分支

A new branch of mathematics, dealing with infinitely small quantities, gives now in other more complex problems of dynamics solutions of problems that seemed insoluble.

数学的一个新的分支在解决了处理无穷小数的技术后，现已能在其他更为复杂的运动问题上求得对以前似乎解决不了的那些问题的答案。

Mathematical legacy 数学遗产 Descartes' theory provided the basis for the calculus of Newton and Leibniz, by applying infinitesimal calculus to the tangent line problem, thus permitting the evolution of that branch of modern mathematics.

通过对切线问题的极限计算，笛卡尔为牛顿和莱布尼茨的微积分奠定了基础，所以使得这一近代数学分支的发展成为可能。

infinitesimal calculus ; chart theory ; probability ; application ; economic management

本文就数学的一些分支在经济管理中的应用作一初步讨论。1 一元微积分在经济管理中的应用1.1价格需求弹性系数我们知道，商品

The calcalus learns is a mathematic branch connected closely with scientific application.Infinitesimal is an important componant in the theoretical system and has an outstanding effect on the forming of the basis and conception of the theory. infinitesimal ; calculus ; the calculus learns ; differential calculus ; integral calculus

引 言微积分学是建立在实数、函数和极限理论基础上，研究函数微分、积分以及有关概念与应用的数学分支。17世纪精密科学的飞速发展，天文学、力学、光学、工业技术要求数学彻底革新，导致了无穷小概念的问世，促使费马增量理论开创微分学的先河，同时奠定了柯西的极限理论。

Survey shows that the real estate industry is a major means of tax evasion: individual real estate enterprises to take advantage of off-the-books, accounting, false invoices for the apparent increase of tax evasion; part of the real estate business to avoid tax regulation, does not accurately pre - pay corporate income taxes; own Jian'an inflated costs, the cost ratio does not follow the principle of carry-over, corporate profits as the year in advance the size of carry-over costs, man-made regulation of profits, corporate income tax evasion; together to build the party issuing false invoices, the expansion of another party development costs, the transfer of profits, corporate income tax evasion; advance purchase transactions shall be pegged not to declare their taxable accounts, low-priced sale of product development, drilling policies do not take advantage of value-added tax timely clearing of land; sales garage, storage room through the non-Non-invoiced transfer income, tax evasion related taxes; way to reduce the recording of non-existent staff made售房sales royalty income, personal income tax evasion; with branches or associated enterprises business is not a normal transaction between independent enterprises, and through cross-cutting shared billing or concealed operating items, operating income to conceal tax evasion; bank into the personal housing mortgage loans credited to the "short-term borrowing" subjects, the transfer of income, tax evasion business tax, land value-added tax and enterprise income tax; will develop products for their own use, foreign donations, to cover the debt in exchange for non-monetary assets are not regarded as sales in accordance with the regulations and carry-over income, tax evasion related taxes.

调查显示，房地产业是一个重要的手段逃税：个别房地产企业利用账外账，会计，假发票的情况明显增加逃税；部分房地产业务，以避免税收调节，并没有准确地预先-支付公司所得税；夸大自己的建安成本，费用率并不遵循结转，企业利润为提前一年规模结转成本，人为调节利润，逃避企业所得税；共同建设党的虚开发票，扩大另一方开发成本，转移利润，逃避企业所得税；预购交易应盯住不申报应纳税帐户，低价销售的产品开发，钻政策不利用增值税及时交换土地；销售车库，储藏室通过非非发票转让收入，偷税漏税有关的税收；方式，以减少该记录不存在的工作人员取得售房销售版税收入，逃避个人所得税；与分支机构或关联企业的业务不是一个正常的独立企业之间的交易，并通过交叉共享帐单或隐瞒经营项目，隐瞒经营收入逃税；银行的个人住房按揭贷款记入"短期借款"科目，转移收入，偷税漏税营业税，土地增值税和企业所得税；将开发的产品供自己使用，外国捐款，用于支付债务，以换取非货币性资产不视为销售依照条例和结转收入，偷税漏税有关的税收。房价上涨后，股市下跌

If the knowledge was closely related the many disciplines or many branches of a discipline,then this knowledge is certainly important,but the quadratic form,european space inner product,Jensen inequality are basic content of algebra,real letters,calculus in higher mathematics.

如果某一知识跟很多学科或者一个学科的很多分支有着密切联系，那么这个知识肯定是很重要的，而二次型、欧式空间内积、詹森不等式都是高等数学中代数、实函、微积分的基本内容。

Thus arose the two great divisions of this science known as inorganic chemistry and organic chemistry.

于是，产生了这门科学的两大分支，即所谓的无机化学和有机化学。

As a branch of hermeneutics, Western epistemology originates from a mentalism that takes cognition as a kind of inosculation of subject and object.

西方认识论作为诠释学的一个分支，源于把认识看作关于主体和客体的某种程度的融合的唯心主义观点。

It is shown that the insensitivity conditions are equivalent to the null controllability problem of a cascade system.

不灵敏控制问题是能控性的一个分支，半线性热方程的不灵敏控制问题即可转化为一个串联系统的能控性问题。

Also, a calculation model for instantaneous branch current is proposed, and is verified by examples.

提出了计算电力系统任意时刻分支短路电流的计算模型，并通过实例验证了算法的正确性。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。