inbred line wbl 9 with less-branching is developed by using donor parent of wbl 1 with 1 cross, 2 backcrosses with superior inbred line 015 and 6 generations of pedigree selection.

用具有弱分枝性状的wbl 1作供体亲本，用优良的西瓜自交系015作父本，通过1次杂交、2次回交和连续6代的自交分离和纯化，育成了具有弱分枝性状的优良自交系wbl 9。

The multi-stage Tabu Search fits for the situation where the problem has middle size, the quality of solution is important, and the speed is not restricted too much.(4) The combined algorithm which shares the advantages of HR and TS—high speed and high quality—is the most practicable one for middle-scale problems.

通过仿真实验对分枝定界算法、基于运行的启发式算法、多阶段禁忌搜索算法和组合算法进行一系列的对比研究，得出以下几点结论：(1)分枝定界算法只适用于问题规模小且对计算时间要求不高的场合，它是一种最优化算法；(2)启发式算法适合于求解大规模问题，尤其是实际应用中遇到的大型问题，对计算时间要求较高而对解的质量只要满意即可。

Conclusions］There is a significant difference at protein level between untreated and ethambutol treated mc2155 cells. It suggests that the differential expression analysis of proteomes may be useful for further study on microbiostatic mechanism of ethambutol and search for new targets toward anti-TB drug development.

结论］乙胺丁醇处理前后耻垢分枝杆菌mc2155细胞的蛋白质组具有差异，这种蛋白质组的差异分析有助于进一步研究乙胺丁醇抑制分枝杆菌生长的作用机制并为寻找新的抗结核药物作用靶标奠定基础。

Leaves reduced upwards. Inflorescence branching, umbels compound, terminal on stem and branches; bracts entire, 2–3-lobed to pinnate or absent; rays 5–20, those of primary terminal umbel stout, spreading-ascending or diffuse; bracteoles similar to bracts or absent; umbellules 10–30-flowered.

叶向上变小花序分枝，复伞状花序，在茎和分枝上顶生；苞片全缘，2-3浅裂到羽状的或无；伞辐5-20，那些初级顶生伞形花序坚固的，平展上升的或铺散的；小苞片类似苞片或无；小伞形花序10-30开花。

In view of these facts, We tried to find something in the L-form induction, plasmid extraction and their function, and the cloning and expression of promotors from BCG in Bacillus subtilis. Our aim is to provide a basis for the expression of HBsAg gene in BCG and to add something to the molecuiar biology of mycobacteria.

正是有鉴于此，我们试图在分枝杆菌在液体培养基中的L型实验诱导、质粒的提取及其功能分析、卡介苗启动子在枯草杆菌的克隆和表达等方面有所发现，为利用卡介苗表达乙型肝炎表面抗原基因提供基础，也为我国分枝杆菌的分子生物学研究增加内容。

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。