分工

Economic globalization extended the capacity of world market, the development that is each country economy brings larger mobile space, offer more development opportunity, the characteristic that also makes world market risk increases revolution of; new science and technology to deciding structure of prospective world industry at the same time and the way that economy grows, for economy development provides new power and new field, also make the development of traditional industry faces greater pressure, competitive advantage tilts to the state that has capacity of advanced technique innovation further the structural adjustment of limits of; whole world will make area of world economy growth widens further, the shirt-sleeve rate of each country economy rises further, at the same time each country also do one's best holds vantage ground in new international division of labor.

经济全球化拓展了世界市场的容量，为各国经济的发展带来更大的活动空间，提供更多的发展机遇，同时也使世界市场风险加大；新科技革命决定着未来世界产业结构的特点和经济增长的方式，为经济发展提供新的动力和新的领域，也使传统产业的发展面临更大的压力，竞争的优势进一步向拥有先进技术创新能力的国家倾斜；全球范围的结构调整将使世界经济增长面进一步拓宽，各国经济的融合程度进一步提高，同时各国也力求在新的国际分工中占据有利地位。

Firstly, it seeks the sources from which theories have been developed, by a summary of evolution or a road-map. Secondly, it explains the two basic forms taken by traditional theories on intra-industry trade, namely, horizontal intra-industry trade model and vertical intra-industry trade model. Both models take final products as trade objects and products of same industry are thus simultaneously exported and imported among developed nations and among developed nations and developing ones.Thirdly, it points out that the theory of vertical intra-industry trade has already been expanded in scope in the area of trade between developed countries and LDCs. It shows that the implication of vertical intra-industry trade has expanded to the importation and exportation of parts and components, intermediate products or processing products produced via various working procedures or different production links within the same industry, with MNCs as carriers. It gives the summary of the methods of measuring intra-industry trade and argues that the basic method adopted by this thesis is G-L Index. In addition, GHM and Input-output Analysis are introduced to demonstrate the expansion of vertical intra-industry trade.

首先，通过整理国际贸易理论的发展脉络，寻求产业内贸易的理论渊源；其次，阐述产业内贸易传统理论的两种基本形式，水平型产业内贸易与垂直型产业内贸易的理论模型，指出两者都以最终产品为贸易对象，实现了发达国家之间或发达国家与发展中国家之间的同一产业内产品的同时进口和出口；第三，结合全球化的特点和跨国公司在国际要素分工中的基础作用，指出发达国家与发展中国家之间的垂直型产业内贸易理论已经得到拓展，表明垂直型产业内贸易涵义已发展成为以跨国公司为载体的同一产业内不同生产工序或不同生产环节的零部件、中间产品或加工产品的进口和出口；最后，归纳了产业内贸易的计量方法，指出本文的产业内贸易基本计量方法是G-L指数(格鲁贝尔-洛伊德计量法)，并在此基础上进一步说明与垂直型产业内贸易的拓展相关的计量方法包括：GHM计量法和Hummels投入-产出分析法。

For all these, in this refined century, to accept the rapid challenge of contemporary scientific and technological revolution. If we want to realize the ideal that to have division develop virtuously. We must take relevant measure to restructure the defect. That is to improve the female self-qualification to examine and verify the social culture field of vision and formulate the social gender rules and standards.

因此，在这个高度文明的世纪里，面对当代科技革命突飞猛进的冲击，要实现人类社会性别分工的良性化发展，就必须采取相应的措施对相关缺失问题进行建构，如提高女性自身素质、对社会文化视野的审视以及制定相应的社会性别制度和规范等。

My first job was in a well-established company where the division of labour was very clear.

我第一份工作是在一间制度完善的公司内任职，那里分工十分明确。

The result is like this: The Sausage's job is to bring wood; the Mouse's is to cook food; the Bird's is to bring water.

大家同意用抽签的方式分工，抽签的结果是：香肠背柴老鼠做饭，小鸟担水

First, a review of intra-industry trade theories is conducted in order to work out the general rule of industrial structure change in different countries. It is found that:(1) intra-industry trade has both positive and negative effects on industrial structure change;(2) Different division modes turn out to have different impacts on national economics.

为此，本文首先将产业内贸易理论进行了梳理，指出产业结构演进的一般规律，从理论角度分析了它对产业结构演进影响的正负面效应，并指出不同类型分工形式下的产业内贸易对各国的经济影响不同。

It complied with the history that socialization divides the work greatly to develop the rule already, reflected the individual's value adequately again at the same time.

它既顺应了社会化大分工的历史发展规律，同时又充分体现了个人的价值。

China multinational logistics enterprises should actively promote globalization business strategy with the process of integrated world market and economic globalization, change the domestic corporation into a worldwide corporation, setting up business in the world, establishing the international information network, carrying out the international division of labor on a global scale, establishing of a global research and development system etc.

在世界市场趋于一体化、经济全球化的进程中，中国跨国物流企业应该积极推进全球化经营战略，将国内总公司变为世界范围的总公司，在世界范围内设置经营点，架构国际资讯网路，在全球范围内实行国际分工，建立全球研究开发体系等。

Xenophon , writing in the fourth century BC makes a passing reference to division of labour in his 'Cyropaedia' or Education Of Cyrus .

色诺芬，写在公元前四世纪的建筑进行了顺便提到的分工，在他的'cyropaedia'或教育鲁士。

Its proposal of BPR theory brought about a serious challenge to Adamas Smith's "theory of division" which has controlled management theory and practice of enterprises for 200 years.

它的提出使得 200年来一直主宰着企业管理理论和实践的亚当·斯密的&分工理论&受到了严峻挑战，被称为管理史上的又一次革命。

The concept of equivalent rotationally rigidity is offered and the formula of rotationally rigidity is obtained.

主要做了如下几个方面的工作：对伸臂位于顶部的单层框架—筒体模型进行分析，提出了等效转动约束的概念和转动约束刚度的表达式。

Male cats normally do not need aftercare with the exception of the night after the anesthetic.

男猫通常不需要善后除了晚上的麻醉。