分数

The local lesion assay indicated that: contacted with TMV infected leaf juice dilution over 12 h, the disinfestants whose inactivation ratio of TMV above 80% are as follows: 7% sodium hypochlorite at 10 μLL^(-1), 30% chloride of lime at 15 mgL^(-1), 40% Yubao at 75 μLL^(-1) and 98% potassium permanganate at 20 mgL^(-1), 10% chlorine dioxide at 25 mgL^(-1) inactivation ratio of TMV less than 50%.

结果表明，与TMV病叶汁液2万倍稀释液接触12 h，体积分数7%有效氯次氯酸钠10μLL^(-1)、质量分数30%有效氯漂白粉15 mgL^(-1)、体积分数40% N-羟乙基亚甲胺多聚物75μLL^(-1)和质量分数98%高锰酸钾20 mgL^(-1)对TMV的抑制率高于80%，质量分数10%二氧化氯粉剂25 mgL^(-1)对TMV的抑制率低于50%。

In common glass fiber reinforced polyolefine pipe, when the volume faraction is less than the critical value, the glass fiber can not act as reinforcement, on the contray, it would reduce the whole intensity of the compound material. However, when extruded in combined stress field, the extend intensity of the compound system increases when the volume fraction of glass fibers is less than the critical value. When the glass fiber volume fraction is higher than the critical value, the required glass fiber volume fraction of compound fibers extruded in the combined stress field is less than theory value.

一般玻璃纤维增强管材在常规挤出时当添加的玻璃纤维体积含量小于临界体积分数(当添加的玻纤的复合体系拉伸强度等于基体聚合物材料的拉伸强度时的玻纤体积分数)时，玻纤起不到增强的作用，反而会使复合材料的整体强度降低；但在复合应力场下挤出时，当添加的玻纤含量小于临界体积分数时，复合体系的拉伸强度不但没有降低反而升高了；当添加的玻纤含量大于临界体积分数时，复合体系要达到同样强度，经过复合应力场的玻纤增强管材需要的体积分数小于理论值。

The results under the oil lubricate friction conditions were similar with those under the dry friction conditions. The wear mechanism of 3Cr13 matrix alloy was micro-cutting and distorting wear. For the composites with a low fraction of TiC particle, distorting wear dominated and cutting was partly operating. For the composites with a high fraction of TiC particle, stress fatigue wear and wear of hard phase decohesion has occurred, but the main wear mechanism was still distorting wear. When the wear experiments were performed under the oil lubricate friction conditions, the main wear mechanism has became to abrasive wear and fatigue wear for the composites with the low TiC fraction, and fatigue wear would be to dominate for the composites with the high TiC fraction. There were similar wear mechanisms in H13 and 1Cr18Ni9 matrix composites.

在干摩擦条件下，3Cr13基体合金的磨损机理为显微切削和变形磨损；低体积分数的复合材料磨损机制以变形磨损为主，兼有少量的切削磨损机制；高体积分数的复合材料磨损机制以变形磨损为主，兼有应力疲劳磨损和脆性相剥落磨损；在油润滑摩擦条件下，3Cr13基体合金的磨损以磨粒磨损为主；低体积分数的复合材料磨损为磨粒磨损和疲劳磨损；高体积分数的复合材料磨损以疲劳磨损为主。H13、1Cr18Ni9基体及其复合材料的磨损机制类似于3Cr13基体及其相同体积分数的复合材料。

this paper proposes a design method which can improve the performance of fractional order differential filter obviously under the premise of not increasing the structure complexity of the filter.this scheme which bases on mutually compensatory characters of typical differentiator and uses interpolated method to improve performance of iir digital fractional differential filter.the improved frequency response of fractional differential filter is more close to ideal fractional differential filter,it indicates the validity of proposed method.

摘 要：提出一种在不增加分数阶微分滤波器复杂度的前提下，能有效提高分数阶微分滤波器性能的方法。该方法利用几种基于典型微分算子的分数阶微分滤波器之间的互补性，通过相互内插结合的方式，用于提高iir分数阶数字滤波器的性能。改进后的分数阶微分滤波器频率响应更接近理想分数阶微分滤波器，表明所提方法的有效性。

In recent years, systems which based on fractional differential and integral fractional, have been researched extensively, involving fractional circuit, fractional digital signal processing, fractional dynamics control systems and fractional-Chaos and super-chaos, Chaos Control and fractional chaos synchronization, and security communications. And a lot of theoretical and practical results are obtained.

故而近年来基于分数阶微分和积分的分数阶系统已在动力学系统中得以较为广泛的研究，其中涉及分数阶电路、分数阶数字信号处理、分数阶动力学控制系统以及分数阶混沌和超混沌、分数阶混沌控制与混沌同步、保密通信等多个领域，取得了不少的理论和实际结果。

The main results are as follows: the relations between local fractional integrated semigroups and the corresponding Cauchy problem, global fractional integrated semigroups and regularized semigroups are given; introduction of the notion of regularized resolvent families, and the generation theorem and analyticity criterions for regularized resolvent families are obtained; the spectral inclusions between fractional resolvent family and its generator, and the approximation for fractional resolvent families in the cases of generators approximation and fractional orders approximation; elliptic operators with variable coefficients generating fractional resolvent family on L^2 by using numerical range techniques; and the L^p theory for elliptic operators with real coefficients highest order are obtained by Sobolev''s inequalities and the a priori estimates for elliptic operators; and a kind of coercive differential operators generates fractional regularized resolvent family by applying the Fourier multiplier method, functional calculus and some basic properties of Mittag-Leffler functions.

主要结论是：给出了局部分数次积分半群和相应的Cauchy问题的关系以及分数次积分半群和正则半群的关系；引入了正则预解族的概念，并给出了其生成定理和解析生成法则；给出了分数次预解族与其生成元的谱包含关系，并研究了在生成元逼近和分数阶逼近两种情况下相应的预解族的逼近问题；利用数值域方法证明了具变系数的椭圆算子在L^2上生成分数次预解族；利用Sobolev不等式和椭圆算子的先验估计证明了具变系数的椭圆算子在其最高项系数为实数时在L^p上生成分数次预解族；运用Fourier乘子理论、泛函演算和Mittag-Leffler函数证明了一类强制微分算子可以生成分数次正则预解族，并给出了该预解族的范数估计。

Resultantly, the scores of the syndromes as indicated in the cancer group were higher (Qi deficiency syndrome:37.62±16.69 vs 19.92±13.36; blood stasis syndrome:28.14±9.34 vs 12.60±8.80) than those in the non-cancer group. The incidence of the syndromes in the latter group was lower (Qi deficiency syndrome :25.7% vs 67.0%; blood stasis syndrome :21.1% vs 87.0%) than the former group.The scores of the syndromes in the late cancer stage were higher than those in the early stage, but the incidences of the diagnostic patterns for the syndromes were similar. The scores of qi deficiency were higher during chemotherapy than after or without chemotherapy, those of blood stasis were similar during, after or without chemotherapy, those of the syndromes were not different with or without radiation therapy, and those of the syndromes were reduced by the two-week Traditional Chinese medicine therapy.

结果显示癌症组的气虚分数37.62±16.69比非癌症组的19.92±13.36高；癌症组的血瘀分数28.14±9.34也比非癌症组的12.60±8.80高；非癌症组气虚证的发生率25.7%比癌症组的67.0%低；非癌症组血瘀证的发生率21.1%也比癌症组的87.0%低；癌症晚期比早期有较高的气虚和血瘀分数，但证型发生率两者相似；正在化疗中的气虚分数比曾经化疗或无化疗者高，但血瘀分数则三者相似；放疗有或无不会影响癌症患者的气虚或血瘀分数；中医治疗介入两周能减少癌症患者的气虚和血瘀分数。

The experimental results show that the distributions of content and toxicity equivalent quantity of PAHs in raw coal are similar to coal gasification but this compositions and contents are different. The rise of coal rank leads to the decrease of the content and TEQ of PAHs in raw coal and the increase of TEQ during coal gasification, while the content of PAHs emission from coal gasification increases first and then decreases with the increase of coal rank. The total PAHs contents generated in coal gasification of some sorts of coals are higher than in raw coal. The types of PAHs formed in coal gasification include undecomposed PAHs in raw coal, pyrosysthensis PAHs, and radical polymerization PAHs at high temperature.

试验结果表明：煤气化前后多环芳烃质量分数和毒性当量质量分数的分布特徵相似，但多环芳烃的组成和质量分数不同；煤化程度增加，原煤多环芳烃质量分数和毒性当量质量分数减小，煤气化多环芳烃质量分数先增后减，毒性当量质量分数与煤化程度呈线性关系；部分煤种气化多环芳烃的质量分数高於原煤多环芳烃质量分数，且煤气化多环芳烃的种类分为原煤未分解的多环芳烃、热解合成的多环芳烃、自由基高温缩合生成的多环芳烃。

QUITE GOOD就相当于分数A,B只是AVERAGE,"OK","C"则是差,这点Cahill自己在他的评论中都写到了: I might add, finally, that my experience with the British academic grading system as an outside reader for Hong Kong University several years ago made me conscious that your gradings are stricter than ours; a student here would be quite unhappy with a B or 13grade in a seminar, but maybe the same isn't true there.

&我最后想要说，我在几年前做过香港大学的校外分数重估专家，这个与英式学术计分系统的经历让我感到你们的计分法要比我们的严格，在这里严格学术会对一个B和一个讨论课的13 级分数很不满，但是这在你们那里也许不是这样。&同时Cahill 自己已经在他的意见书中承认了他已经了解了有关这个分数和论文的背景，，并且还多次着重指出&From the viewpoint of the instructor…&根据以这个课程的指导教师的观点。。。

Based on the theory of fractional Fourier transform and one of its very important parameter, fractional order, the relationship between FRT and Fresnel diffraction are deduced and analyzed. The fractional Fourier transform hologram reconstructed with the Lohmann Ⅰ FRT system is presented and its computer simulation and digital reconstruction are realized. It is shown that FRT is an ideal tool to describe Fresnel diffraction,and the FRTH can record information on the object and the system at the same time,which extends the application areas of FRT and holography.

基于分数傅里叶变换理论并以分数阶这一重要参量为纽带，推导和分析了分数傅里叶变换与菲涅耳衍射之间的关系；提出了基于罗曼I型分数傅里叶变换系统的分数傅里叶变换全息图，并实现了其计算机生成及数字重现；研究表明，分数傅里叶变换是描述菲涅耳衍射的理想工具，分数傅里叶变换全息图可以同时记录物体和系统的信息，开拓了分数傅里叶变换和全息术的应用领域。

The concept of equivalent rotationally rigidity is offered and the formula of rotationally rigidity is obtained.

主要做了如下几个方面的工作：对伸臂位于顶部的单层框架—筒体模型进行分析，提出了等效转动约束的概念和转动约束刚度的表达式。

Male cats normally do not need aftercare with the exception of the night after the anesthetic.

男猫通常不需要善后除了晚上的麻醉。