分子性

Using the combination of energies of the molecular Force Field and atom-bond Electronegalitivity equalization method, the expression of alkane molecular energy has been proposed.

将分子力场中的能量项加入到原子－键电负性均衡方法的能量表达式中，获得了计算烷烃分子能量的方法。

One of them can efficient catalysed the alkene in the absence of dear additives by introducing an imidazole in the salen ligand.

其中分子内含咪唑的手性吡咯烷Mn催化剂成功实现了不加昂贵添加剂的情况下高效催化取代色烯环氧化反应。

LASIK use Allegretto laser system had good predictability and outcome for predominant myopic astigmatism.

采用鹰视准分子激光系统行LASIK治疗以散光为主眼具有很好的预测性，视觉矫治效果良好。

Resistant accessions, genetic basis, biochemical research and molecular marker are summarized in this article. We also discussed how to apply allelism test which using hybridize and molecular marker in different resistance materials in order to make a good use of resistant resources and provide useful information in the further research of the multiresistant mungbean breeding.

本文就绿豆抗豆象基因资源的发掘与利用及抗豆象特性的遗传机理与分离规律进行了总结与分析，对抗豆象的生化基础研究和分子标记进行了综述，探讨了抗豆象育种的重要性及尚需解决的问题，提出进行不同抗源的基因等位性鉴定、高效地利用抗源、培育多价抗豆象绿豆品种的重要性。

Objective:To testify the induction of allo -hypo-immuno-responsiveness by immature dendritic cellswith deficiency of costi mulators.

目的：证实缺少辅助刺激分子的未成熟树突细胞在体外诱导同种T细胞的低应答性。

Objective: To testify the induction of allo -hypo-immuno-responsiveness by immature dendritic cellswith deficiency of costi mulators.

摘 要 目的：证实缺少辅助刺激分子的未成熟树突细胞在体外诱导同种T细胞的低应答性。

During the postgenomics era the information about genomic sequence and gene functions provides a new foundation for evolutionary biology and ecology As the first whole-genome sequenced plant Arabidopsis thaliana and its wild relatives have played a critical role in understanding the evolution of genomics and speciation Both A halleri and A lyrata are closely related to the model species A thaliana A halleri ssp gemmifera occurs in northeastern China Japan and Taiwan; while its sister A halleri ssp halleri is mainly distributed in Europe Geographical barriers such as Tienshan Mountain Range isolate these intraspecific sisters Likewise A lyrata ssp kamchatica and ssp lyrata occur in East Asia and North America respectively Such distribution patterns seem to be consistent with allopartic speciation The comparison between ancestral and extant polymorphism by multilocus can be informative about the population genetics of speciation In this study we collected and analyzed DNA sequences of 98 genes from four wild relatives of A thaliana A halleri ssp gemmifera A halleri ssp halleri A lyrata ssp kamchatica and A lyrata ssp lyrata The ancestral states of these four species were compared to each other in terms of level of genetic variation However the ancestral species at the time of speciation were substantially more polymorphic than the extant geographical populations The observations are not fully compatible with speciation by strict allopatry At some species pairs parapatric speciation seems more reasonable in speciation of Arabidopsis The 98 gene sequences are also used for the congruence test between gene genealogy and species phylogeny Only 28 genes support the species phylogeny but there are 23 genes supports another major genealogy { lyrata} thaliana Based on the phylogenetic position change of A lyrata ssp kamchatica and Ks value for each species pair suggested the recent directional gene flow between A halleri ssp gemmifera and A lyrata ssp kamchatica

阿拉伯芥是第一个完成基因体定序的开花植物，其基因体资讯提供植物学研究的重要依据；在解析阿拉伯芥属物种的亲缘关系以及种化机制等重要的演化议题时，阿拉伯芥近缘的野生物种自然成了不可或缺的关键；跟阿拉伯芥近缘的物种包括A halleri及A lyrata，其中A halleri ssp gemmifera主要分布於中国东北、日本以及台湾，与近缘的A halleri ssp halleri其分布於欧洲隔著天山及大陆的障蔽，而A lyrata ssp kamchatica主要分布於东北亚及台湾，与分布於北美五大湖的A lyrata ssp lyrata被北极圈所分隔，这样的分布模式暗示异域种化的可能。藉由多基因分析比较祖先物种与现生物种遗传歧异度的相关可提供讯息探讨种化时期的族群遗传结构，本研究针对A halleri ssp gemmifera、A halleri ssp halleri及A lyrata ssp kamchatica、A lyrata ssp lyrata四个物种，两对互为亚种的姊妹群，以阿拉伯芥为外群进行研究，在四个物种完成98个同源基因的分子序列，利用套装软体MCMCcoal来估算祖先物种的遗传变异，亦估算现生物种的核苷酸歧异度，观察到？多物种配对中祖先物种遗传多型性大於现生物种DNA歧异度，显示异域种化模型并无法完全解释阿拉伯芥属物种的种化模式，在某些物种配对间邻域种化模式应比异域种化更为可能；在基因树与物种树的比较，98个基因片段的亲缘模式只有28个是与已知物种树一致的，有23个基因其树状图支持{ lyrata} thaliana的型式，藉由kamchatica位置的变化以及估算各物种配对间的平均同义置换率，推测在A halleri ssp gemmifera与A lyrata ssp kamchatica间具有近代的单方向基因交流。

Key words: Amanita; rDNA; ITS sequence analysis; classification and identification; Macrofungi

本研究在对采自浙江西南部丽水山区的7个鹅膏菌标本进行初步鉴定的基础上，对7个鹅膏菌的rDNA ITS区段进行序列测定和序列特征比较分析，并进一步对ITS序列进行核酸序列数据库GenBank同源性检索比对，构建起系统发育树以期为基于传统形态特征对7个鹅膏菌做出的分类鉴定提供分子依据。

Methods We studied a series of 31 eyes of 24 patients who underwent PRK for the correction of anisometropia after cataract surgery.

目的观察准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术矫治白内障摘除术后屈光参差的疗效。

Meanwhile, we highlight several research corners for future further study, the trade-offs on resource allocation within perennial plant had not been proved, the relationship of neighbor effects and reproductive allocation was still not so clear for individual plant, there was no definite conclusion on perennial plant reproductive strategy under different neighbor effects and different habitats. The relationship between reproductive allocation and sexual allocation , the cause of resource distribution in anthotaxy structure, the similarities and differences of reproductive allocation and the maintain mechanism within all kinds of reproductivest rategy need a further investigation. In addition, a molecular study is required for explaining the variation mechanism and the biological meanings on seed size research.

指出生活史研究仍存在不足首先是研究内容上，资源分配在多年生植物中的权衡仍未被有力证明，邻体效应与繁殖分配的关系在个体水平上仍不明了，多年生植物在不同邻体效应和生境下将采取何种繁殖对策目前尚无明确的结论；繁殖分配与性分配之间的关系，引起花序结构上资源分配差异的原因，各种繁殖对策中繁殖分配异同与维持机制等问题仍有待于进一步的研究；种子大小的变异机制以及生物学意义仍未得到令人满意的答复，更需分子水平上的研究来解释其机理。

The labia have now been sutured together almost completely.The drains and the Foley catheter come out at the top.

此刻阴唇已经几乎完全的缝在一起了，排除多余淤血体液的管子和Foley导管从顶端冒出来。

To get the business done, I suggest we split the difference in price.

为了做成这笔生意，我建议我们在价格上大家各让一半。